List of power stations in Iran

Manufacturing

The electric power industry in Iran has become self-sufficient in producing the required equipment to build power plants. While most of the electricity generators are run by the government, the equipment producers and contractors are generally from the private sector. Iran is among the top ten manufacturers of gas turbines, with a capacity of up to 160 megawatts. Iranian engineers at JEMCO (a subsidiary of IDRO) have developed and produced one- and four-megawatt generators. Iran can manufacture materials for over 80% of hydraulic turbines and over 90% of gas turbines. In the near future, Iran could become a major player in building power plants with advanced technology (2009). Iran planned to build its first indigenous gas turbines by 2015. Iran has achieved the technical expertise to set up hydroelectric, gas, and combined-cycle power plants. Iran is one of the four countries in the world which can manufacture advanced V94.2 gas turbines. The Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran (IDRO) is currently building the country's first 4-megawatt (MW) combined heat and power (CHP) turbo-generator in cooperation with the private sector.

Nuclear power plants

Darkhovin Nuclear Power Plant is Iran's first indigenously-designed and -built power plant besides the research reactor IR-40. Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant is Iran's first nuclear power plant; it was manufactured with the technical assistance of Russia.

International projects

Iran is not only self-sufficient in power-plant construction, but also has concluded a number of contracts on implementing projects in neighboring states. As of 2010, Iranian energy- and resource-development firms are involved in 50 projects worth over US$2.2 billion in more than 20 countries across the world. As at 2011, MAPNA was building power plants in Syria, Oman, and Iraq, and negotiations were underway to build two power plants in Lebanon.

One of Iran's most important international projects will see the construction of a $200-million hydroelectric dam in Nicaragua, starting in 2011. Iran is currently engaged in dam construction in Tajikistan, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, and consultations are underway with a number of other countries. Kenya, Sri Lanka, Bolivia, and Mali are the potential target markets being considered for exporting the country's technical and engineering services. In 2010, Iran won a contract to build a dam in Afghanistan and the third contract to build a power plant station in Syria. In December 2005, a wind farm was put in operation at Pushkin Pass in Armenia. The total installed capacity of the farm is 2.64 MW, from four 660 kW wind turbines. The wind farm was built with the support of a US$3.1M grant from the Iranian government. The Armenian and Iranian energy sectors are currently jointly constructing the Iran-Armenia Wind Farm, which is set to become the country's largest wind farm, having an installed electric capacity of 90 MW. As at 2012, Iran is building seven large power plants in Syria, Oman, Iraq, and Tajikistan.

Foreign direct investment

According to the Ministry of Energy, Germany has invested $445 million in construction of the Pareh-Sar combined-cycle power plant in northern Iran, while the UAE has invested $720 million in construction of a gas power plant and a combined-cycle power plant in Isfahan and Shiraz. In 2015, Iran and Russia signed an agreement regarding the construction of eight thermal power plants in Iran, with a total installed capacity of 2,800 MW. The investment per MW will be $3.57 million ($10 billion in total).

Privatization

Main article: Privatization in Iran

Mapna Company, Sahand, Bistoun, Shazand, Shahid Montazeri, Tous, Shahid Rajaei, and Neishabour power stations are among the profit-making plants. Work on privatizing them was scheduled to be finalized by late March 2007. Jahrom, Khalij-e Fars (Persian Gulf), and Sahand power plants were to be ceded to the private sector in 2009. All domestic power plants will be privatized gradually, except those the government feels it should run to ensure security of the national electricity grid. Power plants of Damavand, Mashhad, Shirvan, Kerman, Khalij-e Fars, Abadan, Bisotoon, Sanandaj, Manjil and Binalood, which have been turned into public limited firms, are ready for privatization. As of 2010, 20 power plants were ready for privatization in Iran. Upon ceding the 20 power plants to IPO, some 40% of the capacity of power plants nationwide will be assigned to the private and cooperative sectors. As of 2011, about 45 power plants across the country were to be handed over to the private sector. In 2012, it was announced that Iran's government, which had already turned over 17 of its 45 power plants to the private sector since 2008, would transfer 28 more plants with an estimated value of $11.4 billion (USD), by March 2013.

Energy/electricity bourse

The new energy/electricity bourse will be inaugurated in 2012. This will bring about more competition and transparency in Iran's electricity market. Experts believe that, following the launch of the subsidies reform plan, the electricity industry will undergo significant changes and will become more appealing to private investors.

As at 2012, Iran had over 400 power-plant units and 38 electricity-distribution companies, which buy the electricity from producers. Iran has over 100 companies that consume more than 20 MW of electricity. The average price of each kilowatt-hour of electricity is 450 rials (around 5 cents) during the first phase of the Subsidy Reform Law. The average final price of each kilowatt-hour of electricity will be 1000 rials (around 10 cents) in 2015. According to the government of Iran, power stations have to pay the export price of gas if they want to export electricity and must improve efficiency.

Iran's electricity export and related technical and engineering services exports was valued at $4 billion in 2011. In 2010, the total of Iran's electricity exports to Afghanistan, Iraq (650 MW), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Pakistan, and Turkey reached 878 megawatts, and the total of imports from Armenia (237 MW) and Turkmenistan was recorded at 463 megawatts. Jordan, India, Oman, Qatar, Russia, Syria, and the UAE are the new countries that have expressed interest in buying electricity from Iran.

Waste to energy

Fossil

Geothermal

Hydroelectric

In service

Proposed or under construction

Pumped-storage hydroelectric

Nuclear

In service

Under construction

Solar

In service

With about 300 clear sunny days a year and an average of 2,200 kilowatt-hours of solar radiation per square meter, Iran has a great potential to tap solar energy.

Under construction

Wind

Others

Decentralized power generation

In addition to the above power plants, there was 1800 MW cumulative installed capacity in 2011, which belonged to small -scale decentralized power plants, some of which were not connected to the national grid, and many being privately built and run. This capacity is planned for increase to more than 10,000 MW with emphasis on renewable energy and trigeneration. Similarly, there was 418 MW of capacity belonging to diesel-based plants supplying hard-to-reach areas.

References

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