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List of longest-reigning monarchs

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This is a list of the longest-reigning monarchs in history, detailing the monarchs and lifelong leaders who have reigned the longest, ranked by length of reign.

Monarchs of sovereign states with verifiable reigns by exact date

The following are the 25 longest-reigning monarchs of states who were internationally recognised as sovereign for most or all of their reign. Roman emperors Constantine VIII and Basil II, reigning for 66 years in total (962–1028) and for 65 years in total (960–1025) respectively, are not included, because for part of those periods they reigned only nominally as junior co-emperors alongside senior emperors.

Regencies (and coregencies as a "senior" monarch) are not counted against monarchs, hence Louis XIV is listed first among the monarchs of sovereign states despite his mother Anne of Austria being his regent for eight years. A distinction is not made between absolute and constitutional monarchs, hence Elizabeth II is listed second despite being a figurehead her entire reign.

The currently living longest-reigning monarch, Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei, is not included on the list because Brunei was not a sovereign state until 1 January 1984.

No.PortraitNameStateReignDurationRef.FromTo(days)(years, days)12345678910111213141516171819202122232425
[[File:Louis XIV of France (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Louis XIV
[[File:Queen Elizabeth II official portrait for 1959 tour (retouched) (3x4 close cropped).jpg80px]]Elizabeth II{{NoteTagElizabeth was Queen of many other states, but other than these four, her reign was shorter. Lengths listed below are for Elizabeth as monarch of an independent country or dominion; except for Jamaica for which she would rank 17th, none would entitle her to a place on this list. The following states were British dominions at the start of Queen Elizabeth II's reign in 1952, but became independent as republics during her reign:
[[File: Aankomst Koning Bhumibol en Koningin Sirikit te Den Haag, Koning Bhumibol, Bestanddeelnr 911-6993 (cropped)(2).jpg80px]]Rama IXThailand
[[File:Johann II portrait (3x4 tilted cropped).jpg80px]]Johann IILiechtenstein
[[File:PacalII.svgclass=skin-invert80px]]Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal IPalenquelast=Pharofirst=Lars Kirkhusmodate=2013title=The Ritual Practice of Time: Philosophy and Sociopolitics of Mesoamerican Calendarsisbn=9789004252363publisher=Brillpage=92url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SHZfAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA92}}
[[File:Franz Josef of Austria, in uniform (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Franz Joseph I
[[File:Chan Imix Kʼawiil (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Chan Imix KʼawiilCopán
[[File:Ramses II British Museum.jpg80px]]Ramesses IINew Kingdom of Egypt
[[File:Mengs - Ferdinand IV of Naples, Royal Palace of Madrid (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Ferdinand III
[[File:Queen Victoria by Bassano (3x4 close cropped).jpg80px]]VictoriaUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
[[File:Jaime I de Aragón (3x4 cropped).jpgframeless80px]]James IRoyal Banner of Aragón.svg Aragon
[[File:Hirohito in dress uniform (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Emperor Shōwa
[[File:Kangxi Emperor (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Kangxi EmperorQing (China)
[[File:Honoré III, Prince of Monaco by Jean Baptiste van Loo (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Honoré IIILozenge flag of Monaco.svg Monaco
[[File:Ridpath's Universal Itzamnaaj Bahlam III history (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Itzamnaaj Bahlam IIIYaxchilan
[[File:Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat on Stela E (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan YopaatQuiriguá
[[File:乾隆皇帝老年肖像 (cropped).jpg126x126px]]Qianlong EmperorQing (China)
[[File:Christian IV Pieter Isaacsz 1612 (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Christian IVDenmark–Norway
[[File:George III of the United Kingdom-e (cropped) (cropped).jpg80px]]George III
[[File:Louis XV, King of France (1710-1774) (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Louis XV
[[File:Pedro II of Brazil - Brady-Handy (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Pedro IIEmpire of Brazil
[[File:Calif al Mustansir Misr 1055.jpg80px]]Al-Mustansir BillahFatimid Caliphate
[[File:Nicholas I of Montenegro (cropped).jpg80px]]Nicholas I
[[File:Jacob Merkelbach (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]WilhelminaNetherlands
[[File:James I England (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]James VIKingdom of Scotland

Monarchs of dependent or constituent states with verifiable reigns by exact date

The table below contains 100 monarchs of states that were not independent sovereigns for at least a portion of their reigns.

