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List of political parties in Russia

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This article discusses political parties in Russia.

The Russian Federation has a de jure multi-party system, however it operates as a dominant-party system. , six parties have members in the federal parliament, the State Duma, with one dominant party (United Russia). , 27 political parties are officially registered in the Russian Federation, 25 of which have the right to participate in elections.

History

thumb|right|200px|Certificate of state registration of political parties in Russia, issued by the [[Ministry of Justice (Russia)|Ministry of Justice of Russia]] After the Perestroika reforms in the 1980s Russia had over 100 registered parties, but the people elected to the State Duma represented only a small number of parties. After 2000, during Vladimir Putin's first presidency (2000–2008), the number of parties quickly decreased. From 2008 to 2012 there were only seven parties in Russia, and every new attempt to register new parties was blocked. The last registered party of this period was the government-organized Right Cause (now the Party of Growth) which was registered on 18 February 2009. Before the 2011 parliamentary election, about 10 opposition parties were denied registration.

In 2001, the federal law "On political parties" was adopted. All parties had to be re-registered. Parties have been assigned the status of the only type of public association that has the right to independently nominate candidates for deputies and other elective positions in government bodies. One of the major provisions of the law is the establishment of a single national status of a political party, and, as a result, the liquidation of regional and interregional political public associations. According to paragraph 1 of Article 3 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 95-FZ “On Political Parties”, a political party in Russia is recognized as "a public association created for the purpose of participation of citizens of the Russian Federation in the political life of society through the formation and expression of their political will, participation in public and political actions, in elections and referendums, as well as in order to represent the interests of citizens in state authorities and local governments".

In December 2004, amendments were introduced requiring a minimum number of party members of 50,000 and the presence of more than 45 regional branches of 500 people each. By January 1, 2006, all parties had to submit documents proving that their party structures complied with the requirements of the law on the minimum number of members and the number of regional branches.

In 2009, a bill was introduced to reduce the minimum number of party members from 50,000 to 45,000, and from 500 to 450 members in regional branches. This law came into effect on January 1, 2010. The minimum number of party members was reduced again on January 1, 2012, to 40,000 and to 400 members per regional branch.

On February 28, 2012, an election law was adopted meaning parties were exempted from collecting signatures and making a cash deposit for nominating a party and its candidate, and gubernatorial elections were restored. The number of required signatures for candidates for the presidential elections was reduced from 2 million to 100,000 for party candidates, and 300,000 for self-nominated candidates. The electoral threshold for parties was also reduced from 7% to 5%.

On March 20, 2012, the State Duma approved a presidential bill to reduce the minimum number of political party members from 40,000 to only 500 people, and from 500 to 5 members for a regional branch.

However, after a series of mass protests and a 2011 European Court decision on the case of the Republican Party of Russia (now the People's Freedom Party), the law changed and the number of registered parties quickly increased to more than 48 .

Party of Power

Main article: Party of power

A "party of power" refers to a political party that has a close relationship with the executive branch of government such that the party appears to function as an extension of the executive rather than as an autonomous political organization. The concept resembles that of a cartel party. These parties are considered by some to have been especially established for support of the incumbent president or prime minister in the Russian parliament:

  • Inter-regional Deputies Group/Democratic Russia (1990–1993, Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union/Congress of People's Deputies of Russia/Supreme Soviet of Russia)
  • Democratic Choice of Russia (1993–1994)
  • Our Home – Russia (1995–1999)
  • Unity (1999–2001/2003)
  • A Just Russia - For Truth (the second "party of power", supporting Vladimir Putin and opposing United Russia)
  • United Russia (2001–present)

Voter demographics

According to studies, United Russia voters in 2007 were younger and more market-oriented than the average voter. The party's electorate includes a substantial share of government employees, pensioners and military personnel, who are dependent on the state for their livelihood. Sixty-four percent of United Russia supporters are female. In the run-up to the 2011 Duma elections, it was reported that support for United Russia was growing among young people.

In April 2023, a survey on the issue of the dissolution of the United Russia Party was conducted among Russians. About 2,500 people participated in the survey, mostly aged 45+. The question was "Is it necessary to dissolve the United Russia party with the inability of its members to participate in political life in the future?" the answers were distributed as follows: 65% stated: "I am for dissolution without permission to participate in political life in the future", 3% stated "I am against dissolution", 6% stated "I am for dissolution, but with permission to participate in political life in the future", and 26% stated "I am for the dissolution of all bourgeois parties".

Current parties

All parties registered with the Ministry of Justice have the right to participate in any elections across the country. A list of registered parties is placed on the Ministry website. In December 2012, there were 48 registered parties in Russia; 7 of them are currently represented in the State Duma as of 2021.

Parties represented in the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly]]

PartyEst.LeaderIdeologyState DumaFederation CouncilRegionalPolitical
positionAlliancesUnited Russia}}"Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}"A Just Russia}}"Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}}"New People (political party)}}"Rodina (political party)}}"Civic Platform (Russia)}}"
[[File:ЕдРо (лог).svg50px]]**ER**
*ЕР*United Russia
*Единая Россия*2001Dmitry MedvedevStatism
Russian conservatism
Russian nationalismBig tentONF
[[File:KPRF Logo.svg50px]]**KPRF**
*КПРФ*Communist Party of the Russian Federation
*Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации*1993Gennady ZyuganovCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing nationalism
Neo-Stalinism (factions)Far-leftUCP–CPSU
**International:**
IMCWP
[[File:Справедливая Россия 2025.svg50px]]**SR**
*СР*A Just Russia
*Справедливая Россия*2006Sergey MironovSocial democracy
Democratic socialism
Social conservatism
Russian nationalismCentre to
centre-leftONF
[[File:Flag of the LDPR (Current version).svg50px]]**LDPR**
*ЛДПР*Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
*Либерально-демократическая партия России*1992Leonid SlutskyPan-Slavism
Monarchism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
UltranationalismRight-wing
to far-right
50px]]**NL**
*НЛ*New People
*Новые люди*2020Alexey NechayevCommunitarianism
Regionalism
Direct democracyCentre-rightSPPS
[[File:Partia logo new.svg50px]]**Rodina**
*Родина*Rodina
*Родина*2012Aleksey ZhuravlyovRussian nationalism
Russian conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populismFar-rightONF
[[File:Эмблема партии Гражданская Платформа.svg50px]]**GP**
*ГП*Civic Platform
*Гражданская платформа*2012Rifat ShaykhutdinovLiberal conservatism
Economic liberalismCentre-right

Parties represented in the [[Regional parliaments of Russia|regional parliaments]]

NameFoundedLeaderIdeologyRegional parliamentsPositionAlliancesRussian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice}}"Communists of Russia}}"Yabloko}}"Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"}}"Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"}}"Green Alternative (Russia)}}"Party of Direct Democracy (Russia)}}"
**RPPSJ**
*РППСС*Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice
*Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость*2012Erik PrazdnikovPensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politicsCentre
[[File:Logo of the Communists of Russia.svg50px]]**CPCR**
*КПКР*Communist Party "Communists of Russia"
*Коммунистическая партия «Коммунисты России»*2012Maxim SuraykinCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionismFar-left**International:**
IMCWP (observer)
[[File:Логотип Яблоко маленький прозрачный.svg50px]]**Yabloko**
*Яблоко*Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko"
*Российская объединённая демократическая партия «Яблоко»*1993Nikolay RybakovSocial liberalism
Progressivism
Feminism
Pro-EuropeanismCentre-left**International:**
LI
**European:**
EGP (associated faction)
**T-NV**
*Т-НВ*Tatarstan — New Age
*Татарстан — новый век*2023Rinat ZakirovTatar nationalism
Environmentalism
PutinismBig Tent
[[File:2023 logo of the Russian Ecological Party "The Greens".svg50px]]**The Greens**
*Зелёные*Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
*Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»*2012Green politics
AgrarianismCentre to centre-leftONF
EAGP
**GA!**
*ЗА!*Green Alternative
*Зелёная альтернатива*2020Ruslan KhvostovGreen politics
Environmentalism
Pro-EuropeanismCentre-left
[[File:The logo of the social protection Party.png50px]]**PSP**
*ПСЗ*Political party of Social Protection
*Политическая партия социальной защиты*2012Vladimir MikhailovSocial justiceCentre
50px]]**PDD**
*ППД*Party of Direct Democracy
*Партия прямой демократии*2020Oleg ArtamonovDirect democracy
E-democracyCentre-right

Parties in [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine]]

NameFoundedLeaderIdeologyLocationRepresentation in
regional legislature
Donetsk Republic (political party)}}"Donetsk Republic2005Denis PushilinRussian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Free Donbas}}"[[File:Free Donbas logo.svg50px]]Free Donbas2014Vladimir MedvedevRussian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Peace for Lugansk Region}}"[[File:Logo of the Peace for Lugansk Region.svg50px]]Peace to Luhanshchyna2014Leonid PasechnikDonbas separatism
Centrism (self-declared)
Luhansk Economic Union}}"Luhansk Economic Union2014Donbas separatism
Liberal conservatism
New Russia Party}}"[[File:War flag of Novorussia.svg50px]]New Russia Party2014Pavel Gubarev
Ekaterina GubarevaRussian nationalism
Eurasianism
[[File:Logo of the Volodymyr Saldo Bloc.png50px]]Volodymyr Saldo Bloc2019Vladimir SaldoKherson regionalism
Decentralization
Russophilia

