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Lathosterol

Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule found small amounts in humans. The enzyme Δ7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase converts it to 7-dehydrocholesterol. It is accumulated in lathosterolosis.

Biosynthesis

The final step in the biosynthesis of lathosterol is by reduction of the double bond in the sidechain of the sterol 5α-cholesta-7,24-dien-3β-ol when acted on by the enzyme Δ24-sterol reductase, which uses nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as its cofactor.

In cholesterol biosynthesis

In vertebrates, lathosterol is an intermediate in the pathway to cholesterol via 7-dehydrocholesterol. The enzyme Δ7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase catalyses the oxidation reaction:

It uses two molecules of the cofactor ferrocytochrome b5 with two protons and one oxygen for each molecule of lathosterol converted.

References

References

  1. (1981). "The Distribution of Sterols and Related Steroids in Nature". The Biology of Cholesterol and Related Steroids.
  2. (2013). "JIMD Reports - Volume 12".
  3. {{KEGG enzyme. 1.3.1.72
  4. (1997). "Cholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol: development of a novel assay method and characterization of rat liver microsomal lanosterol delta 24-reductase". Biochem. J..
  5. {{KEGG enzyme. 1.14.19.20
  6. (1964). "The Intermediary Role of Δ5,7-cholestadien-3-β-ol in Cholesterol Biosynthesis". J. Biol. Chem..
  7. (1997). "Temperature-induced differential kinetic properties between an initial burst and the following steady state in membrane-bound enzymes: studies on lathosterol 5-desaturase". Arch. Biochem. Biophys..
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