PortraitNameStateReignDurationRef.FromTo(days)(years, days)123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100
[[File:King_Sobhuza_II,_1945_(cropped).jpg80px]]Sobhuza IIEswatini (British protectorate until 1968)
[[File:Bernhard_VII._(Lippe).jpg80px]]Bernhard VIIFlagge Fürstentum Lippe.svg Lippe (part of Holy Roman Empire)url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/queen-elizabeth-ii-become-britain-s-longest-reigning-monarch-longest-serving-rulers-ever-10477985.htmlwork=The Independenttitle=Queen Elizabeth II to become Britain's longest reigning monarch: Longest serving rulers everauthor=Rose Troup Buchanandate=29 August 2015access-date=2 June 2021}}
[[File:Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo.jpg80px]]Udai Pratap Nath Shah DeoChotanagpur (part of British Raj)
[[File:Maeda Tsunanori (cropped).jpg80px]]Maeda TsunanoriJapanese_crest_Kaga_Umebachi.svg Kaga Domain (part of Tokugawa shogunate, Japan)
[[File:Graf-Wilhelm-4-von-Henneberg-Schleusingen.jpg80px]]William IVArms of the house of Hennenberg-Schleusingen.svg Henneberg-Schleusingen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:KaransinhjiLakhtar.png80px]]Karansinhji II VajirajjiLakhtarflag.png Lakhtar State
[[File:Heinrichxireussgreiz.jpg80px]]Heinrich XIFlagge Fürstentum Reuß ältere Linie.svg Reuss-Obergreiz (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Flag of Jelebu or Tampin.svg Tampin (Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia) (part of British Malaya until 1957)
[[File:ChristianAugustPfalzSulz.jpg80px]]Christian AugustusArms of Pfalz-Neuburg (1609-1685).svg Palatinate-Sulzbach (part of Holy Roman Empire)
RAIRAKHOLFLAG.png Rairakhol State
[[File:Galeries historiques de Versailles - Charles d'Artois, comte d'Eu.JPG80px]]Charles IArms of Charles dEu.svg Eu (part of France)
[[File:Mudhojirao_alias_Bapusaheb_Naik_Nimbalkar_of_Phaltan.jpg80px]]Phaltan flag.svg Phaltan State
Eugen Erwein the PosthumousSchönborn arms.jpg Schönborn-Heusenstamm (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:H.H. Maharaja Thakore Shri Sir Bhagwant Singhji Sagramji Sahib Bahadur, Maharaja of Gondal, GCSI, GCIE, 1911.jpg80px]]Bhagvatsingh SahibCoat of arms of Gondal State.svg Gondal State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Georg Wilhelm of Schaumburg-Lippe.jpg80px]]George WilliamFlagge Fürstentum Schaumburg-Lippe.svg Schaumburg-Lippe
[[File:D. Afonso Henriques - Compendio de crónicas de reyes (Biblioteca Nacional de España).png80px]]Afonso I HenriquesPortugueseFlag1095.svg County of Portugal (part of Kingdom of León) (1112–1139)
PortugueseFlag1143.svg Kingdom of Portugal (1139–1185)
[[File:Karl Friedrich von Baden by Johann Ludwig Kisling (1803).jpg80px]]Charles FrederickBanner of Baden (1^1).svg Baden (part of Holy Roman Empire until 1806)
John IDEU Leuchtenberg COA.svg Leuchtenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Grafmonument voor Johan Lodewijk van Nassau-Saarbrücken 1472-1545.jpg80px]]John III LouisArms of the house of Nassau-Saarbrücken.svg Nassau-Saarbrücken (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Japanese Crest Iori ni Mokkou.svg Okada Domain (part of Tokugawa shogunate, Japan)
[[File:HeinrichFriedrich.jpg80px]]Henry FrederickHohenlohe-Oehringen-Ujest.png Hohenlohe-Langenburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Anonymous painting of Victor Maurice de Broglie, Count of Broglie.jpg80px]]Victor-MauriceRevello-Stemma.svg Revello and Blason ville fr Senonches (Eure-et-Loir).svg Senonches (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[Image:Maharaja de kapurthala jagatjit singh.jpg80px]]Jagatjit SinghKapurthala flag.svg Kapurthala State (part of British Raj)
Parashuramrao Shrinivas IAundh flag.svg Aundh State (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
Henryk IX StarszySilesia Inferior COA.svg Żagań-Głogów (part of Bohemia)
[[File:Werner von Salm-Reifferscheidt.jpg80px]]Arms of the house of Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck.svg Salm-Reifferscheid (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Großherzog Carl August 1822 (3x4 cropped).jpg80px]]Carl I AugustFlagge Großherzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1813-1897).svg Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
George IFlag_of_the_Anhalt_Duchies.svg Anhalt-Dessau (part of Holy Roman Empire)last=Kochfirst=Christophe Guillaumeurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=CiEPhlru4JEC&dq=george+i,+prince+of+anhalt-dessau&pg=PR120title=Tableau des révolutions de l'Europe, dep. le bouleversement de l'empire d'occident jusqu'à nos joursdate=1814language=fr}}
[[File:Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina.jpg80px]]Alberico IFlag of Massa and Carrara.png Massa and Carrara (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Reinhard Graf zu Leiningen-Westerburg (1574-1655).jpg80px]]Reinhard IIILeiningen-westerburg.JPG Leiningen-Westerburg-Schaumburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Sanada Yukimichi.jpg80px]]Sanada YukimichiJapanese Crest rokumonsen.svg Matsuhiro Domain (part of Tokugawa shogunate, Japan)