List of registered parties

No.Full nameShort nameAbbr.IdeologyPositionLeader(s)CreatedRegistrationLast federal elections resultsFree access to the
[next legislative election](2026-russian-legislative-election)Note[Presidential](2024-russian-presidential-election)[Legislative](2021-russian-legislative-election)
1United Russia}};"[[File:ЕдРо_(лог).svg50px]]All-Russian political party "United Russia"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Единая Россия"United RussiaUR
ЕРConservatism (Russian)
Statism
Cultural nationalism (Russian)
PutinismBig tentDmitry Medvedev20012003*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)*49.82% (Party list)
45.86% (SMC)
(324 seats)
2Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};"[[File:KPRF Logo.svg50px]]Political party "Communist Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации"Communist PartyCPRF
КПРФCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic socialism
Soviet patriotism
Neo-StalinismFar-leftGennady Zyuganov199020024.37%
(Nikolay Kharitonov)18.93% (Party list)
16.35% (SMC)
(57 seats)
3Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};"[[File:Flag_of_the_LDPR_(Current_version).svg50px]]Political party LDPR – Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
Политическая партия ЛДПР – Либерально-демократическая партия РоссияLiberal Democratic PartyLDPR
ЛДПРRussian ultranationalism
Right-wing populism
Social conservatism
Economic interventionism
Pan-SlavismRight-wing to far-rightLeonid Slutsky199220023.24
(Leonid Slutsky)7.55% (Party list)
5.89% (SMC)
(21 seats)
4Yabloko}};"[[File:Логотип Яблоко маленький прозрачный.svg50px]]Political party "Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko""
Политическая партия "Российская объединенная демократическая партия "Яблоко"Yabloko
ЯблокоSocial liberalism
Progressivism
Feminism
Pro-EuropeanismCentre to centre-leftNikolay Rybakov19952003*DNP*1.34% (Party list)
1.99% (SMC)
(0 seats)[MJ profile](https://minjust.gov.ru/ru/documents/7771/)
[CEC profile](http://www.cikrf.ru/politparty/interaktivnyy-spravochnik/?ELEMENT_ID=55234)
[Website](https://www.yabloko.ru)
5A Just Russia – For Truth}};"[[File:Logo of the A Just Russia — Patriots — For Truth.svg50px]]Socialist Political Party "A Just Russia"
Социалистическая политическая партия "Справедливая Россия"A Just Russia – For TruthSRZP
СРЗПSocial democracy
Democratic socialism
National conservatism
EurasianismCentre to Centre-leftSergey Mironov
Zakhar Prilepin20062006*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)*7.46% (Party list)
8.78% (SMC)
(27 seats)
6Democratic Party of Russia}};"[[File:DPR logo.svg50px]]Political party "Democratic Party of Russia"
Политическая партия "Демократическая партия России"Democratic PartyDPR
ДПРConservatism
PopulismCentre-right to right-wingAlexander Zorin19902012*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)**DNP*
7[[File:Политическая партия «Партия прогресса».png50px]]Political Party "Party of Progress"
Политическая партия "Партия прогресса"Party of ProgressPP
ППAndrey Poda20122012*DNP**DNP*
8Russian Party of Freedom and Justice}};"50px]]Political party "Russian Party of Freedom and Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия свободы и справедливости"Party of Freedom and JusticeRPFJ
РПССSocial democracy
Russian nationalism
Patriotism
FederalismCentre-leftIlmi Shagan20122012*DNP*0.77% (Party list)
0.68% (SMC)
(0 seats)
9Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"}};"[[File:2023 logo of the Russian Ecological Party "The Greens".svg50px]]Political party "Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Политическая партия "Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»REP "The Greens"
РЭП «Зелёные»Green politics
AgrarianismCentre
Alexandra Kudzagova
Sergey Shakhmatov
Rufina Shagapova19932012*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)*0.91% (Party list)
0.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)[MJ profile](https://web.archive.org/web/20210903095430/https://minjust.gov.ru/ru/documents/7784/)
[CEC profile](http://www.cikrf.ru/politparty/interaktivnyy-spravochnik/?ELEMENT_ID=55238)
[Website](https://greens.ru/)
10Communists of Russia}};"[[File:Logo_of_the_Communists_of_Russia.svg50px]]Political party Communist Party Communists of Russia
Политическая партия Коммунистическая партия Коммунисты РоссииCommunists of RussiaCPCR
КПКРCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionismFar-leftSergey Malinkovich20092012*DNP*1.27% (Party list)
2.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)
11[[File:Партия за справедливость.jpg50px]]All-Russian political party "Party for Fairness!"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Партия за справедливость!"Party for Fairness!PARZAS!
ПАРЗАС!Social democracyCentre-leftVladimir Ponomarenko20122012*DNP**DNP*
12[[File:The logo of the social protection Party.png50px]]Political party of Social Protection
Политическая партия социальной защитыParty of Social ProtectionPSP
ПСЗPopulismVladimir Mikhailov20122012*DNP**DNP*
13Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice}};"Political party "Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость"Party of PensionersRPPSJ
РППССPensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politicsCentreErik Prazdnikov19972012*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)*2.45% (Party list)
3.58% (SMC)
(0 seats)
14Civic Platform (Russia)}};"[[File:Эмблема_партии_Гражданская_Платформа.svg50px]]Political party "Civic Platform"
Политическая партия "Гражданская платформа"Civic PlatformCP
ГПConservatism
Economic liberalismRight-wingRifat Shaykhutdinov20122012*DNP*0.15% (Party list)
0.70% (SMC)
(1 seat)
15Rodina (political party)}};"[[File:Partia_logo_new.svg50px]]All-Russian political party "Rodina"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Родина"Rodina
РодинаRussian nationalism
Russian conservatism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populismFar-rightAleksey Zhuravlyov20032012*DNP*
*(endorsed Vladimir Putin)*0.80% (Party list)
1.51% (SMC)
(1 seat)[MJ profile](https://minjust.gov.ru/ru/documents/7794/)
[CEC profile](http://www.cikrf.ru/politparty/interaktivnyy-spravochnik/?ELEMENT_ID=55233)
[Website](https://rodina.ru)
16Political party "Cossack Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Казачья партия Российской Федерации"Cossack PartyCosPRF
КаПРФCossack interests
Christian conservatismRight-wingSergey Kolosok20132013*DNP**DNP*
17Party of Russia's Rebirth}};"[[File:PVR_logo.svg50px]]Political party "Party of Russia's Rebirth"
Политическая партия "Партия возрождения России"Party of Russia's RebirthPRR
ПВРSocial democracy
Democratic socialismCentre-leftIgor Ashurbeyli20022013*DNP**DNP*
18New People (political party)}};"50px]]Political party "New People"
Политическая партия «Новые люди»New PeopleNP
НЛLiberalism
Communitarism
RegionalismCentre to centre-rightAlexey Nechayev202020203.90%
(Vladislav Davankov)5.32% (Party list)
4.88% (SMC)
(13 seats)
19Green Alternative (Russia)}};"Political party "Green Alternative"
Политическая партия «Зелёная альтернатива»Green AlternativeGA
ЗАGreen politics
Environmentalism
Pro-EuropeanismCentre-leftRuslan Khvostov20202020*DNP*0.64% (Party list)
0.22% (SMC)
(0 seats)
20Party of Direct Democracy (Russia)}};"50px]]Political party "Party of Direct Democracy"
Политическая партия «Партия прямой демократии»Party of Direct DemocracyPDD
ППДDirect democracy
E-democracyCentre to centre-rightOleg Artamonov20202020*DNP**DNP*

Historical parties (1991–present)

Far-left

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeCommunist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic}};"Russian Communist Workers Party}};"Socialist Resistance (Russia)}};"Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union}};"Socialist League Vpered}};"
[[File:Значок КАС.jpg60px]]Confederation of Anarcho-Syndicalists
*Конфедерация анархо-синдикалистов*CAS
*КАС*
Anarcho-syndicalism
Syndicalism1988–1995
Committee for Workers' Democracy and International Socialism
*Комитет за рабочую демократию и международный социализм*CWDIS
*КРДМС*Marxism
Trotskyism1990–1999
Succeeded by RWP
Party of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat
*Партия диктатуры пролетариата*PDP
*ПДП*Grigory IsayevCommunism
Proletarian internationalism1990–2020
[[File:Emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1978–1991), Emblem of the Russian Federation (1991–1992).svg60px]]Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
*Коммунистическая партия Российской Советской Федеративной Социалистической Республики*CP RSFSR
*КП РСФСР*
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing nationalism1990–1993
(banned in 1991)
Succeeded by CPRF
Russian Communist Workers Party
*Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия*RCWP
*РКРП*Viktor Anpilov
Viktor TyulkinCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Stalinism1991–2001
Merged into RCWP-RPC
*Российская партия коммунистов*
*Революционная партия коммунистов*RPC
*РПК*Communism
Marxism1991–2001
Merged into RCWP-RPC
*Коммунисты — Трудовая Россия — За Советский Союз*KTR
*КТР*Viktor Tyulkin
Viktor AnpilovCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Soviet patriotism1995–1999
Stalin Bloc – For the USSR
*Сталинский блок — За СССР*SB
*СБ*Yevgeny Dzhugashvili
Viktor Anpilov
Communism
Stalinism
Marxism-Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Soviet patriotism
National Communism1997–1999
[[File:Logo of the Socialist Resistance (Russia).svg60px]]Socialist Resistance
*Социалистическое сопротивление*SocSopr
*СоцСопр**Collective leadership*Socialism
Trotskyism1998–2011
Successed by SA
60px]]Russian Communist Workers' Party – Revolutionary Party of Communists
*Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия – Революционная партия коммунистов*RCWP-RPC
*РКРП-РПК*Viktor TyulkinCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism2001–2007
(officially deregistered)
[[File:Flag of the Resistance Movement named after Petr Alexeev.png60px]]Pyotr Alexeyev Resistance Movement
*Движение сопротивления имени Петра Алексеева*DSPA
*ДСПА*Dmitry ZhvaniaSocialism
Self-management socialism2004–2012
[[File:Logo of the All-Russian Communist Party of the Future.svg60px]]
*Всероссийская коммунистическая партия будущего*VKPB
*ВКПБ*Vladimir Tikhonov
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Soviet patriotism2004–2009
[[File:Logo Vpered.gif60px]]Socialist League "Forward"
*Социалистическое движение «Вперёд»*SLV
*СДВ**Collective leadership*Trotskyism
Eco-socialism
Socialist feminism2005–2011
Merged into RSM
60px]]
*Межпрофессиональный союз трудящихся*MPST
*МПСТ**Collective leadership*Anarcho-communism
Anarcho-syndicalism2008–2019
[[File:Logo of the Russian Labour Front.svg60px]]Russian United Labour Front
*Российский объединённый трудовой фронт*ROT FRONT
*РОТ ФРОНТ*Viktor Tyulkin
Sergei UdaltsovCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Socialism2010–2020
(officially deregistered)
[[File:Logo of the Russian Maoist Party (2022).svg60px]]Russian Maoist Party
*Российская маоистская партия*RMP
*РМП*Communism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Anti-revisionism
Proletarian internationalism
Marxist feminism2000

