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List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

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]] A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita but adjusted for the cost of living in each country.

In 2023, the estimated average GDP per capita (PPP) of all of the countries was Int$22,452. For rankings regarding wealth, see list of countries by wealth per adult.

Method

The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, so they should be used with caution.

Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made based on nominal GDP and savings (not just income), which do not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries (see List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita); hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards between economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in income.

This is why GDP (PPP) per capita is considered one of the indicators of a country's standard of living, The relation between GDP per capita and standard of living has been criticized. Alternative measures of standard of living include list of countries by average wage and disposable household and per capita income. GDP (PPP) and GDP (PPP) per capita are usually measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economy as the U.S. dollar in the United States. The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than 10 to over 40% of GDP. Since 2014, EU member states have been encouraged by Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.

Table

Main table

All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number. The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available year's estimates, and can be re-ranked by any of the sources.

  • Nearly all country links in the table connect to articles titled "Income in (country or territory)" or to "Economy of (country or territory)".
Country / territoryIMF
(2025)World Bank
(2023 or
2024)CIA
(2023 or
2024)
us*eft270,100
us*eft201,110210,600
us*eft156,970150,689132,600
us*eft152,395150,772128,200
us*eft147,878131,175115,300
us*eft132,648128,268112,800
us*eft122,283126,110110,900
us*eft119,719105,300
us*eft106,694101,03291,100
us*eft97,65993,81982,000
us*eft94,47290,00779,200
us*eft94,25879,90670,300
us*eft89,59985,81075,500
us*eft84,76379,51473,700
us*eft86,68978,100
us*eft84,40377,95968,600
us*eft84,03584,21970,900
us*eft84,08232,300
us*eft82,88675,94270,900
us*eft80,46678,25965,600
us*eft78,16570,400
us*eft78,91875,21666,200
us*eft78,71167,36460,500
us*eft75,88272,12663,100
us*eft74,85271,19363,300
us*eft74,66871,24362,700
us*eft73,55372,30062,800
us*eft73,06971,03163,300
us*eft72,35971,58865,900
us*eft71,43171,19360,100
us*eft69,27167,21159,100
us*eft66,51264,09155,600
us*eft66,06161,32254,500
us*eft65,50065,46356,700
us*eft65,30461,24053,300
us*eft**65,140****62,266****54,300**
us*eft65,08058,89550,400
us*eft63,75960,62052,500
us*eft63,12660,84753,100
us*eft59,85356,80648,000
us*eft57,71756,53148,500
us*eft57,20154,41447,200
us*eft56,88856,92648,400
us*eft55,78155,09448,200
us*eft55,76655,69147,300
us*eft55,34050,37845,100
us*eft54,81551,68546,100
us*eft51,52745,800
us*eft52,86651,63645,400
us*eft51,48950,15644,100
us*eft51,45348,57542,600
us*eft49,75350,61741,900
us*eft49,45144,96740,500
us*eft49,79346,500
us*eft49,08749,33441,500
us*eft49,04947,40541,700
us*eft48,84748,71240,600
us*eft48,15747,63640,700