[[File:AuerspergEngelbert_(1610-1673).jpg80px]]Heinrich Joseph JohannCoat of arms of Auersperg.svg Principality of Auersperg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Hans Burgkmair d. Ä. 005.jpg80px]]Frederick IIIArchduchy of Austria COA.svg Inner Austria (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Georg-wilhelm (cropped).png80px]]George WilliamPalatinate-Zweibrücken.png Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:GodefroyMauricedeLaTour dAuvergneNanteuil.jpg80px]]Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'AuvergneFlag of Bouillon.svg Duchy of Bouillon (part of Holy Roman Empire, later France)
[[File:Friedrich VHessenHomburg.jpg80px]]Frederick VHessen HG flag.svg Hesse-Homburg
[[File:John Louis Volrad Painting.png80px]]John Louis VolradLöwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg.png Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Maharana Vikramjitji of Porbandar State (1910) (14594436738).jpg80px]]Vikramatji KhimojirajFlag of the Porbandar State.svg Porbandar State
[[File:Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, Maharaja of Mysore.jpg80px]]Krishnaraja Wodeyar IIIFlag of Kingdom of Mysore.svg Kingdom of Mysore (Princely state of East India Company after 1831; British Raj after 1857)
[[File:Johann Friedrich Graf zu Castell-Rüdenhausen.jpg80px]]Castell-Scheibler19ps.jpg Castell-Rüdenhausen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Chintamanrao Appasaheb Patwardhan I.jpg80px]]Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg Sangli State (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
Otto II *the One-Eyed*Coat of arms of Brunswick-Lüneburg.svg Brunswick-Göttingen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Obverse of the One Rupee coin from the Princely state of Pratabgarh, made of silver, bearing the name of king Sawant Singh, Julus year 29, AH 1199, photographed from a personal collection in West Bengal, India, June 1, 2024.jpg80px]]Sawant SinghFlag of Partabgarh.svg Pratapgarh State (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
[[File:Christian Carl Reinhard von Leiningen-Dagsburg.jpg80px]]Christian Karl ReinhardArmoiries de Leiningen.svg Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Ram_Singh_Bundi.png80px]]Raja Ram SinghFlag of Bundi.svg Bundi State
[[File:Malietoa Tanumafili II (cropped).jpg80px]]Malietoa Tanumafili IISamoa
Vakhatsinhji MeghrajjiFlag of the Vala State.svg Vallabhipura State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Portret_van_Ernst_II,_graaf_van_Oettingen-Wallerstein,_RP-P-1921-1422.jpg80px]]Ernest IIArms of the house of Oettingen-Wallerstein.svg Oettingen-Wallerstein (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Philipp I of Schaumburg-Lippe.jpg80px]]Philip ICoat of Arms of the Principality of Lippe.svg Lippe-Alverdissen (1613–1640)
Flagge Fürstentum Schaumburg-Lippe.svg Schaumburg-Lippe (1640–1681) (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Codex Manesse Markgraf Heinrich von Meißen.jpg80px]]Henry IIIArms of Flanders.svg Margraviate of Meissen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Aleanor of Aqutaine.jpg80px]]EleanorCount of Poitiers Arms.svg Aquitaine (part of France)
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Studioportret van de Sultan van Serdang TMnr 60038053.jpg80px]]Sulaiman Sharif ul-'Alam ShahRoyal Malay Banner (Yellow).svg Sultanate of Serdang (part of Dutch East Indies until 1945 and part of Indonesia since 1945)
AugustusFlag_of_the_Anhalt_Duchies.svg Anhalt-Plötzkau (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Wankaner_1879-1954.png80px]]Amarsinhji BanesinhjiFlag of Wankaner State.png Wankaner State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Rudolf-von-Sulz.jpg80px]]Frederick ICoA Helfenstein County.svg Helfenstein-Wiesensteig (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Khengarji III.jpg80px]]Khengarji IIICutch flag.svg Cutch (part of British Raj)
[[File:PhilippvonBraunschweigGrubenhagen.JPG80px]]Philip IBlason duché ni Brunswick.svg Brunswick-Grubenhagen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Wilhelmdersiegreiche.jpg80px]]William IV *the Victorious*Coat of arms of the House of Welf (Brunswick-Lüneburg).svg Brunswick-Lüneburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau.JPG80px]]Leopold IIIFlag_of_the_Anhalt_Duchies.svg Anhalt-Dessau (part of Holy Roman Empire)last1=Flemingfirst1=Johntitle=The Penguin Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecturelast2=Honourfirst2=Hughlast3=Pevsnerfirst3=Nikolausdate=1998publisher=Penguinisbn=0-14-051323-Xedition=5page=15}}
[[File:Kurfürst Karl Theodor (Bayern).jpg80px]]Charles TheodoreArms of Pfalz-Neuburg (1609-1685).svg Palatinate-Sulzbach (1733–1742)
Banner of the Palatinate.svg County Palatine of the Rhine (1742–1799) (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Makino TadakiyoMaru-ni Mitsu-Gashiwa.svg Nagaoka Domain (part of Tokugawa shogunate, Japan)
{{illObizzo I d'Esteitfr}}Arms of the house of Este (1).svg Este and CoA Città di Ferrara.svg Ferrara (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Jean le Roux.jpg80px]]Jean IBanniel Breizh 1.0.svg Duchy of Brittany (part of France)