Left-wing

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeAgrarian Party of Russia}};"Socialist United Party of Russia}};"Patriots of Russia}};"
Civil United Green Alternative
*Гражданская объединённая зелёная альтернатива*GROZA
*ГРОЗА*Oleg Mitvol (2009–2012)Green politics
Alter-globalism
Anti-fascism
Social justice1991–2012
[[File:Logo of the Labour Party (Russia).svg60px]]
*Партия труда*PT
*ПТ*Oleg SmolinDemocratic socialism
Syndicalism1992–1994
[[File:Logo of the Agrarian Party of Russia (2013).svg60px]]Agrarian Party of Russia
*Аграрная партия России*APR
*АПР*Mikhail Lapshin Vladimir PlotnikovAgrarian socialism
Collectivist anarchism1993–2008
Merged into United Russia
Re-founded in 2012
Socialist United Party of Russia
*Социалистическая единая партия России*SEPR
*СЕПР*Alexey Podberezkin
Ivan Rybkin
Socialism
Socialist patriotism
Christian left2002–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
[[File:Patriots of Russia (party).png60px]]Patriots of Russia
*Патриоты России*PR
*ПР*Gennady SemiginDemocratic socialism
Social democracy
Left-wing nationalism
Soviet patriotism2005–2021
Merged into SRZP

Centre-left

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeCivic Union (Russia)}};"Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"}};"Russian Party of Social Democracy}};"Ivan Rybkin Bloc}};"Party of Workers' Self-Government}};"Party of Russia's Rebirth}}"Social Democratic Party of Russia}};"Party of Social Justice}};"Union of Greens of Russia}};"Green Alliance (Russia)}};"
Social Democratic Party of Russia
*Социал-демократическая партия России*SDPR
*СДПР*
Social democracy
Social liberalism
Democratic socialism1990–2011
Civic Union
*Гражданский союз*CU
*ГС*Arkady VolskySocial democracy
Anti-Yeltsinism
Federalism1992–1994
Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
*Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»*REP "The Greens"
*РЭП «Зелёные»*
Green politics
Environmentalism1992–2008
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
Russian Party of Social Democracy
*Российская партия социальной демократии*RPSD
*РПСД*Alexander Yakovlev
Konstantin TitovSocial democracy
Liberal democracy1994–2002
Merged into SDPR
[[File:Logo of the Ivan Rybkin Bloc.svg60px]]Ivan Rybkin Bloc
*Блок Ивана Рыбкина*Rybkin Bloc
*Блок Рыбкина*Ivan RybkinSocial democracy
Agrarianism1995–1995
Trade Unions and Industrialists – Union of Labour
*Профсоюзы – Промышленники России – Союз труда*ST
*СТ*Trade unionism
Industrialism1995–1996
Party of Workers' Self-Government
*Партия самоуправления трудящихся*PST
*ПСТ*Svyatoslav FyodorovSocial democracy
Social liberalism1995–2006
Russian United Social Democratic Party
*Российская объединённая социал-демократическая партия*RUSDP
*РОСДП*Mikhail GorbachevSocial democracy2000–2001
Reorganized to SDPR
[[File:PVR logo.svg60px]]Party of Russia's Rebirth
*Партия возрождения России*PVR
*ПВР*Gennady SeleznyovSocial democracy
Democratic socialism
Humanism
Federalism
Civic nationalism2000–2008
Merged into Patriots of Russia
Re-founded in 2012
Social Democratic Party of Russia
*Социал-демократическая партия России*SDPR
*СДПР*Mikhail Gorbachev
Konstantin TitovSocial democracy
Democratic socialism2001–2007
Succeeded by USD
Party of Social Justice
*Партия социальной справедливости*PSJ
*ПСС*Vladimir Kishenin
Alexey PodberezkinDemocratic socialism
Progressivism
Social conservatism2002–2008
Merged into A Just Russia
Union of Greens of Russia
*Союз зелёных России*UGR
*СЗР*Alexey YablokovGreen politics
Environmentalism
Civil rights2004–2006
Merged into Yabloko
Union of Social Democrats
*Союз социал-демократов*USD
*ССД*Mikhail GorbachevSocial democracy2007–2013
Green Alliance
*Альянс зелёных*GA
*АЗ*Oleg Mitvol
Gleb FetisovGrassroots democracy
Green politics
Social democracy2012–2019
Social Democratic Party of Russia
*Социал-демократическая партия России*SDPR
*СДПР*Sirazhdin RamazanovSocial democracy2012–2019

Centrist

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeRussian Democratic Reform Movement}};"Dignity and Charity}};"Future of Russia–New Names}};"Women of Russia}};"Party of Russian Unity and Accord}};"Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice}};"Fatherland – All Russia}};"People's Party of the Russian Federation}};"Russian Party of Life}};"Our Choice (Russia)}};"Russian People's Democratic Union}};"People's Freedom Party "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption"}};"Agrarian Party of Russia}};"
Russian Democratic Reform Movement
*Российское движение демократических реформ*RDRM
*РДДР*Gavriil Popov
Anatoly SobchakLiberal democracy
Pro-CIS
Federalism1992–1995
Dignity and Charity
*Достоинство и милосердие*DC
*ДМ*
Nikolai Gubenko
Vyacheslav GrishinDisability rights
Federalism1993–1993
Future of Russia — New Names
*Будущее России — Новые имена*BRNI
*БРНИ*Vyacheslav LashchevskyYouth politics
Social policies1993–1994
Women of Russia
*Женщины России*ZhR
*ЖР*Alevtina Fedulova
Yekaterina LakhovaFeminism
Women's rights1993–1999
Party of Russian Unity and Accord
*Партия российского единства и согласия*PRES
*ПРЕС*Sergey ShakhrayReformism1993–1999
Merged into Unity
Russian Party of Pensioners
*Российская партия пенсионеров*RPP
*РПП*Sergei Atroshenko
Igor ZotovPensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics
Social conservatism1997–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
Fatherland – All Russia
*Отечество – Вся Россия*OVR
*ОВР*Yury Luzhkov
Yevgeny PrimakovCivic nationalism
Social liberalism
Regionalism1998–2002
Merged into United Russia
People's Party of the Russian Federation
*Народная партия Российской Федерации*NPRF
*НПРФ*Gennady Raikov
Gennady GudkovCentrism
Lobbyism1999–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
Russian Party of Life
*Российская партия жизни*RPL
*РПЖ*Sergey MironovEconomic liberalism
Third Way
Russian nationalism2002–2006
Merged into A Just Russia
Union of People for Education and Science
*Союз людей за образование и науку*UPES
*СЛОН*Social liberalism
Support of science and education2002–2007
Civilian Power
*Гражданская сила*GS
*ГС*
Mikhail BarshchevskyGreen politics2002–2008
Merged into Right Cause
2012–2025
[[File:Logo of the Committee 2008.png60px]]Committee 2008: A Free Choice
*Комитет 2008: Свободный выбор*Committee 2008
*Комитет 2008*Garry KasparovLiberalism
Liberal democracy2004–2005
Succeeded by The Other Russia
[[File:Logo of the Our Choice (Russia).png60px]]Russian Democratic Party "Our Choice"
*Российская демократическая партия «Наш выбор»*Our Choice
*Наш выбор*Irina KhakamadaLiberalism
Social liberalism2004–2006
Merged into RNDS
[[File:Logo of the Yabloko — United Democrats.png60px]]Yabloko-United Democrats
*Яблоко — Объединённые демократы*Yabloko-UD
*Яблоко-ОД*Social liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Green politics
Pro-Europeanism2005–2005
Russian People's Democratic Union
*Российский народно-демократический союз*RNDS
*РНДС*Mikhail KasyanovLiberalism2006–2012
Merged into RPR–PARNAS
[[File:Logo of The Other Russia (Coalition).png60px]]The Other Russia
*Другая Россия*DR
*ДР*Garry Kasparov
Eduard Limonov
Mikhail KasyanovBig tent
Liberal democracy
National democracy
Social democracy
Social liberalism
Civic nationalism
National bolshevism2006–2010
[[File:Logo of the Independent Democratic Party of Russia.png60px]]Independent Democratic Party of Russia
*Независимая демократическая партия России*IDPR
*НДПР*Mikhail Gorbachev
Alexander LebedevLiberalism
Social liberalism2008–2014/16
People's Freedom Party "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption"
*Партия народной свободы «За Россию без произвола и коррупции»*PARNAS
*ПАРНАС*Mikhail Kasyanov
Vladimir Milov
Boris Nemtsov
Vladimir RyzhkovLiberalism
Liberal democracy
Anti-corruption2010–2012
Succeeded by RPR–PARNAS
[[File:NPR (2012).svg60px]]People's Party of Russia
*Народная партия России*PPR
*НПР*Andrei Bogdanov
Stanislav AranovichCentrism
Populism
Anarchism *(factions)*2012–2019
[[File:Logo of the Agrarian Party of Russia (2013).svg60px]]Agrarian Party of Russia
*Аграрная партия России*APR
*АПР*Olga BashmachnikovaAgrarianism
Agricultural policy
Centrism2012–2019
Party of Pensioners of Russia
*Партия пенсионеров России*PPR
*ППР*
Nikolay ChebotarevPensioners' interests2012–2019
Party of Good DeedsPDD
*ПДД*Populism
Environmentalism2014–2022

