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List of mammals of Kyrgyzstan

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This list of mammals of Kyrgyzstan comprises 43 mammal species recorded in Kyrgyzstan, of which four are endangered, five are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

DD	Data deficient	There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: [[Rodent]]ia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.

Suborder: Hystricognathi
- Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
  - Genus: Hystrix
    - Indian crested porcupine, H. indica presence uncertain
Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
  - Subfamily: Xerinae
    - Tribe: Marmotini
      - Genus: Marmota
        
        Gray marmot, M. baibacina
        
        Long-tailed marmot, M. caudata
        
        Menzbier's marmot, M. menzbieri
      - Genus: Spermophilus
        
        Tien Shan ground squirrel, S. relictus
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
  - Subfamily: Allactaginae
    - Genus: Allactaga
      - Vinogradov's jerboa, A. vinogradovi
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
  - Subfamily: Leithiinae
    - Genus: Dryomys
      - Forest dormouse, D. nitedula
- Family: Cricetidae
  - Subfamily: Arvicolinae
    - Genus: Clethrionomys
      - Tien Shan red-backed vole, C. centralis
    - Genus: Ellobius
      - Alai mole vole, E. alaicus
    - Genus: Microtus
      - Tien Shan vole, M. kirgisorum
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
  - Subfamily: Gerbillinae
    - Genus: Meriones
      - Midday jird, M. meridianus
      - Tamarisk jird, M. tamariscinus
  - Subfamily: Murinae
    - Genus: Rattus
      - Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced
      - Turkestan rat, R. turkestanicus

Order: [[Lagomorpha]] (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Family: Leporidae (hares)
- Genus: Lepus
  - Desert hare, L. tibetanus
  - Tolai hare, L. tolai
Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Genus: Ochotona
  - Large-eared pika, O. macrotis
  - Turkestan red pika, O. rutila

Order: [[Erinaceomorpha]] (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
  - Genus: Hemiechinus
    - Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus

Order: [[Soricomorpha]] (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
  - Genus: Crocidura
    - Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
- Subfamily: Soricinae
  - Tribe: Nectogalini
    - Genus: Neomys
      - Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens
  - Tribe: Soricini
    - Genus: Sorex
      - Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus

Order: [[Chiroptera]] (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
  - Genus: Myotis
    - Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
    - Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
  - Genus: Nyctalus
    - Common noctule, N. noctula
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
  - Genus: Eptesicus
    - Botta's serotine, E. bottae
Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
  - Genus: Rhinolophus
    - Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
    - Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros

Order: [[Carnivora]] (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae
  - Subfamily: Felinae
    - Genus: Felis
      - Jungle cat, F. chaus , presence uncertain
      - African wildcat, F. lybica
        
        Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata
    - Genus: Lynx
      - Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
    - Genus: Otocolobus
      - Pallas's cat, O. manul
  - Subfamily: Pantherinae
    - Genus: Panthera
      - Snow leopard, P. uncia
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae
  - Genus: Canis
    - Gray wolf, C. lupus
      - Steppe wolf, C. l. campestris
  - Genus: Vulpes
    - Corsac fox, V. corsac
    - Red fox, V. vulpes
  - Genus: Cuon
    - Dhole, C. alpinus
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
  - Genus: Ursus
    - Brown bear, U. arctos
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
  - Genus: Lutra
    - Eurasian otter, L. lutra in Kyrgyzstan
  - Genus: Martes
    - Beech marten, M. foina
  - Genus: Meles
    - Asian badger, M. leucurus
    - Caucasian badger, M. canescens
  - Genus: Mustela
    - Mountain weasel, M. altaica
    - Stoat, M. erminea
    - Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii
    - Least weasel, M. nivalis

Order: [[Artiodactyla]] (even-toed ungulates)

"The Yaks of Kyrgyzstan", a block of stamps

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
  - Genus: Gazella
    - Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa in Kyrgyzstan
- Subfamily: Bovinae
  - Genus: Bison
    - European bison, B. bonasus Introduced in Kyrgyzstan, but in Kyrgyzstan
- Subfamily: Caprinae
  - Genus: Capra
    - Siberian ibex, C. sibrica
  - Genus: Ovis
    - Argali, O. ammon
Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
  - Genus: Cervus
    - Wapiti, C. canadensis
      - Tian Shan wapiti, C. c. songaricus
- Subfamily: Odocoileinae
  - Genus: Capreolus
    - Siberian roe deer, C. pygargus
Family: Suidae
- Subfamily: Suinae
  - Genus: Sus
    - Wild boar, S. scrofa

Locally extinct

The following species are locally extinct in Kyrgyzstan:

Tiger, Panthera tigris
Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra
Onager, Equus hemionus
Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa (extinct in the wild)

References

This list is derived from the [[IUCN Red List]] which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
Amori, G.. (2016). "''Hystrix indica''".
Ruedas, L.. (2016). "''Rattus norvegicus''".
Smith, A.T.. (2019). "''Lepus tolai''".
Hutterer, R.. (2010). "''Crocidura suaveolens''".
(2016). "''Myotis blythii''".
Piraccini, R.. (2016). "''Myotis emarginatus''".
Csorba, G.. (2016). "''Nyctalus noctula''".
Piraccini, R.. (2016). "''Rhinolophus ferrumequinum''".
Taylor, P.. (2016). "''Rhinolophus hipposideros''".
Gray, T.N.E.. (2016). "''Felis chaus''".
Breitenmoser, U.. (2015). "''Lynx lynx''".
(2020). "''Otocolobus manul''".
McCarthy, T.. (2017). "''Panthera uncia''".
(2018). "''Canis lupus''".
Murdoch, J.D.. (2014). "''Vulpes corsac''".
Hoffmann, M.. (2016). "''Vulpes vulpes''".
Cancellare, I.A.; Kachel, S.M.; Kubanychbekov, Z.; Kulenbekov, R.; Pilgrim, K.L.; McCarthy, K.P. & Weckworth, B.V. (2022). "New distribution record of dhole from southern Kyrgyzstan using non-invasive genetic sampling" (PDF). ''Canid Biology & Conservation''. 24 (1): 1–3.
McLellan, B. N.. (2017). "''Ursus arctos''".
Abramov, A.V.. (2016). "''Martes foina''".
Abramov, A.. (2016). "''Meles leucurus''".
Abramov, A.. (2016). "''Mustela altaica''".
Reid, F.. (2016). "''Mustela erminea''".
Maran, T.. (2016). "''Mustela eversmanii''".
McDonald, R. A.. (2019). "''Mustela nivalis ''".
(2018). "Spatio-temporal distribution of European bison (''Bison bonasus'' L.) in Poloniny National Park, East Carpathians, Slovakia". Oecologia Montana.
Reading, R.. (2020). "''Capra sibirica''".
Reading, R.. (2020). "''Ovis ammon''".
(2018). "''Cervus canadensis''".
Keuling, O.. (2019). "''Sus scrofa''".
(2015). "''Panthera tigris''".

Info: Wikipedia Source

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