[[File:Friedrich Wilhelm, Fùrst von Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1663-1735).jpg80px]]Frederick WilliamHohenzollern banner.svg Hohenzollern-Hechingen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Jan Seyfried Eggenberg.jpg80px]]Arms of the house of Eggenberg (2).svg Eggenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Sir Gangadharrao alias Balasaheb Patwardhan, KCIE., of Miraj Senior.jpg80px]]Kolhapur flag.svg Miraj Senior (part of British Raj)
[[File:Charles Henri II and Marguerite Charlotte de Luxembourg.jpg80px]]Marguerite CharlotteBlason famille fr Luxembourg-Ligny.svg Ligny (part of France)
[[File:MarieIofSaintPol.jpg80px]]Marie IICOA Luxembourg with crest.svg County of Soissons (part of France)
[[File:Vishwanath Singh Portrait (cropped).jpg80px]]Vishwanath Singh BahadurFlag of Chhatarpur.svg Chhatarpur State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Frederik Magnus van Salm, painted by Johann Valentin Tischbein, ca 1750.jpg80px]]Frederick II MagnusArms of the house of Salm-Neuweiler.svg Salm-Neuweiler (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Oda NobuhisaMon-Oda.png Obata Domain (part of Tokugawa Shogunate, Japan)
[[File:Johor-Ibrahim.jpg80px]]IbrahimFlag of Johor.svg Johor, Malaysia (part of British Malaya until 1957)
[[File:Sayajirao_Gaekwad_III,_Maharaja_of_Baroda,_1919.jpg80px]]Sayajirao Gaekwad IIIBaroda flag.svg Baroda State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Graf Albert Anton von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.JPG80px]]Albert AntonFlagge Fürstentümer Schwarzburg.svg Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Anton Günther von Oldenburg.jpg80px]]Anthony GüntherCivil flag of Oldenburg.svg Duchy of Oldenburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony by Marcello Bacciarelli (ca 1808-1809).png80px]]Frederick Augustus IFlag of Saxony.svg Saxony
[[File:Mathilde und Hugo von Cluny als Fürsprecher Heinrichs IV. (cropped).jpg80px]]MatildaCoat of arms of the house of Canossa.svg Tuscany (de jure part of Holy Roman Empire)
Johann GerhardDEU Manderscheid COA.svg Manderscheid-Gerolstein-Bettingen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Fürst Ludwig von Anhalt-Cöthen (cropped).jpg80px]]Ludwig IFlag_of_the_Anhalt_Duchies.svg Principality of Anhalt (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa (1848 – 1932).png80px]]Isa bin Ali Al KhalifaBahrain
[[File:Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, by studio of François Clouet.jpg80px]]Charles IIIFlag of Lorraine.svg Upper Lorraine (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Philip IIArms-Isenburg.svg Isenburg-Birstein (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Johann Friedrich II. von Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen.jpg80px]]Johann Friedrich IIArms of the house of Hohenlohe (1).svg Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Öhringen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:1663 Philipp Ernst.jpg80px]]Philipp ErnstArms of the house of Hohenlohe (1).svg Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Photograph.png80px]]Bernhard IIFlag of Saxe-Meiningen (1826).svg Saxe-Meiningen
[[File:Sheikh Saqr of Ras al-Khaimah.jpg80px]]Saqr bin Mohammed Al QasimiFlag of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah.svg Ras Al Khaimah (part of Trucial States until 1971, sovereign 1971 - 72, United Arab Emirates from 1972)
[[File:Kloster Eberbach Basilika Grabplatte 46.JPG80px]]Philip IIBlason Nassau-Weilbourg.svg Nassau-Weilburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Portret van Prins Niklaas Leopold van Salm Salm.jpg80px]]Arms of the house of Salm-Hoogstraten.svg Salm-Hoogstraat (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Philip_Joseph_Count_of_Salm-Kyrburg.jpg80px]]Philip JosephArms of the house of Salm-Kyrburg.svg Salm-Kyrburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Christian II. (Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld).jpeg80px]]Christian IIPalatinate-Zweibrücken.png Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Ibrahim Ali Khan of Tonk.jpg80px]]Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan BahadurFlag of Tonk.svg Tonk State (part of British Raj)
[[File:ARENBERGLeopold Philippe.jpg80px]]Léopold PhilippeBlason fam be Ligne-Arenberg 1.svg Arenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Rudolf IAUT Bregenz COA.svg Bregenz-Chur-Lower Raetia (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Hosokawa Tsunatoshi2 (cropped).jpg80px]]Japanese Crest Hosokawa Kuyou.svg Kumamoto Domain (part of Tokugawa shogunate, Japan)
[[File:Rajadhiraj Nahar Singh.png80px]]Nahar SinghFlag of Shahpura.svg Shahpura State (part of British Raj)
Chandrabhan SinghGarrauli State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Heinrich XXV. (Reuß-Gera) Miniatur.jpg80px]]Heinrich XXVReuss-Wappen.png Reuss-Gera Younger Line (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Jan Kristián I. Eggenberg.jpg80px]]Johann Christian IArms of the house of Eggenberg (1).svg Eggenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Graf Christian Ludwig von Waldeck (1635-1706).jpg80px]]Christian LouisWaldeck-1.PNG Waldeck-Wildungen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Abdul Hamid Halim.jpg80px]]Tuanku Abdul Hamid Halim ShahFlag of Kedah.svg Kedah Sultanate (part of British Malaya)