Centre-right

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeChristian Democratic Party of Russia}};"Party of Economic Freedom}};"Democratic Choice of Russia}};"Forward, Russia!}};"Our Home – Russia}};"Democratic Choice of Russia – United Democrats}};"Union of Right Forces}};"New Course — Automobile Russia}};"Right Cause}};"Party of Growth}}"Civic Initiative}}"
Democratic Union
*Демократический союз*DU
*ДС*Valeriya NovodvorskayaClassical liberalism
Neoliberalism
*Laissez-faire*
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism1988–2014
Conservative Party of Russia
*Консервативная партия России*CPR
*КПР*Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
Anti-communism1989–2005
[[File:Logo of the Peasant Party of Russia.png60px]]Peasant Party of Russia
*Крестьянская партия России*KPR
*КПР*Liberalism
Agrarianism
Anti-communism1990–1999
Russian Christian Democratic Party
*Российская христианско-демократическая партия*RCDP
*РХДП*Christian democracy
Conservatism1990–2002
[[File:Logo of the Party of Economic Freedom (Russia).png60px]]Party of Economic Freedom
*Партия экономической свободы*PEF
*ПЭС*Konstantin BorovoyLiberalism
Neoconservatism
Economic liberalism1992–2003
Merged into SPS
Democratic Choice of Russia
*Демократический выбор России*DVR
*ДВР*Yegor GaidarLiberalism
Conservative liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Economic liberalism1993–2001
Merged into SPS
60px]]Forward, Russia!
*Вперёд, Россия!*FR
*ВР*Boris FyodorovLiberal democracy
Liberal conservatism
Patriotism
Conservatism1995–2002
Merged into RPR
[[File:Logo of the Our Home – Russia.svg60px]]Our Home – Russia
*Наш дом — Россия*NDR
*НДР*Viktor ChernomyrdinLiberalism
Liberal conservatism
Fiscal conservatism1995–2006
Merged into United Russia
[[File:Logo of the Democratic Choice of Russia – United Democrats.png60px]]Democratic Choice of Russia – United Democrats
*Демократический выбор России — Объединенные демократы*DVR-OD
*ДВР-ОД*Yegor GaidarLiberal conservatism
Anti-communism1995–1995
[[File:Союз правых сил.svg60px]]Union of Right Forces
*Союз правых сил*SPS
*СПС*Sergey Kiriyenko
Boris Nemtsov
Nikita Belykh
Leonid GozmanLiberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Neoliberalism
Economic liberalism
Pro-Europeanism1999–2008
Succeeded by Right Cause
Liberal Russia
*Либеральная Россия*LR
*ЛР*
Sergei Yushenkov
Boris BerezovskyLiberalism
Liberal conservatism2000–2004
New Course — Automobile Russia
*Новый курс — Автомобильная Россия*NCAR
*НКАР*
Boris Fyodorov
Leonid OlshanskyLiberalism
Liberal conservatism
Drivers' rights
Anti-militarism2003–2003
People's Party "For Women of Russia"
*Народная партия «За женщин России»*NPZZhR
*НПЗЖР*Galina Latysheva
Galina KhavraevaWomen's rights
Conservatism
Neoconservatism
Single-issue party2007–2019
[[File:Логотип партии "Правое дело".svg60px]]Right Cause
*Правое дело*PD
*ПД*Boris Titov
Mikhail Prokhorov
Leonid Gozman
Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism
Pro-Europeanism
**in 2012-2016:**
National democracy
National patriotism2008–2016
Succeeded by Party of Growth
[[File:Logo of the Party of Growth (2020).svg50px]]Party of Growth
*Партия роста***PR**
*ПР*Boris TitovLiberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism2016–2024
[[File:Гражданская инициатива лого.svg50px]]Civic InitiativeAndrey NechayevLiberalism
Conservative liberalism2013–2025

Right-wing

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeRussian All-People's Union}};"Derzhava (Russian party)}};"Russian Socialist Party}};"Unity (Russian political party)}};"People's Union (Russia)}};"
Constitutional Democratic Party – Party of Popular Freedom
*Конституционно-демократическая партия – Партия народной свободы*KDP-PNS
*КДП-ПНС*Mikhail Astafyev
Sergei RogozinRussian nationalism
National conservatism
Constitutionalism
Anti-Yeltsinism1991–2001
Merged into People's Will
Re-founded in 2008
[[File:Logo of the Russian All-People's Union.svg60px]]Russian All-People's Union
*Российский общенародный союз*ROS
*РОС*Sergey BaburinNational conservatism
Russian nationalism
Pochvennichestvo
Right-wing socialismSocial conservatism1991–2001
Merged into People's Will
Re-founded in 2008, Dissolved in 2025
Congress of Russian Communities
*Конгресс русских общин*CRC
*КРО*Dmitry Rogozin
Alexander Lebed
Yury SkokovRussian nationalism
National conservatism
Traditionalism1992–2004
Merged into Rodina in 2004
Re-founded in 2006
Merged into Rodina in 2012
Popular Patriotic Party
*Народно-патриотическая партия*NPP
*НПП*Alexander Kotenev
Anatoly GilRussian nationalism
Social conservatism
Veterans of Afghan war' interests
Yeltsinism1992–1999
Merged into Unity
Social Patriotic Movement "Power"
*Социал-патриотическое движение «Держава»*Derzhava
*Держава*Alexander Rutskoy
Konstantin ZatulinRussian nationalism
Social conservatism
Patriotism
Social patriotism
Right-wing populism
Pan-Slavism1995–1999
Merged into OVR
Power to the People!
*Власть — народу!*VN
*ВН*Nikolai Ryzhkov
Sergey Baburin
Yelena ShuvalovaPatriotism
Social conservatism
Pochvennichestvo
Right-wing socialism1995–1995
*Народно-республиканская партия России*NRPR
*НРПР*Alexander Lebed
Vladimir KushnerenkoNational conservatism
Social conservatism
Third way
Statism1995–2007
Russian Socialist Party
*Русская социалистическая партия*RSP
*РСП*Vladimir BryntsalovModerate conservatism
Traditionalism
Social conservatism1996–2001
Merged into United Russia
Inter-Regional Movement "Unity"
*Межрегиональное движение "Единство"*Unity
*Единство*Sergey Shoygu
Vladimir PutinConservatism
Fiscal conservatism
Russian nationalism
Centrism (officially)1999–2001
Reorganized to United Russia
[[File:Narodnyi soyuz Logo.svg60px]]
[[File:Logo of the People's Will (Russian political party, 2001-2007).png60px]]People's Union
*Народный союз*
Party of National Revival "People's Will"
*Партия национального возрождения «Народная Воля»*NS
*НС*
Narodnaya Volya
*Народная Воля*Sergey BaburinRussian nationalism
Conservatism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Pochvennichestvo
Patriotism2001–2008
Successed by ROS
*За Русь святую*ZRS
*ЗРС*Christian patriorism
Conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing socialism
Patriotism2002–2005
[[File:Flag of the Russian Empire (black-yellow-white).svg60px]]Monarchist Party of Russia
*Монархическая партия России*MPR
*МПР*Anton Bakov
Karl Emich of LeiningenRestoration of the Russian monarchy
Constitutional monarchism
Russian conservatism2012–Present
[[File:LogoPVO.svg60px]]Great Fatherland Party
*Партия Великое Отечество*PVO
*ПВО*Nikolai StarikovConservatism
National conservatism
Russian nationalism
Centrism2013–2020

