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List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union

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List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union

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The order in which the original 13 states ratified the 1787 Constitution, then the order in which the others were admitted to the Union

A state of the United States is one of the 50 constituent entities that shares its sovereignty with the federal government. Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside, due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the federal government. Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names.

States are the primary subdivisions of the United States. They possess all powers not granted to the federal government nor prohibited to them by the Constitution of the United States. In general, state governments have the power to regulate issues of local concern, such as regulating intrastate commerce, running elections, creating local governments, public school policy, and non-federal road construction and maintenance. Each state has its own constitution grounded in republican principles, and government consisting of executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

All states and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each state is represented by two senators, and at least one representative, while the size of a state's House delegation depends on its total population, as determined by the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census. Additionally, each state is entitled to select a number of electors to vote in the Electoral College, the body that elects the President of the United States and Vice President of the United States, equal to the total of representatives and senators in Congress from that state.

Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50. Each new state has been admitted on an equal footing with the existing states.

List of U.S. states

The following table is a list of all 50 states and their respective dates of statehood. The first 13 became states in July 1776 upon agreeing to the United States Declaration of Independence, and each joined the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781, upon ratifying the Articles of Confederation, its first constitution. (A separate table is included below showing AoC ratification dates.) These states are presented in the order in which each ratified the 1787 Constitution and joined the others in the new (and current) federal government. The date of admission listed for each subsequent state is the official date set by Act of Congress.

StateDate
(admitted or ratified)Formed from
1Delaware
(ratified)
2Pennsylvania
(ratified)
3New Jersey
(ratified)
4Georgia (U.S. state)
(ratified)
5Connecticut
(ratified)
6Massachusetts
(ratified)
7Maryland
(ratified)
8South Carolina
(ratified)
9New Hampshire
(ratified)
10Virginia
(ratified)
11New York (state)
(ratified)
12North Carolina
(ratified)
13Rhode Island
(ratified)
14Vermont
(admitted)
15Kentucky
(admitted)
16Tennessee
(admitted)
17Ohio
(admitted)
18Louisiana
(admitted)
19Indiana
(admitted)
20Mississippi
(admitted)
21Illinois
(admitted)
22Alabama
(admitted)
23Maine
(admitted)
24Missouri
(admitted)
25Arkansas
(admitted)
26Michigan
(admitted)
27Florida
(admitted)
28Texas
(admitted)
29Iowa
(admitted)
30Wisconsin
(admitted)
31California
(admitted)
32Minnesota
(admitted)
33Oregon
(admitted)
34Kansas
(admitted)
35West Virginia
(admitted)
36Nevada
(admitted)
37Nebraska
(admitted)
38Colorado
(admitted)
39North Dakota
(admitted)
40South Dakota
(admitted)
41Montana
(admitted)
42Washington (state)
(admitted)
43Idaho
(admitted)
44Wyoming
(admitted)
45Utah
(admitted)
46Oklahoma
(admitted)
47New Mexico
(admitted)
48Arizona
(admitted)
49Alaska
(admitted)
50Hawaii
(admitted)

Articles of Confederation ratification dates

The Second Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation for ratification by the individual states on November 15, 1777. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. On March 4, 1789, the general government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the present Constitution.

StateDate
[[File:Seal of Virginia.svg30px]] Virginia
[[File:Seal of South Carolina.svg30px]] South Carolina
[[File:Seal of New York.svg30px]] New York
[[File:Seal of Rhode Island.svg30px]] Rhode Island
[[File:Seal of Connecticut.svg26px]] Connecticut
[[File:Seal of Georgia.svg30px]] Georgia
[[File:Seal of New Hampshire.svg30px]] New Hampshire
[[File:Seal of Pennsylvania.svg30px]] Pennsylvania
[[File:Seal of Massachusetts.svg30px]] Massachusetts
[[File:Seal of North Carolina.svg30px]] North Carolina
[[File:Seal of New Jersey.svg30px]] New Jersey
[[File:Seal of Delaware.svg30px]] Delaware
[[File:Seal of Maryland (reverse).svg30px]] Maryland