us*eft47,59747,18140,300
us*eft44,98544,07437,800
us*eft44,77840,81335,900
us*eft44,10643,86738,900
us*eft43,78643,93235,300
us*eft43,66538,72934,100
us*eft43,65141,40536,400
us*eft42,47741,08634,100
us*eft42,21141,66436,700
us*eft42,11033,23929,200
us*eft42,00341,19836,200
us*eft37,19036,41832,000
us*eft36,06624,80923,400
us*eft35,90036,02131,700
us*eft35,28634,63730,200
us*eft34,40833,38027,900
us*eft34,09635,54531,300
us*eft34,06933,00629,000
us*eft33,95431,05127,300
us*eft32,74231,86726,900
us*eft31,48530,06327,000
us*eft31,38033,60229,600
us*eft31,31130,17626,500
us*eft30,71627,700
us*eft31,09028,41825,000
us*eft30,53827,54124,200
us*eft29,51026,58724,500
us*eft29,25827,56724,300
us*eft29,19127,10523,800
us*eft26,35924,70821,700
us*eft26,08125,08922,100
us*eft25,77125,68822,000
us*eft22,88520,40818,000
World}}25,59124,24821,300
us*eft24,90821,51018,900
us*eft23,95422,82320,100
us*eft24,82033,400
us*eft23,32723,48818,900
us*eft23,31022,33319,600
us*eft23,18422,67219,900
us*eft22,83021,97120,400
us*eft22,39621,49518,500
us*eft22,30322,06719,400
us*eft21,75919,09416,800
us*eft21,47318,44216,200
us*eft21,41420,16717,700
us*eft21,23521,27218,700
us*eft20,90418,55116,300
us*eft20,49317,56715,500
us*eft20,39218,62016,400
us*eft20,37819,09816,800
us*eft19,71718,52416,300
us*eft19,59018,71716,500
us*eft19,38121,30118,700
us*eft19,05320,53818,100
us*eft18,98017,80315,700
us*eft18,95817,53215,800
us*eft18,50917,55315,400
us*eft17,93113,95412,300
us*eft17,72216,25414,600
us*eft17,63416,44814,500
us*eft17,48416,38614,400
us*eft16,80515,84013,900
us*eft16,36616,03214,100
us*eft15,63213,800
us*eft16,05015,45813,600
us*eft15,39114,46412,700
us*eft15,10114,36912,600
us*eft14,98214,45112,700
us*eft14,92115,09313,300
us*eft13,92411,66210,300
us*eft13,87713,26411,700
us*eft12,57511,300
us*eft13,31011,78410,400
us*eft12,92011,79410,400
us*eft12,55911,87910,500
us*eft12,34211,68710,300
us*eft12,33511,2629,900
us*eft12,26814,32612,600
us*eft12,10111,1599,800
us*eft11,51110,8229,500
us*eft11,43911,1909,800
us*eft11,43710,3059,100
us*eft10,2589,6468,500
us*eft10,2168,3487,300
us*eft10,2129,7888,600
us*eft9,4886,4405,700
us*eft9,4087,7766,800
us*eft9,0828,7097,700
us*eft8,8708,0097,000
us*eft8,7854,900
us*eft8,7757,2716,400
us*eft8,7077,9707,000
us*eft8,4108,0277,100
us*eft8,2577,8376,900
us*eft8,1137,6546,700
us*eft8,0867,8527,100
us*eft7,9567,4866,600
us*eft7,7048,1987,200
us*eft7,5566,6195,800
us*eft6,9506,2875,500
us*eft6,5157,0266,200
us*eft6,4606,2305,500
us*eft6,1586,1515,800
us*eft6,1405,7365,000
us*eft6,0895,4064,800
us*eft5,7605,5924,900
us*eft5,6124,3713,800
us*eft5,4995,1104,500
us*eft5,4073,9213,500
us*eft4,9164,7584,200
us*eft4,9515,9805,300
us*eft4,6504,200
us*eft4,7614,3463,800
us*eft4,7514,5794,000
us*eft4,7194,4353,900
us*eft4,5034,2243,700
us*eft4,4203,2782,900
us*eft4,3714,2203,700
us*eft4,1003,7113,300
us*eft4,0154,0553,600
us*eft3,9043,2762,900
us*eft3,7624,8894,300
us*eft3,7053,7023,300
us*eft3,6991,8473,100
us*eft3,6803,4453,000
us*eft3,3733,2392,800
us*eft3,2793,0532,700
us*eft3,1552,9612,600
us*eft3,0892,9982,600
us*eft3,0192,8962,500
us*eft2,9963,6023,200
us*eft2,9762,9992,800
us*eft2,8903,3082,900
us*eft2,7122,8722,500
us*eft2,4192,1271,900
us*eft2,2012,000
us*eft2,0952,0151,800
us*eft2,0401,8841,700
us*eft1,9751,7101,500
us*eft1,9611,8841,700
us*eft1,8981,6001,400
us*eft1,7581,8591,600
us*eft1,7331,6701,500
us*eft1,674200
us*eft1,3691,2631,100
us*eft989950800
us*eft954400