Far-right

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears active
[[File:Flag of the National Patriotic Front.svg60px]]National Patriotic Front "Memory"
*Национально-патриотический фронт «Память»*Pamyat
*Память*Dmitri VasilyevRussian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Orthodox nationalism
Christian fundamentalism
Anti-communism
antisemitism
Anti-zionism
Anti-Masonry
Traditionalism
National conservatism
Monarchism
[[File:National Republican Party of Russia.png60px]]National Republican Party of Russia
*Национально-республиканская партия России*NRPR
*НРПР*Russian ultranationalism
Mono-national state
Anti-internationalism
Anti-cosmopolitanism
Anti-communism
[[File:Russian National Unity Emblem.svg60px]]Russian National Unity
*Русское национальное единство*RNU
*РНЕ*Alexander BarkashovNeo-Nazism
Russian nationalism
Antisemitism
Islamophobia
Anti-immigration
Anti-communism
Third Position
[[File:Flag of Russia (1914-1917) colored.svg60px]]Russian All-National Union
*Русский общенациональный союз*RONS
*РОНС*Russian ultranationalism
Orthodox nationalism
Christian fundamentalism
National capitalism
White nationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-Sovietism
Antisemitism
Anti-LGBT
Pan-Slavism
People's Liberation Movement "Ours"
*Народно-освободительное движение «Наши»*Nashi
*Наши*Alexander NevzorovRussian nationalism
Soviet nationalism
Statism
Chauvinism
Russian Party
*Русская партия*RP
*РП*Viktor Korchagin
Vladimir MiloserdovRussian ultranationalism
Russian irredentism
Antisemitism
Economic liberalism
Anti-Christianity
60px]]Front of National Revolutionary Action
*Фронт национал-революционного действия*FNRD
*ФНРД*Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary nationalism
Neo-Fascism
Neo-Nazism
Strasserism
Antisemitism
Russian imperialism
Orthodox fundamentalism
[[File:Flag of the NSDAP (1920–1945).svg60px]]Oprichny Dvor
*Опричный двор*
National Socialist Russian Workers' Party
*Национал-социалистическая русская рабочая партия*Oprichniks
*Опричники*
NSRWP
*НСРРП*Mikhail Yurievich GlukhovMikhail GlukhovRussian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Neo-Nazism
Anti-Americanism
Anti-Turkism
Anti-communism
[[File:Flag of Russian National Union.svg60px]]Russian National Union
*Русский национальный союз*
Russian National Socialist Party
*Русская национальная социалистическая партия*RNU
*РНС*
RNSP
*РНСП*Konstantin KasimovskyNeo-Nazism
White power
Racism
Antisemitism
Anti-caucasian
Orthodox nationalism
*Партия свободы*PS
*ПС*Russian ultranationalism
Neo-nazism
Neo-fascism
White nationalism
Anti-immigration
Anti-democracy
antisemitism
Anti-communism
60px]]People's National Party
*Народная национальная партия*PNP
*ННП*Aleksandr Ivanov-SukharevskyRussian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Neo-Nazism
White nationalism
Racism
Antisemitism
Statism
[[File:SlavS.svg60px]]Slavic Union
*Славянский союз*SS
*СС*Dmitry DemushkinNeo-Nazism
White supremacism
Pan-Slavism
Anti-communism
Xenophobia
Antisemitism
Anti-LGBT
Conceptual Party "Unity"
*Концептуальная партия «Единение»*CPU
*КПЕ**Social Security Conception
of Dead Water*
Conspiracy theory
Occultism
Neopaganism
Neo-Stalinism
antisemitism
Anti-communism
Anti-Christianity
Anti-Western sentiment
New Russian National Unity
*Новое Русское национальное единство*VOPD RNU
*ВОПД РНЕ*Mikhail Lalochkin
Yevgeny LalochkinNeo-Nazism
Russian ultranationalism
Monarchism
Orthodox nationalism
Xenophobia
National Sovereignty Party of Russia
*Национально-державная партия России*NDPR
*НДПР*Alexander Sevastyanov
Stanislav TerekhovRussian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Antisemitism
[[File:Dpni logo.svg60px]]Movement Against Illegal Immigration
*Движение против нелегальной иммиграции*DPNI
*ДПНИ*
Alexander Belov
Vladimir YermolayevRussian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Anti-immigration
Xenophobia
Anti-Islam
[[File:Flag of National Socialist Society 01.svg60px]]National Socialist Society
*Национал-социалистическое общество*NSO
*НСО*Political CouncilNeo-Nazism
Neo-fascism
Russian ultranationalism
[[File:Swarog-1.gif50px]]Northern Brotherhood
*Северное братство*NB
*СБ*Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Russian separatism
Neo-Nazism
Anti-immigration
Anti-caucasian
Antisemitism
Nordicism
People's Militia named after Minin and Pozharsky
*Народное ополчение имени Минина и Пожарского*NOMP
*НОМП*Vladimir KvachkovRussian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Antisemitism
Militarism
Orthodox nationalism
Soviet patriotism
[[File:Logo of the Russians (Nationalist movement).png60px]]Ethno-political Association "Russians"
*Этнополитическое объединение «Русские»*Russians
*Русские*Dmitry Demushkin
Alexander BelovRussian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Anti-immigration
[[File:Bandera Canton de Dota.svg60px]]Nation and Freedom Committee
*Комитет «Нация и свобода»*NFC
*КНС*Russian ultranationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-immigration
European nationalism
Pan-Slavism
60px]]Male State
*Мужское государство*MG
*МГ*National patriarchy
Russian ultranationalism
Antifeminism
Homophobia
Anti-immigration

Syncretic

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeNational Bolshevik Party}};"Beer Lovers Party (Russia)}};"Party of Peace and Unity}}"For Truth}};"
National Salvation Front
*Фронт национального спасения*NSF
*ФНС**Collective leadership*Statism
National patriotism
Russian nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Soviet patriotism
Anti-Yeltsinism1992–1994
(banned in 1993)
[[File:National Bolshevik Party flag.svg50px]]National Bolshevik Party
*Национал-большевистская партия*NBP
*НБП*Eduard LimonovNational Bolshevism
Russian nationalism
Neo-Sovietism
Russian irredentism
Anti-Western sentiment1993–2007
Succeeded by The Other Russia
Beer Lovers Party
*Партия любителей пива*BLP
*ПЛП*Dmitry Shestakov
Joke party
Patriotism
Protectionism
Environmentalism
Anti-establishment1993–1998
Spiritual Heritage
*Духовное наследие*SH
*ДН*Alexey PodberezkinRussian nationalism
Moderate nationalism
Patriotism
Statism1995–2002
Party of Peace and Unity
*Партия мира и единства*PME
*ПМЕ*Sazhi UmalatovaInternationalism
Eurasianism
Putinism
Anti-Americanism
Soviet nationalism1996–2008
Merged into Patriots of Russia
Re-founded in 2012
[[File:Logo of the People's Patriotic Union of Russia.svg50px]]People's Patriotic Union of Russia
*Народно-патриотический союз России*NPSR
*НПСР*Gennady Zyuganov
Gennady SemiginPatriotism
Nationalism
Statism
Soviet patriotism1996–2010
Merged into Patriots of Russia
[[File:Logo of the People's Will Army.png60px]]People's Will Army
*Армия воли народа*
For Responsible Government
*За ответственную власть*AVN
*АВН*
ZOV
*ЗОВ*Yury MukhinDelocracy
Russian nationalism
National democracy
Left-wing nationalism
Anti-Bureaucracy
Neo-Stalinism
antisemitism1997–2011
2011–2015
[[File:Party RODINA (Russia).svg60px]]National Patriotic Union "Rodina"
*Народно-патриотический союз «Родина»*NPS "Rodina"
*НПС «Родина»*Dmitry Rogozin
Sergey Glazyev
Yury SkokovRussian patriotism
Social democracy
Protectionism
Economic nationalism2003–2006
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
60px]]National Bolshevik Front
*Национал-большевистский фронт*NBF
*НБФ*Alexei Golubovich
Maksim ShurkinNational Bolshevism
Eurasianism
Anti-Limonov tendency
Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary socialism
Left-wing nationalism
Anti-liberalism
**Factions**:
Strasserism
Antisemitism
Ethnocentrism2006–2016
[[File:Logo of the Artpodgotovka.svg60px]]Interregional Social Movement "Artpodgotovka"
*Межрегиональное общественное движение «Артподготовка»*Artpodgotovka
*Артподготовка*Vyacheslav MaltsevPopulism
National democracy
Russian nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism
Anti-communism
Liberalism
Direct democracy2013–2017
[[File:Logo of the For Truth (Political party, Russia).svg60px]]For Truth
*За правду*ZP
*ЗП*Zakhar PrilepinNational conservatism
Paternalistic conservatism
Russian nationalism
Anti-liberalism
Authoritarian capitalism
National patriotism
Hard euroscepticism2020–2021
Merged into SRZP