Monarchs whose exact dates of rule are unknown

These monarchs are grouped according to length of reign by year in whole numbers. Within each year-grouping, they appear alphabetically. In a given year, there may have been a wide array of actual reign lengths based on days. Thus, this table does not present a precise ranking by total length of reign. The list is limited to those that might reasonably be expected to lie within the range of those in the tables above, at minimum 57 years. Emphasised states were sovereign. Japanese legendary emperors, according to the ancient Japanese calendar, reigned for very long terms of 60–70 years each. The longest ruler of the legendary emperors, Emperor Kōan, was claimed to have reigned for about 101 years. These figures are not included in the table because they are regarded as inaccurate by modern scholars. For those, see Longevity myths. Rulers with both independent and dependent rules are combined.

PortraitNameCountryReignDuration
(approx. years)Ref.fromto
[[File:King Min Htee of Arakan.jpg80px]]Min Hti**Launggyet Dynasty of Arakan** (part of Myanmar)95 years
[[File:Royal head from a small statue.jpg80px]]Pepi II Neferkare**Egypt (Old Kingdom)**(disputed)94 years (disputed)
Taejo**Goguryeo** (part of Korea)(disputed)93 years (disputed)
Tarak Bahadur ShahBhirkot (part of Nepal)89 years
[[File:Nintoku-tennō detail.jpg80px]]Nintoku**Japan** (Kofun period)(disputed)(disputed)86 years (disputed)
Abd al-Muttalib**Quraysh** (Mecca, Saudi Arabia)81 years
Sawai Basavalinga I Rajendra UdaiyarSundem (part of Portuguese India)80 years
Ermanaric**Oium** (part of Ukraine)(disputed)80 years (disputed)
Hanayos**Hariphunchai** (part of Thailand)(disputed)last= Coedèsfirst= Georgeauthorlink= George Coedèseditor= Walter F. Vellaothers= trans.Susan Brown Cowingtitle= The Indianized States of Southeast Asiayear= 1968publisher= University of Hawaii Pressisbn= 978-0-8248-0368-1}}
Jangsu**Goguryeo** (part of Korea)79 yearsdate=11 September 2024title=장수왕[長壽王] - 한 세기를 지배한 고구려 전성기의 군주url=http://contents.history.go.kr/mobile/kc/view.do?levelId=kc_n101700&code=kc_age_10}}
Sigismondo IIIArms of the house of Este (1).svg Este and San Martino in Rio (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Tượng vua An Dương Vương tại đền Cổ Loa, Đông Anh, Hà Nội.jpg80px]]An Dương Vương**Âu Lạc** (part of Vietnam)(disputed)(disputed)78 years (disputed)
Zalam SinghBidasar (part of Maratha Empire)78 years
Abu'l-Jaysh Ishaq ibn Ibrahim**Ziyadid dynasty** (part of Yemen)77 years
Azmat Tallah KhanRajouri (part of Mughal Empire)
[[File:King Mirian III.jpg80px]]Mirian III**Kingdom of Iberia** (part of Georgia)
Raisingh DeoPatna (part of Mughal Empire, later Maratha Empire)
Jadunath Singh MangarajFlag of Khandpara.png **Khandpara** (part of Mughal Empire)76 years
John Philip IDEU Oberstadion COA.svg Stadion (part of Holy Roman Empire)year=1878title=Stadion, das Grafenhaus, Genealogieencyclopedia=Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreichpublisher=Kaiserlich-königliche Hof-und Staatsdruckereilocation=Wienurl=https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/BLK%C3%96:Stadion,_das_Grafenhaus,_Genealogieaccess-date=2023-07-10last=Wurzbachfirst=Constantin vonvolume=37pages=22–25language=deoclc=842058440archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917195243/https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/BLK%C3%96:Stadion,_das_Grafenhaus,_Genealogiearchive-date=2023-09-17url-status=live}}
Mulla IsmailFlag of the State of Dir 2.svg Dir
(part of Mughal Empire)title=Who's Who in the Dir, Swat and Chitral Agency – Corrected up to 1st September 1933url=http://www.mahraka.com/pdf/1933.pdfaccess-date=2013-07-31year=1933publisher=The Manager Government of India Presslocation=New Delhi}}
[[File:William_I_(Sayn-Wittgenstein).jpg80px]]William I the ElderSayn-Wittgenstein (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Raja Abhiram SinghFlag of the Saraikela State.svg Saraikela (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)75 years
Sauromaces I**Kingdom of Iberia** (part of Georgia)
Tai Wu**Shang dynasty** (part of China)(disputed)(disputed)
[[File:Vakhtang I.jpg80px]]Vakhtang I Gorgasali**Kingdom of Iberia** (part of Georgia)90-429-1318-5}}
Uthiyan Cheralathan**Chera dynasty** (part of India)last=Senfirst=Sailendratitle=A Textbook of Medieval Indian Historypublisher=Primus Booksyear=2013isbn=978-9-38060-734-4pages=60–61}}
Johann IIISponheim-Starkenburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)74 years