Other territories

TerritoryCIAEstimateYear
us*eft270,1002024
us*eft210,6002024
us*eft84,6002014
us*eft71,0002023
us*eft70,8002015
us*eft61,7002014
us*eft56,6002016
us*eft52,5002014
us*eft46,2002006
us*eft40,5002024
us*eft35,6002016
us*eft34,6002024
us*eft31,0002024
us*eft29,8002024
us*eft24,5002016
us*eft23,7002024
us*eft23,3002024
us*eft19,3002005
us*eft19,3002024
us*eft11,2002016
us*eft11,1002021
us*eft7,8002010
us*eft6,0042017
us*eft3,8002004
us*eft7002024
us*eft6002023

Footnotes

{{anchor|distorted}}Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

Main article: Corporate haven#GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy, Corporate haven#Distorted GDP/GNP

There are many natural economic reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions (e.g. places rich in oil and gas tend to have high GDP-per-capita figures). However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures. It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens (see tax haven lists). An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign direct investment flows, which heavily influence the GDP of various jurisdictions, are described as "phantom" transactions.

In 2017, Ireland's economic data became so distorted by U.S. multinational tax avoidance strategies (see leprechaun economics), also known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP (and GNP) statistics as credible measures of its economy, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income (or GNI*). Ireland is one of the world's largest corporate tax havens.

A list of the top 15 GDP-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global tax havens (see GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy for more detail):

RankCountry/TerritoryType
1QatarOil & Gas
—*Macau*Tax haven (Sink OFC)
2LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
3SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4BruneiOil & Gas
5IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
6NorwayOil & Gas
7KuwaitOil & Gas
8United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
9SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
—*Hong Kong*Top 10 Tax Haven (Sink OFC)
10San MarinoTax haven (Sink OFC)
11United States59,495
12Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
13NetherlandsTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
14Iceland52,150
15BahrainOil & Gas

|

RankCountry/TerritoryType
1QatarOil & Gas
2LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
—*Macau*Tax haven (Sink OFC)
3SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4BruneiOil & Gas
5United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
6IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
7SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
8NorwayOil & Gas
—*Hong Kong*Top 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
9United States57,467
10Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
11Iceland51,399
12NetherlandsTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
13Austria50,078
14Denmark49,496
15Sweden49,175

| |- valign="top" |}

Notes

References

References

  1. "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024". [[International Monetary Fund]].
  2. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141025190701/http://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/sep/14/sarkozy-attacks-gdp-focus "Sarkozy attacks focus on economic growth (French president urges more emphasis on quality of life)"], [[The Guardian]], 14 September 2009.
  3. (October 2020)
  4. (November 2019). "Explaining the Shadow Economy in Europe: Size, Causes and Policy Options". International Monetary Fund.
  5. (9 July 2014). "Sizing Up Black Markets and Red-Light Districts for G.D.P.". The New York Times.
  6. (August 2014). "GDP to include illegal activity". Financier Worldwide Magazine.
  7. (6 March 2018). "Handbook on the compilation of statistics on illegal economic activities in national accounts and balance of payments". Eurostat.
  8. (14 October 2025). "GDP per capita, current prices - Purchasing power parity; international dollars per capita". [[International Monetary Fund]].
  9. (22 April 2025). "WEO Database, October April. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: World, E.U.". [[International Monetary Fund]].
  10. "GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)".
  11. "Country Comparisons - Real GDP per capita". [[The World Factbook]].
  12. "The World Factbook - European Union".
  13. "The World Factbook - World".
  14. (22 October 2024). "IMF DataMapper / Datasets / World Economic Outlook (October 2024) / Population". [[International Monetary Fund]].
  15. (11 June 2018). "How tax havens turn economic statistics into nonsense". Quartz.
  16. (2009). "Which Countries Become Tax Havens?". [[Journal of Public Economics]].
  17. (June 2018). "Piercing the Veil, Finance & Development, June 2018, Vol. 55, No. 2". IMF Finance & Development.
  18. (11 May 2018). "Ireland Exports its Leprechaun". Council on Foreign Relations.
  19. (13 July 2016). "The Irish National Accounts: Towards some do's and don'ts". irisheconomy.ie.
  20. "PPP (current international $)". World Bank.
  21. "World Bank, International Comparison Program database.".
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