Regionalist parties

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyPolitical positionYears activeCommunist Party of the Soviet Union}};"Fatherland Socialist Party}}"Russian Unity}};"
[[File:Circassian flag.svg60px]]Adyghe Hase
*Адыгэ Хасэ*AH
*АГ*{{plainlistCircassian nationalismBig tent1988–present (Adygea, Krasnodar Krai)
1988–1993 (Kabardino-Balkaria)
1989–1995 (Karachay-Cherkessia)
Nijsxo
*Нийсхо*N
*Н*Issa DashlakiyevIngush nationalismBig tent1988–present
(unregistered)
Khostug Tyva
*Свободная Тува
Хостуг Тыва*KhT
*СТ*
ХТKaadyr-ool BicheldeyTuvan nationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-Russian sentiment
Pan-TurkismBig tent1989–?
Sakha Omuk
*Саха Омук*SO
*СО*Yakut nationalism
Anti-communism
Pan-TurkismBig tent1990–1994
[[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg60px]]Vainakh Democratic Party
*Вайнахская демократическая партия
Вайнехан Демократан Цхьанкхетаралла*VDP
*ВДП
ВДЦ*Zelimkhan YandarbievChechen separatism
Chechen nationalism
Anti-communismBig tent1990–1993
Buryat-Mongolian People's Party
*Бурят-Монгольская народная партия
Буряад-Монгол Арадай Нам*BMPP
*БМНП
БМАН*Mikhail OchirovBuryat nationalism
Pan-Mongolism
Anti-communismBig tent1990–1997
[[File:Emblem of the Tatarstan ASSR.svg60px]]Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
*Коммунистическая партия Республики Татарстан
Татарстан Республикасы коммунистлар партиясе*CPRT
*КПРТ
ТРКП*Robert Sadykov
Communism
Marxism–LeninismFar-left1991–2002
Merged into CPRF
Union for the National Revival of Alania
*Союз национального возрождения Алании*UNRA
*СНВА*Aleksandr RamonovNational Bolshevism
Ossetian nationalism
Soviet patriotismFar-left1991–?
Fatherland Socialist Party
*Отечество*
ФыдыбӕстӕF
*О*
*Ф*Vadim BaskayevSocialism
Ossetian nationalism
Anti-Ingush sentimentLeft-wing1993–2004
Styr Nyxas
*Стыр Ныхас*SN
*СН*Mikhail GioyevOssetian nationalism
Styr Nyxas
Anti-Ingush sentiment
Anti-militarism1993–?
[[File:Flag Baltic republican party.svg60px]]Baltic Republican Party
*Балтийская республиканская партия*BRP
*БРП*Sergei Pasko
Rustam VasilievKaliningrad independence
Kaliningrad autonomism
Social liberalism
Pro-Europeanism
Anti-communismCentre-right1993–2005
[[File:Mari Ushem coat of arms.svg60px]]Mari National Rebirth Party "Ushem"
*Марийская партия национального возрождения "Ушем"*Ushem
*Ушем*Vladimir KozlovMari nationalismBig tent1917–1918 (banned)
1989–?
Russian Unity
*Русское единство
Руська єдність*RE
*РЕ*
РЄMaksym Kovalenko
Sergey AksyonovRussian nationalism
Russian irredentism
Russophilia
Crimean regionalismRight-wing2008–2014
Merged into United Russia

Soviet parties (1917–1991)

CPSU and factions

NameAbbr.Leader(s)IdeologyPolitical positionYears activeSole legal party (before 1990)Communist Party of the Soviet Union}};"Factions inside the RKP(b), VKP(b) and CPSU
[[File:КПСС.svg60px]]**Communist Party of the Soviet Union
*Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза***CPSU
*КПСС*Vladimir Lenin
Joseph Stalin
Georgy Malenkov
Nikita Khrushchev
Leonid Brezhnev
Yuri Andropov
Konstantin Chernenko
Mikhail Gorbachev
Vladimir IvashkoCommunism
Marxism–LeninismFar-left1917–1991
Left Communists
*Левые коммунисты*Nikolai BukharinLeft communism
World revolution1918–1921
Group of Democratic Centralism
*Группа демократического централизма*Valerian Obolensky
Timofei Sapronov
Vladimir Smirnov
Andrei Bubnov
Yakov DrobnisLeft communism
Democratic centralism1919–1923
Workers' Opposition
*Рабочая оппозиция*Alexander Shliapnikov
Sergei Medvedev
Alexandra Kollontai
Yury LutovinovTrade unionism
Council communism
Anti-bureaucratism1920–1922
Workers' Truth
*Рабочая правда*Fanya Shutskever
Efim Shulman
Vladimir Khaikevich
Yakov Budnitsky
Pauline Lass-Kozlova
Oleg Vikman-Beleev
Nellie KrymAnti-bureaucratism1921–1923
Right Opposition
*Правая оппозиция*Nikolai Bukharin
Alexei Rykov
Mikhail TomskyAgrarian socialism
Anti-Stalinism
New Economic Policy
Anti-Collectivization1921–1933
Left Opposition
*Левая оппозиция*Leon TrotskyTrotskyism
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism1923–1927
Workers Group of the Russian Communist Party
*Рабочая группа Российской коммунистической партии*Gavril MyasnikovLeft communism
Anti-bureaucratism
Workplace democracy1923–1930
United Opposition
*Объединённая оппозиция*Leon Trotsky
Grigory Zinoviev
Lev KamenevAnti-New Economic Policy
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism1926–1933
Left-Right Bloc
*Право-левый блок*Vissarion Lominadze
Sergey Syrtsov
Jan StenAnti-Stalinism
Anti-Collectivization1929–1933
Union of Marxist-Leninists
*Союз марксистов-ленинцев*Martemyan Ryutin
Vasily KayurovAnti-Stalinism1932–1932
Anti-Party Group of Malenkov, Kaganovich, Molotov and Shepilov, who joined them
*Антипартийная группа Маленкова, Кагановича, Молотова и примкнувшего к ним Шепилова*Georgy Malenkov
Lazar Kaganovich
Vyacheslav Molotov
Dmitri ShepilovAnti-Khrushchevism
Anti-De-Stalinization1957–1957
Bolshevik Platform
*Большевистская платформа*Nina AndreyevaAnti-Perestroika
Neo-Stalinism
Anti-liberalism1988–1991
Succeeded by VKPB
United Workers' Front
*Объединённый фронт трудящихся*Viktor Stepanov
Mikhail Popov
Igor MalyarovSoviet patriotism
Proletarian internationalism
Anti-separatism1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
Democratic Platform
*Демократическая платформа*Yury Afanasyev
Boris Yeltsin
Telman Gdlyan
Nikolay Ivanov
Nikolay Travkin
Igor Chubais
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander MinzhurenkoPerestroika
Democratization
Social liberalism1989–1991
Succeeded by RPRF
Communist Initiative Movement
*Движение коммунистической инициативы*Viktor Tyulkin
Albert MakashovFoundation of the Russian Communist Party
Anti-capitalism
Left-wing nationalism1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
Marxist Platform
*Марксистская платформа*Alexander Buzgalin
Sergey Skvortsov
Alexey Prigarin
Andrey Kolganov
Anatoly KryuchkovOrthodox Marxism
Marxism–Leninism1990–1992
Succeeded by RCWP, RPC and SK
Democratic Movement
*Демократическое движение*Anatoly Sobchak
Gavriil Popov
Vladimir Lysenko
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander RutskoySocial democracy
Democratization1990–1992
Succeeded by NPSR

Clandestine and illegal parties

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyPolitical positionYears activeSocialist-Revolutionary Party}};"
[[File:Eser flag (Въ борьбѣ обрѣтешь ты право свое!).svg60px]]Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
*Партия левых социалистов-революционеров*Left SRs
*Левые эсеры*Boris Kamkov
Mark Natanson
Maria SpiridonovaAgrarian socialism
Anti-Bolshevism
Revolutionary socialism
NarodismFar-left1917–1921
Clandestine since 1918
True Communists
*Истинные коммунисты*TC
*ИК*Ivan Yatsuk
Yuri Shokk
Alexander Elin
Shamil Gubaidulin
Kamil SalakhutdinovMarxism
Anti-Stalinism
Left communismFar-left1940–1940
[[File:LAF seal 2.png50px]]Lithuanian Activist Front
*Литовский фронт активистов
Lietuvių Aktyvistų Frontas*LAF
*ЛФА*Kazys ŠkirpaLithuanian independence
Nazism
Anti-communism
Antisemitism
Anti-PolonismFar-right1940–1941
[[File:Flag of Russian Liberation People's Army.svg60px]]People's Socialist Party of Russia "Viking"
*Народная социалистическая партия России «Викинг»*NSPR
*НСПР*Konstantin Voskoboinik
Bronislav KaminskiNazism
Russian nationalism
Russian collaborationism
Antisemitism
Anti-communismFar-right1941–1943
Vladimir GilcollaborationismFar-right1942
Russian nationalism collaborationismFar-right1943-?
Communist Party of Youth
*Коммунистическая партия молодёжи*CPM
*КПМ*Anatoly ZhigulinCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-StalinismLeft-wing to far-left1946–1949
All-Union Democratic Party
*Всесоюзная демократическая партия*VDP
*ВДП*Alexander Tarasov
Viktor BelkinAnti-Stalinism
SocialismLeft-wing1948–1948
Russian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
AntisemitismFar-right1950s-1980s
Union of Struggle for the Cause of the Revolution
*Союз борьбы за дело революции*SBDR
*СБДР*Boris Slutsky
Evgeny Gurevich
Vladilen FurmanAnti-Stalinism
Revolutionary socialismFar-left1950–1951
Baltic Federation
*Балтийская федерация
Baltijas federācija*BF
*БФ*Gunārs Rode
Dailis Rijnieks
Jānis Rijnieks
Aina Zābaka
Ziedonis Rozenbergs
Viktors Kalniņš
Uldis OfkantsAnti-Sovietism
Latvian nationalism
Latvian independenceRight-wing1957–1962
Soviet Revolutionary Communists (Bolsheviks)
*Советские революционеры-коммунисты (большевики)*RC (b)
*РК (б)*Stalinism
Anti-revisionism
Marxism–Leninism
CommunismFar-left1960-1991
S. D. KhakhaevKhruschevism
Anti-Brezhnevism
Anti-Stalinism
CommunismFar-left1963-1965
National United Party
*Национальная объединённая партия
Ազգային Միացյալ Կուսակցություն*NUP
*НОП
ԱՄԿ*Haykaz Khachatryan
Paruyr HayrikyanArmenian nationalism
Armenian independence
National democracy
Liberalism
Anti-communismBig tent1966–1987
Succeeded by UNSD
Free Russia Party
*Партия свободной России*
Revolutionary Workers' Party
*Революционная рабочая партия*PSR
*ПСР*
RWP
*РРП*Victor Pestov
Nikolay ShaburovAnti-communism
Anti-Sovietism1968–1970
Group of Revolutionary Communism
*Группа революционного коммунизма*GRK
*ГРК*Alexander Romanov
Oleg Senin
Valentin KirikovMarxism
Social democracyLeft-wing1972–1972
All-Russian Social-Christian Union for the Liberation of the People
*Всероссийский социал-христианский союз освобождения народа*VSKhSON
*ВСХСОН*Igor OgurtsovAnti-communism
Russian nationalism
Social Christianity
Third PositionRight-wing to far-right1972–1972
Socialist Party of the Soviet Union
*Социалистическая партия Советского Союза*SPSU
*СПСС*Alexander GanyushkinDemocratic socialism
Self-governing socialismLeft-wing1972–1972/1990-1992
Left School
*Левая школа*LS
*ЛШ*Natalia Magnat
Olga Barash
Inna OkupMarxism–Leninism
Trotskyism
Atheistic existentialism
New LeftFar-left1972/73–1977
Party of New Communists
*Партия новых коммунистов*PNC
*РНК*Alexander Tarasov
Vasily MinorskyNeo-communism
Orthodox Marxism
Marxism–Leninism
Revolutionary socialism
Direct democracy
Trotskyism
Neo-anarchism
Anti-StalinismFar-left1972/73–1977
Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union
*Неокоммунистическая партия Советского Союза*NCPSU
*НКПСС*Alexander Tarasov
Natalia Magnat
Vasily Minorsky
Olga Barash
Igor DukhanovNeo-communism
Atheistic existentialism
Communism
Guevarism
Neo-Marxism
Anti-clericalism
Trotskyism
New LeftFar-left1974–1985
Boris KagarlitskySocial democracy (faction)Left-wing1977-1982
Democratic Union
*Демократический союз*DU
*ДС*Valeriya NovodvorskayaClassical liberalism
Neoliberalism
*Laissez-faire*
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
AtlanticismCentre-right1988–2014