Manik Rae**Sambhar** (part of India)date=2018-08-25title=BHADAWARurl=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/b/bhadawar.htmlaccess-date=2025-05-09archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825181241/http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/b/bhadawar.htmlarchive-date=25 August 2018 }}
Yo-Tha**Hariphunchai** (part of Thailand)
[[File:Sultan_Deria_Hassan.jpg80px]]Deria HassanIsaaq Flag.svg Isaaq Sultanate (part of British Somaliland from 1884)73 years
[[File:Trikalingadhipati Shri Chodaganga Deva Maharaj.jpg80px]]Gangesvara Anantvarman Chodaganga Deva**Eastern Ganga** (part of India)
Sabal SinghBedla (part of Mughal Empire)
[[File:Tezozomoc.jpg80px]]Tezozomoc**Azcapotzalco** (part of Mexico)(disputed)wstitle=Tetzotzomocyear=1889}}
Frederick CharlesBentheim-Bentheim (part of Holy Roman Empire)72 years
Grigor IISyunik (part of Armenia)
Raja Sang Tawal (Abdullah)**Kelantan** (part of Malaysia)
[[File:Mousoleum Hurrat-ul-Malaika Arwa.JPG80px]]Arwa al-SulayhiSulayhid Sultanate (part of Yemen, Fatimid Caliphate)71 yearslast=Haerifirst=Shahlayear=2020title=The Unforgettable Queens of Islampublisher=Cambridge University Pressisbn=978-1-107-55489-4url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nljPDwAAQBAJpages=89–105}}
[[File:15count.png80px]]Heinrich VIII the NobleFürstenberg-Wolfach (part of Holy Roman Empire)Late
Ngawang Tashi Drakpa**Phagmodrupa dynasty** (part of Tibet, China)
HuanState of Qi (part of China)70 years
Aarberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
John UlrichDEU Oberstadion COA.svg Stadion (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Muhtarram Shah Kator IFlag of State of Chitral.svg Chitral (part of Mughal Empire)
Niandfo**Oubritenga** (part of Nigeria)
PandukabhayaKingdom of Anuradhapura (part of Sri Lanka)
[[File:Head of king Met 65.126.jpg80px]]Shapur II**Sasanian Empire** (Iran)
Tshudpud NamgyalKingdom of Sikkim
Gerlach IVIsenburg-Grenzau (1220–1258)
Isenburg-Limburg (1258–1289)
(part of Holy Roman Empire)69 yearslast=Creceliusfirst=Wilhelmyear=1879title=Gerlach I.-IV.journal=Allgemeine Deutsche Biographiepublisher=Duncker & Humblotlocation=Leipzigvolume=9page=5language=German}}
[[File:Heinrich von Görz.jpg80px]]Henry VICounty of Gorizia (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Jai Chandra KatochLambagraon-Kangra (part of British Raj)
Muhammad Mumtaz Ali KhanAtraula (part of British Raj)
Rao ChandajiBalunda (part of Mughal Empire)
Simon IFlagge Fürstentum Lippe.svg County of Lippe (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Alberto Azzo II d'Este.jpg80px]]Alberto Azzo IIMargraviate of Milan and Arms of the house of Este (1).svg Este
(part of Holy Roman Empire)68 years
BernardStrzelce, Niemodlin, and South Poland (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Bhagirathi Birabara HarichandanTalcher State (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
Himiko**Yamatai** (part of Japan)
Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin IIFlag of Kedah (18th century - 1821).svg **Kedah Sultanate** (part of Malaysia)
[[File:ShansAtDurbar.jpg80px]]Hkun Ti**Mongpawn** (part of Myanmar)date=1908chapter=Mongpawntitle=Imperial Gazetteer of Indiavolume=17page=408via=Digital South Asia Libraryurl=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_414.gifaccess-date=2024-10-06place=Oxfordpublisher=Clarendon Press}}
Louis IIDEU Oberstadion COA.svg Stadion (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Malojirao IIIMudhol flag.svg Mudhol State (part of Maratha Empire)
Eberhard IIBlason fam be Ligne-Arenberg 1.svg Arenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)67 years
Gopal Singha Dev IIMallabhum State
Maha SinghJhabuaflag.png Jhabua State (part of Mughal Empire)
Mahmud Iskandar Shah**Perak** (part of Malaysia)
[[File:BoqorCismaan_(cropped).jpg80px]]Osman Mahamuud/
Uthman III ibn Mahmud23Flag(Plain)R.svg Majeerteen Sultanate
(part of Italian Somaliland from 1889)
Sultan Abdul Kadir Moh AididFlag of the Sultanate of Gowa.svg Sultanate of Gowa (part of Dutch East Indies)
Zalim SinghBhadri (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
Bhim SinghBusi (part of British Raj)66 years
[[File:Kloster Eberbach Basilika Grabplatte 59 Eberhard I Katzenelnbogen.JPG80px]]Eberhard IKatzenelnbogen Junior (part of Holy Roman Empire)
JingSong State (part of China)