Notes

References

References

  1. "Essays on Amendment XIV: Citizenship". The Heritage Foundation.
  2. "Frequently Asked Questions About the Minnesota Legislature". [[Minnesota State Legislature]].
  3. Kristin D. Burnett. "Congressional Apportionment (2010 Census Briefs C2010BR-08)". U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration.
  4. "Essays on Article II: Presidential Electors". The Heritage Foundation.
  5. "Doctrine of the Equality of States".
  6. Jensen, Merrill. (1959). "The Articles of Confederation: An Interpretation of the Social-Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774–1781". University of Wisconsin Press.
  7. "Texas v. White 74 U.S. 700 (1868)".
  8. (2005). "The Constitutional Convention of 1787: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of America's Founding (Volume 1: A-M)". ABC-CLIO.
  9. "Delaware Government". Government Information Center, Delaware Department of State.
  10. "Overview of Pennsylvania History - 1776-1861: Independence to the Civil War". Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission.
  11. "1787 Convention Minutes". [[Government of New Jersey.
  12. "Today in History: January 9". Library of Congress.
  13. "Today in History: July 26". Library of Congress.
  14. "Today in History: November 21". Library of Congress.
  15. "The 14th State". Vermont Historical Society.
  16. "Constitution Square State Historic Site". American Heritage Publishing Co..
  17. "Official Name and Status History of the several States and U.S. Territories".
  18. "State History Timeline". [[Government of Tennessee.
  19. Blue, Frederick J.. (Autumn 2002). "The Date of Ohio Statehood". Ohio Academy of History Newsletter.
  20. Berg-Andersson, Richard E.. (January 17, 2007). "Clearing up the Confusion surrounding Ohio's Admission to Statehood". The Green Papers.
  21. "About Louisiana: quick facts".
  22. "IHB: The Final Steps to Statehood - IN.gov".
  23. "Welcome from the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission". Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission.
  24. "Today in History: December 3". Library of Congress.
  25. "Alabama History Timeline: 1800-1860".
  26. "Today in History: March 15". Library of Congress.
  27. "Today in History: August 10". Library of Congress.
  28. "Today in History: June 15". Library of Congress.
  29. "Today in History: January 26". Library of Congress.
  30. "Statehood". Florida Department of State.
  31. . (March 4, 2010). ["Texas enters the Union"](https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/texas-enters-the-union). *A&E Television Networks*.
  32. "Final Act of Congress to Admit the State of Iowa into the Union, December 28, 1846". State Historical Society of Iowa.
  33. "Today in History: May 29". Library of Congress.
  34. "California Admission Day September 9, 1850". California Department of Parks and Recreation.
  35. "Today in History: May 11". Library of Congress.
  36. "Oregon 165th Anniversary of Statehood (1859): February 14, 2024". United States Census Bureau.
  37. "Today in History: January 29". Library of Congress.
  38. "Today in History: June 20". Library of Congress.
  39. "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia, Chapter Twelve, Reorganized Government of Virginia Approves Separation". West Virginia Division of Culture and History.
  40. "Virginia v. West Virginia 78 U.S. 39 (1870)".
  41. (October 31, 2019). "Stats for Stories: Nevada 155th Anniversary (36th state): October 31, 2019".
  42. "Nebraska Statehood Launched in Troubled Times".
  43. "Today in History: August 1". Library of Congress.
  44. "Today in History: November 2". Library of Congress.
  45. (November 2, 2014). "At 125 years of Dakotas statehood, rivalry remains". [[The Bismarck Tribune]].
  46. Stein, Mark (2008). "How the States Got Their Shapes", Smithsonian Books/Harper Collins, p. 256.
  47. "Montana". University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
  48. "Today in History: November 11". Library of Congress.
  49. Glass, Andrew. (July 2, 2016). "Idaho becomes nation's 43rd state, July 3, 1890".
  50. (1960). "Wyoming: Key Facts". Papers of John F. Kennedy.
  51. Thatcher, Linda. (2016). "Struggle For Statehood Chronology". State of Utah.
  52. "Today in History: November 16". Library of Congress.
  53. "New Mexico and Arizona Statehood Anniversary (1912 – 2012)". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
  54. (June 22, 1983). "Statement on Signing a Bill Designating Alaska Statehood Day". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
  55. "Hawaii Statehood, August 21, 1959". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.
  56. Rodgers, Paul. (2011). "United States Constitutional Law: An Introduction". McFarland.
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