Parties of the multi-party period

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyPolitical positionYears activeLiberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union}};"Democratic Party of Russia}};"
Democratic Union
*Демократический союз*DU
*ДС*Valeriya NovodvorskayaClassical liberalism
Neoliberalism
*Laissez-faire*
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
AtlanticismCentre-right1988–2014
[[File:Flag of the LDPSU.svg60px]]Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union
*Либерально-демократическая партия Советского Союза*LDPSU
*ЛДПСС*Vladimir Bogachov
Vladimir ZhirinovskyRussian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Right-wing populism
Monarchism
**Before 1990:**
Liberalism
Liberal conservatismRight-wing to far-right
**Before 1990:**
Centre-right1989–1992
[[File:DPR logo.svg60px]]Democratic Party of Russia
*Демократическая партия России*DPR
*ДПР*Nikolay TravkinAnti-communism
Centrism
LiberalismCentre-right1990–1992
Socialist Party
*Социалистическая партия*SP
*СП*Boris Kagarlitsky
Anatoliy Baranov
Alexander Kolpakidi
Vladimir KondratovDemocratic socialism
Self-governing socialismLeft-wing1990–1992
Social Democratic Party of Russia
*Социал-демократическая партия России*SDPR
*СДПР*Pavel Kudyukin
Oleg Rumyantsev
Alexander ObolenskySocial democracy
Social liberalism
Democratic socialismCentre-left1990–2011
[[File:Flag of the USSR (1936-1955).svg50px]]All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
*Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия большевиков*VKPB
*ВКПБ*Nina AndreyevaCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Bolshevism
Anti-revisionism
StalinismFar-left1991–

Parties of the Russian Empire (1721–1917)

[[1905 Russian Revolution|Pre-revolutionary]] organizations

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears active
[[File:P1488-e1468143624900.jpg60px]]Decembrist Societies
*Общества декабристов*Decembrists
*Декабристы*Sergei Trubetskoy
Nikita Muravyov
Pavel Pestel
Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
*and others*Constitutional monarchism
Anti-Tsarist autocracy
Anti-Serfdom
Republicanism (factions)
Petrashevsky Circle
*Кружок Петрашевского*Petrashevtsy
*Петрашевцы*Mikhail PetrashevskyUtopian socialism
Agrarian socialism
[[File:Zemlya i volya.svg60px]]Land and Liberty
*Земля и воля*Zemlevolists
* Землевольцы**Collective leadership*Narodism
Agrarianism
Agrarian socialism (1860–64)
Anarcho-collectivism (1876–1879)
Committee of Russian Officers in Poland
*Комитет русских офицеров в Польше*KROP
*КРОП*Vasily Kaplinski
Jarosław Dąbrowski
Andrey Potebnya
Zygmunt PadlewskiNarodism
Republicanism
Grand Propaganda Society
*Большое общество пропаганды*Tchaikovtsy
*Чайковцы*Nikolai Tchaikovsky
Sophia Perovskaya
Mark NatansonNarodism
Revolutionary socialism
Bashenists
*Башенцы*Grigory Popko
Innokenty Voloshenko
Fedor ShcherbinaRadical Narodism
Republicanism1874–1877
60px]]Narodnaya Volya
*Народная воля*Narodovolists
*Народовольцы**Collective leadership*Narodism
Agrarian socialism
Left-wing terrorism
Revolutionary socialism
Black Repartition
*Чёрный передел*BR
*ЧП*Georgi Plekhanov
Pavel Axelrod
Osip Aptekman
Leo Deutsch
Vera ZasulichNarodism
Agrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Federalism
Emancipation of Labour
*Освобождение труда*OT
*ОТ*Georgi Plekhanov
Pavel AxelrodMarxism
Scientific socialism
Social Revolutionary Party of People's Right
*Социально-революционная партия Народного права*People's Right
*Народное право*Mark Natanson
Nikolay TyutchevNarodism
Revolutionary democracy
League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class
*Союз борьбы за освобождение рабочего класса*SBORK
*СБОРК*Vladimir UlyanovMarxism
Social democracy
Workers' Party for the Political Liberation of Russia
*Рабочая партия политического освобождения России*RPPOR
*РППОР*Grigory Gershuni
Catherine BreshkovskyNarodism
Revolutionary socialism
Workers' Banner
*Рабочее знамя*WB
*РЗ*Sergey Andropov
Lydia Dan
Viktor NoginSocial democracy
Anti-Economism

[[1905 Russian Revolution|Post-revolutionary]] parties

Left-wing

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeSocialist Revolutionary Party}}"Trudoviks}}"Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}"Socialist-Revolutionary Party}};"
60px]]General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia
*Всеобщий еврейский рабочий союз в Литве, Польше и России
אלגעמײנער יידישער ארבעטער־בונד אין ליטע, פױלן און רוסלאנד*Bund
*Бунд
בונד*Victor AlterBundism
Socialism
Jewish Autonomism
Non-Zionism
Secularism1897–1921
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
*Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия*RSDLP
*РСДРП*Vladimir Ulyanov (Bolsheviks)
Julius Martov (Mensheviks)Marxist socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Social democracy1898–1912
[[File:Socialist Revolutionary Party poster 1917 detail.svg60px]]Socialist Revolutionary Party
*Партия социалистов-революционеров*Esers
*Эсеры*Viktor ChernovAgrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Democratic socialism
Federalism
Neo-Narodism1902–1921
Zionist Socialist Workers Party
*Сионистско-социалистическая рабочая партия
ציוניסטישע סאציאליסטישע ארבעטער פארטיי*SS
*СС
צס*Naum Syrkin
Ber BorochovSocialism
Zionism
Territorialism1905–1917
merged into UJSWP
Jewish Socialist Workers Party
*Социалистическая еврейская рабочая партия
סאציאליסטישע יידישע ארבעטער פארטײ*SEPR
*СЕРП
סיאפ*Chaim ZhitlowskySocialism
National personal autonomism1905/6-1917
merged into UJSWP
[[File:Flag of the Russian Popular Socialist Party.svg60px]]Labour Popular-Socialist Party
*Трудовая народно-социалистическая партия*Enes's
*Энесы*Alexey Peshekhonov
Nikolai Annensky
Venedikt MiakotinNeo-Narodism
Popular socialism
Agrarian socialism
Social democracy
Left-wing nationalism1906–1921
[[File:Poalei Zion.png60px]]Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion)
*Еврейская социал-демократическая партия (Поалей Цион)
יידישע סאציאל דעמאקראטישער ארבעטער פארטיי (פאלעי ציון)*JSDLP(PZ)
*ЕСДРП(ПЦ)
יסדאפ (פצ)*Ber Borochov
Yitzhak Ben-ZviMarxism
Socialist Zionism
Socialism
Centrist Marxism1906–1928
Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists
*Союз социалистов-революционеров-максималистов*Maximalists
*Максималисты*Mikhail Sokolov
Vladimir MazurinRevolutionary socialism
Neo-Narodism
Left-wing terrorism
Anti-capitalism1906–1911,
1917-1919
Labour Group
*Трудовая группа*Trudoviks
*Трудовики*Alexey Aladyin
Alexander KerenskySocial democracy
Neo-Narodism
Agrarian socialism1906–1921
[[File:Все сознательные граждане Российской республики голосуют за РСДРП (1917).jpg60px]]Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)
*Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (большевиков)*RSDLP(b)
*РСДРП(б)*Vladimir Lenin
Grigory ZinovievCommunism
Bolshevism1912–1918
Successed by RCP(b)
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks)
*Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (меньшевиков)*RSDLP(m)
*РСДРП(м)*Julius Martov
Pavel Axelrod
Fyodor DanSocial democracy
Democratic socialism
Menshevism1912–1918
Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Internationalists)
*Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (интернационалистов)*Mezhraiontsy
*Межрайонцы*Leon Trotsky
Moisei Uritsky
Adolph Joffe
V. VolodarskyMarxist socialism
Proletarian internationalism
Bolshevism-Menshevism1913–1917
Merged into RSDLP(b)
[[File:Eser flag (Въ борьбѣ обрѣтешь ты право свое!).svg60px]]Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
*Партия левых социалистов-революционеров*Left SRs
*Левые эсеры*Boris Kamkov
Mark Natanson
Maria SpiridonovaAgrarian socialism
Anti-Bolshevism (since 1918)
Revolutionary socialism
Neo-Narodism1917–1921
[[File:Socialist red flag.svg50px]]Russian Socialist Labour Party of Internationalists
*Российская социалистическая рабочая партия интернационалистов*RSLPI
*РСРПИ*Boris Avilov
Vladimir Bazarov
Viacheslav Volgin
Nikolai SukhanovMarxist socialism
Proletarian internationalism1917–1920
Merged into RCP(b)
Party of Narodnik Communists
*Партия народников-коммунистов*PNC
*ПНК*Grigoriy ZaksCommunism
Neo-Narodism1918-1918
Merged into RCP(b)
Party of Revolutionary Communism
*Партия революционного коммунизма*PRC
*ПРК*Mark Natanson
Alexei Ustinov
Andrei KolegayevIntegral socialism
Neo-Narodism1918–1920
Merged into RCP(b)
[[File:Poalei Zion.png60px]]Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion)
*Еврейская коммунистическая партия (Поалей Цион)
יידישע קאמוניסטישע פארטיי (פאאלעי ציון)*JСP(PZ)
*ЕКП (ПЦ)
יקפ (פצ)*Central CommitteeCommunism
Marxism
Proletarian internationalism
Socialist Zionism1919–1922
Merged into RCP(b)
[[File:Darker green and Black flag.svg60px]]Union of Working Peasants
*Союз трудового крестьянства*STK
*СТК*Alexander Antonov
Pyotr TokmakovAnti-communism
Neo-Narodism
Agrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism1920–1921