[[File:Grabplatte_Otto_I._Hachberg_Sausenberg.JPG80px]]Otto IBaden-Hachberg-Sausenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Purushottam Dev**Bastar State** (part of India)date=2018-08-08title=BASTARurl=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/b/bastar.htmlaccess-date=2025-04-27archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808190831/http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/b/bastar.htmlarchive-date=8 August 2018 }}
[[File:Robert 1 Bar.jpg80px]]Robert IBar Arms.svgDuchy of Bar (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Togbi Amedor Kpegla IAnlo Ewe (part of Ghana)
[[File:Statue of Triệu Vũ Đế (Emperor Zhao Tuo), Nanyuewang Miao 2015.11.12 09-10-58.jpg80px]]Zhao Tuo**Nanyue**
[[File:Catherine de Médicis - entourage de François Clouet.jpg80px]]Catherine de' MediciAuvergne (part of France)
Haydar Mohammad Khan BahadurPathari State65 yearsdate=February 2025}}
Matilda INevers (part of France)
Raja Miyan Syed Nuruddin AliTarakote Raj
[[File:Portret van vijf officieren en drie bedienden van het hof van Sitamau Thakoors of Seetamhow and Durbar. Rajpoot. Malwah (cropped), RP-F-2001-7-1122G-39.jpg80px]]Raja Raj Ram Singh ISitamau state flag.png Sitamau Statedate=February 2025}}
Nandivarman II**Pallava Empire** (India)
[[File:Pharnavaz I relief (2).jpg80px]]Pharnavaz I**Kingdom of Iberia** (part of Georgia)
ZhaoSong State (part of China)
Albert VFlag_of_the_Anhalt_Duchies.svg Anhalt-Dessau (part of Holy Roman Empire)64 years
[[File:Old Kannada inscription (876 AD) of Rashtrakuta King Amoghavarsha I at Veerabhadra temple in Kumsi.jpg80px]]Amoghavarsha**Rashtrakuta Empire** (part of India)
Henry VIHennenberg ZW.png Henneberg-Aschach-Römhild
(part of Holy Roman Empire)
Khuman III**Udaipur State** (part of India)
Mian Nigahi ChandAlelal-Bijapur (part of Maratha Empire)
Udai ChandBeja
Zhuang IState of Qi (part of China)
Andrew IVitré (part of France)63 years
Bagauda/YakanoKingdom of Kano (part of Nigeria)998/9991063/1064
Fahrettin Behramşah**Mengüjek** (part of Turkey)
Ganapati Deva**Kakatiya dynasty** (part of India)
George FrederickKirchberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Mahendra Singh BahadurBhadawar
Mahmud III**Mali Empire**
Pradip ShahGarhwal Kingdom (part of Maratha Empire)last=Rawatfirst=Ajay Singhtitle=Garhwal Himalaya: A Study in Historical Perspectivepublisher=Indus Publishing Companyyear=2002isbn=9788173871368pages=22}}
Raja Rampalji BahadurFlag of the Kutlehar State.svg Kutlehar State (part of British Raj)
Sripurusha**Western Ganga** (part of India)
Vijaya Sena**Sena dynasty** (part of India)last=Senfirst=Sailendratitle=A Textbook of Medieval Indian Historypublisher=Primus Booksyear=2013isbn=978-9-38060-734-4pages=35–36}}
Zombré**Wogodogo** (part of Nigeria)
Bhola Bhima II**Gurjaradesa** (part of India)62 years
Georg IIMontfort-Pfannberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Gopal LalKamta-Rajaula State
King Oldman**Miskito Nation** (part of Nicaragua and Honduras)
Prithvi Shah**Garhwal Kingdom** (part of Mughal Empire)
Tej Chand RaiBardhaman Raj (part of Bengal Subah, later British East India Company)
Abdul Jalilul AkbarBrunei61 years
Askia Hanga the Great**Dendi State** (part of Niger)
Bhavsinhji I RatanjiBhavnagar.jpg Bhavnagar State (part of Mughal Empire)
Cleomenes II**Sparta** (part of Greece)
Donnchadh MacMurrough Kavanagh**Laighin** (part of Ireland)
Hyeokgeose Geoseogan**Silla** (part of Korea)
[[File:Leon II of Abkhazia.jpg80px]]Leon II**Abasgia** (767–778), **Abkhazia** (778–828)
Peter IIFlag of the County of Urgell.svg Urgell (part of Catalonia, Spain)
Orontes III**Armenia**
Otto ISolms-Braunfels (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Rao Shri Vijayraj Singh**Sirohi** (part of India)
WinnemarManderscheid (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Erkenwin - John Speed.JPG80px]]ÆscwineKingdom of Essex (part of England)60 years
Adesida IKingdom of Akure (part of Nigeria)
Ali ibn Dawud I**Kilwa Sultanate** (part of Tanzania)
Avinita**Western Ganga** (part of India)
[[File:Egyptian - Intaglio Portrait of Cleopatra II - Walters 421319.jpg80px]]Cleopatra II**Egypt (Ptolemaic)**
Kotokuhene Nana Attafua**Akyem Kotoku** (part of Ghana)
Padam Singh BundelaJigni State (part of Mughal Empire)
Friedrich IICounty of Castell (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Gerhard I the ElderSchwarzburg–Hallermund (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Gopinath Birabara HarichandanTalcher state flag.png **Talcher State** (part of India)
Gusti Ngurah Agung IITabanan (part of Dutch East Indies)Mid
Heinrich IISalm-Blankenburg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Dinastie della grecia occidentale, hieron II, 32 litri di siracusa, 274-216 ac ca.JPG80px]]Hiero II**Syracuse** (part of Sicily, Italy)