Centrist and moderate

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears activeConstitutional Democratic Party}};"Union of October 17}};"
Progressive Economic Party of the Russian Empire
*Прогрессивно-экономическая партия Российской империи*
Commercial and Industrial Union of the Russian Empire
*Торгово-промышленный союз Российской империи*
Commercial and Industrial Party of the Russian Empire
*Торгово-промышленная партия Российской империи*PEP
*ПЭП*
TPS
*ТПС*
TPP
*ТПП*Grigory KrestovnikovAnti-socialism
Bourgeoisie interests1905-1905
Party of the Legal Order
*Партия правового порядка*PPP
*ППП*Anatoly SavenkoConstitutional monarchism
Russian nationalism1905–1917
Ittifaq al-Muslimin
*Иттифак аль-Муслимин
İttifaqi-Müslimin
اتفاق المسلمين*Ittifaq
*Иттифак
اتفاق*Alimardan bey Topchubashov
Khalil bey Khasmammadov
Abdurrahim bey HagverdiyevIslamic liberalism
Jadidism
Constitutional monarchism1905–1917
[[File:Svoboda, Kadet symbol.svg60px]]Constitutional Democratic Party
*Конституционно-демократическая партия*Kadets
*Кадеты*Pavel MiliukovConstitutionalism
Constitutional monarchism
Liberal democracy
Parliamentarism
Political pluralism
Social liberalism1905–1917
Union of October 17
*Союз 17 октября*Octoberists
*Октябристы*Alexander GuchkovReformism
Liberal conservatism
Constitutional monarchism1905–1917
Union of freedom, Truth and Peace
*Союз свободы, истины и мира*UFTP
*ССИМ*Ivan Prokhanov
Nikolay Odintsov
Pyotr FrizenChristian democracy
Mennonism
Evangelical Christianity
Left Baptism
Constitutional monarchism1905–1906
Party of Democratic Reform
*Партия демократических реформ*PDR
*ПДР*Maksim KovalevskyClassical liberalism1906–1907
Merged into Progressive Party
Party of Peaceful Renovation
*Партия мирного обновления*PMO
*ПМО*Pyotr Heiden
Nikolay LvovLiberal conservatism
Classical liberalism1906–1907
Merged into Progressive Party
Progressive Party
*Прогрессивная партия*Progressists
*Прогрессисты*Aleksandr Konovalov
Ivan YefryemovClassical liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Constitutional monarchism1907–1917

Right-wing

NameAbbr.Leader (s)IdeologyYears active
Russian Assembly
*Русское собрание*RS
*РС*Dmitri Golitsyn
Nikolai EngelhardtOrthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
Monarchism
Conservatism
Russian nationalism
Russian Brotherhood
*Русское братство*RB
*РБ*major Protsenko
Pyotr ZhukovBlack Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
National conservatism
Christian fundamentalism
antisemitism
[[File:Нагрудный Значок Союза Русского Народа .png60px]]Union of the Russian People
*Союз русского народа*URP
*СРН*Alexander Dubrovin
Nikolai MarkovBlack Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Russia for Russians
Triune Russian nation
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Right-wing populism
Anti-Ukrainian sentiment
Pochvennichestvo
antisemitism
Union of the Russian Men
*Союз русских людей*URM
*СРЛ*Alexander Shcherbatov
Pavel Sheremetev
Pyotr SheremetevBlack Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
antisemitism
[[File:RMU1.jpg60px]]Russian Monarchist Union
*Русский монархический союз*RMU
*РМС*Vladimir Gringmut
Mihail HutorovBlack Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
United Nobility
*Объединённое дворянство*OD
*ОД*Aleksei Bobrinsky
Alexander Naryshkin
Ananiy Strukov
Alexander SamarinTsarist monarchism
Russian nationalism
Nobility interests
[[File:SMA emblem.jpg60px]]Union of the Archangel Michael
*Союз имени Михаила Архангела*SMA
*СМА*Vladimir PurishkevichBlack Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Russian ultranationalism
National conservatism
antisemitism
All-Russian National Union
*Всероссийский национальный союз*VNS
*ВНС*Pyotr Balashov
Vasily ShulginRussian nationalism
Tsarist monarchism
National liberalism
National conservatism
Party of Moderate Right
*Партия умеренно-правых*PMR
*ПУП*Pyotr BalashovRussian nationalism
Tsarist monarchism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Anti-liberalism
[[File:Нагрудный Значок Союза Русского Народа .png60px]]All-Russian Dubrovinist Union of the Russian People
*Всероссийский дубровинский союз русского народа*ARDURP
*ВДСРН*Alexander DubrovinBlack Hundreds
Anti-Stolypin reform
Great Russian ultranationalism
National conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Agrarianism
antisemitism
Domestic Patriotic Union
*Отечественный патриотический союз*OPS
*ОПС*Vasiliy Orlov
Vasiliy SkvortsovTsarist monarchism
Conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Anti-socialism

References

References

  1. "Список зарегистрированных политических партий". Официальный сайт [[Министерство юстиции Российской Федерации.
  2. "Список политических партий, имеющих право в соответствии с Федеральным законом от 11.07.2001 № 95-ФЗ «О политических партиях» принимать участие в выборах, по состоянию на текущую дату (07.07.2021)". Официальный сайт [[Министерство юстиции Российской Федерации.
  3. "Федеральный закон от 11.07.2001 № 95-ФЗ «О политических партиях» (в ред. от 03.07.2018)".
  4. "Каспаров. Ru {{!}} 15 политических партий не соответствуют положениям нового закона и будут ликвидированы".
  5. (2004-12-03). "Госдума приняла закон об увеличении минимальной численности партии до 50 тыс. человек". [[NEWSru]].
  6. (2009-03-13). "Госдума одобрила снижение обязательной минимальной численности партий. Оппозиция все равно недовольна". [[NEWSru]].
  7. "Госдума одобрила законопроект о Выборах и партиях".
  8. (21 March 2011). "Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics". Routledge.
  9. Isaacs, Rico. (2011). "Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics". Routledge.
  10. (26 November 2011). "Russia Analytical Digest". University of Basel, Center for Security Studies Zürich, Forschungsstelle Osteuropa Bremen.
  11. Yevgeny Utkin. [http://rbth.ru/articles/2011/11/23/seven_parties_one_virtually_certain_outcome_13794.html Seven parties, one virtually certain outcome] Russia Beyond the Headlines. (2011-11-23)
  12. "VK.com {{!}} VK".
  13. https://digitaldem.ru/2021/09/20/partiya-prjamoj-demokratii-proshla-v-zaksobranije-eao/ Партия прямой демократии прошла в заксобрание Еврейской автономной области
  14. "Список зарегистрированных политических партий - Минюст России".
  15. Kozlov, Vladimir. (2011). "Sedition: Everyday Resistance in the Soviet Union under Khrushchev and Brezhnev". Yale University Press.
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