Henry IIsenburg-Cleeberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:HunCoinDerivedFromSassanianDesign5thCE.JPG80px]]Khingila I**Alchon Huns** (part of India)
Kilhan**Dhundhar** (part of India)
Mayadunne**Kingdom of Sitawaka** (part of Sri Lanka)
Mölambo**Bubi Kingdom** (part of Nigeria)
Mutasiva**Anuradhapura Kingdom** (part of Sri Lanka)
Pawl**Kingdom of Glywysing** (part of Wales)
[[File:Place sttKingBhramamaharaja (cropped).jpg80px]]Phromkuman**Singhanavati** (part of Thailand)
Pravarsena I the Great**Vakataka** (part of India)
SophieCounty of Bar (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Post-Kushan Gandhara Kidara Shahis Sri Pravarasena Circa 6th-early 7th century CE.jpg80px]]Sri Pravarasena II**Alchon Huns** (part of India)
Vanghoji II RaoPhaltan State (part of Mughal Empire)
Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladithya**Kodungallur Chera** (part of India)59 years
Kulashekara Alupendra I**Alupa dynasty**
Bu Jiang**Xia dynasty** (part of China)
David I Anhoghin**Tashir-Dzoraget** (part of Armenia)
[[File:Sculpture in a wall at Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu.jpg80px]]Kulottunga IEastern Chalukyas, then Cholas
Harisingh VidyadharaDhenkanalflag.png **Dhenkanal State** (part of India)
HuState of Chen (part of China)
[[File:Duc de Berry.jpg80px]]John the MagnificentPoitou (part of France)
Mohan SinghRajgarhflag.png Rajgarh (part of Mughal Empire)
Muhammad Bayazid Khan BahadurJagir of Maler (1600–1657)
Malerkotla (1657–1659) (part of Mughal Empire)
Nawab Asad Ali KhanBasoda State
Konrad I the ScheererTübingen (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Shahi Tegin 728 CE.jpg80px]]Sri Tegin Shah**Turk Shahis/Kabul Shahis** (part of Afghanistan)
William IIICounty of Toulouse (part of France)
William IVJülich (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:武丁.jpg80px]]Wu Ding***Shang dynasty*** (part of China)
Bhaitai Dev**Bastar State**58 years
[[File:Zitonga Gomani II.jpg80px]]Gomani II Phillip**Maseko** (part of Malawi)
Guled Abdi**Isaaq Sultanate** (part of Somaliland)
[[File:Flateyjarbok Haraldr Halfdan.jpg80px]]Harald I Fairhair**Norway**
[[File:Heinrich II. (Baden-Hachberg).jpg80px]]Henry IIBaden-Hachberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Henry IIIsenburg-Grenzau (part of Holy Roman Empire)
Mwezi IV Gisabo**Kingdom of Burundi**
Nan**Zhou dynasty** (part of China)
Nedum Cheralathan**Chera Dynasty** (part of India)
Jit SenSuket flag.svg Suket (part of Mughal Empire)
Mulraj IIJaisalmer State (part of Maratha Empire, later British East India Company)
Rajapala**Gurjara-Pratihara** (part of India)
Ramasimhadeva**Karnata** (part of India)12271285
[[File:Rudolf-I-von-Sachsen.jpg80px]]Rudolph ISaxe-Wittenberg (part of Holy Roman Empire)
[[File:Kamadhia_Zulfikar_Ali_Khan_(1859-1921).png102x102px]]Sayyid Mir Zulfikar Ali KhanKamadhia (part of British Raj)
Tuoba Liwei/Emperor Shenyuan**Tuoba Clan** (part of China)
YusaKingdom of Kano (part of Nigeria)11361194
Bernhard IBentheim-Bentheim (part of Holy Roman Empire)57 years
Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg**Aq Qoyunlu** (part of Iran)
Birakesari Deva I Bhagirathi DevaKhurda Kingdom (part of Maratha Empire)
Deria Sugulle Ainanshe**Habr Yunis Sultanate** (part of Somaliland)
[[File:Miniature painting of Raja Jaswant Singh of Nabha seated and leaning against a bolster, inscribed in Perso-Arabic script.jpg80px]]Jaswant SinghNabha (part of British East India Company)
Jing**Qi** (part of China)
John IIAuxerre (part of France)
[[File:Pharasmanes I, by TAILLASSON, JJ.jpg80px]]Pharasmanes I the Great**Kingdom of Iberia** (part of Georgia)
Prithvi ChandBaghal State (part of Mughal Empire)
Kori**Oyo Empire** (part of Nigeria)
[[File:Mithradates VI of Pontos.jpg80px]]Mithridates VI**Pontus** (part of Turkey)
Nasir al-Din Muhammad**Mihrabanid dynasty**
Maredudd ap TewdwsKingdom of Dyfed (part of Wales)
Ramnarian SinghAnandpur State (part of British Raj)
[[File:Sargon of Akkad on his victory stele.jpg80px]]Sargon**Akkadian Empire** (part of Iraq)
Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah Al SharqiFujairah (part of United Arab Emirates)
Sourigna Vongsa**Lan Xang** (Laos)
[[File:MYSIA, Adramytion. Orontes. Satrap of Mysia, Circa 357-352 BC. Æ 10 mm (1.10 g). Head of satrap right.jpg80px]]Orontes I**Armenia**
[[File:Usiasłaŭ Połacki (Čaradziej). Усяслаў Полацкі (Чарадзей).jpg80px]]Vseslav II Bryachislavich**Polotsk** (part of Belarus)

Notes

References

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