Last European veterans by war

Early modern period

These cases, particularly with respect to the ages claimed by the veterans, cannot be verified.

• Anton Grolekofsky (1671/1672?–1785) – Polish soldier who lived in Sweden. Claimed to have fought in the Nine Years' War, Russo-Swedish War (1741–43) and Polish-Swedish War.
• Andreas Nielsen (1660?–1782) – Norwegian soldier. Claimed to be the last Scanian War veteran, to have had a long military career and seen many battles.
• Christian Jacobsen Drakenberg (1626?–1772) – Norwegian sailor. Claimed to have fought for Frederick III of Denmark in the Dano-Swedish War (1657–58) and again from 1675 to 1681 in the Scanian War.

17th century

[[English Civil War]] (1642–51)

• William Hiseland (1620?–1732) – Royalist. Last survivor of the Battle of Edgehill. Also fought in the Williamite War in Ireland and the War of the Spanish Succession. Retired with rank of sergeant. For 80-year service to the king, he became one of the earliest admitted to Royal Hospital Chelsea.

18th century

[[Great Northern War]] (1700–21)

• Petro Kalnyshevsky (1690, or 1691?–1803) – Russia. Served in a Zaporozhian Cossacks Regiment. Also fought in 1735–39 and 1768–74 Russo-Turkish Wars (by which time he was an Ataman).
• Abraham Lindqvist (1696–1801) – Sweden. Served as a Dragoon under Charles XII.

[[War of the Spanish Succession]] (1701–14)

• Ambrose Bennett (or Tennant) (1693/94–1800) – Great Britain. Served at the Battle of Malplaquet and reputedly died at the age of 106.

[[Jacobite risings]] (1719–45)

• Peter Grant (1714?–1824) – Jacobite. Fought at Culloden, Falkirk Muir and Prestonpans.

[[War of the Polish Succession]] (1733–35)

• Jean Thurel (1698–1807) – France. Also served in the War of the Austrian Succession, Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War. Known as "the oldest soldier of Europe."

[[History of the Russo-Turkish wars|Russo-Turkish wars]] (1735–74)

• Petro Kalnyshevsky (1691?–1803) – Zaporozhian Cossacks. Also fought in Great Northern War and Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) (by which time he was an Ataman).

[[War of the Austrian Succession]] (1740–48)

• Johann Georg Sauer (1713–1819) – Dutch Republic. Also served in the Revolutionary Wars.
• Jean Thurel (1698–1807) – France. Also served in the War of the Polish Succession, Seven Years' War, and the American Revolutionary War. Known as "the oldest soldier of Europe."

[[Seven Years' War]] (1754–63)

• Johann Heinrich Behrens (1735–1844) – Prussia. Died in Wolfenbüttel.
• Ezekiel Blackmarr (1742–1841) – Great Britain. Born in the American colonies. Enlisted in British forces and was their last survivor of the Battle of Havana (1762).
• László Skultéty (1738–1831) – Hungary.
• Paul François de Quelen de la Vauguyon (1746–1828) – France. Died in Paris.

[[French Revolution]] (1789–99)

• Nicolas Savin (1768/1787?–1894) – France. Enlisted in 2nd Regiment of Hussars in 1798. 1768 figure proclaims he was approximately 126 at time of death. Later served under Napoleon and was awarded the Legion d'Honneur.
• Giovanni Battista Campanella (1776?–1884) – France. Served in Italy during the French Revolutionary Wars and later in the 1812 Russian campaign.
• Arthur Dardenne (1776–1872) – France. Last surviving person to have taken part in the Storming of the Bastille.

19th century

[[Napoleonic Wars]] (1803–15)

• Vincent Markiewicz (1795?–1903) – France. Last Polish veteran. Fought for Napoleon. In 1912 there were three Polish men who claimed to have fought at Borodino, but it is unlikely they were real veterans due to lack of documentation and age ranges relatively high from 120 to 133.
• August Friedrich Schmidt (1795–1899) – Prussia. Last German veteran. Enlisted in March 1813 and is a candidate for last veteran of the Battle of Waterloo.
• Geert Adriaans Boomgaard (1788–1899) – France. Last Dutch veteran and verified veteran. Europe's oldest man at the time of his death. He fought for Napoleon in the 33ème Régiment Léger.
• Louis-Victor Baillot (1793–1898) – France. Last French veteran of the Battle of Waterloo. Also saw action at siege of Hamburg.
• Henry James (1799–1898) – United Kingdom. Last Royal Navy veteran. Enlisted in 1812 and served on . Saw action off Toulon.
• Lars Jespersen Kike (1796–1897) – Norway. Last Norwegian veteran of the Swedish-Norwegian War.
• Leonard Meesters (1796–1896) – France. Last Belgian veteran. Fought for Napoleon.
• Josephine Mazurkewicz (1794–1896) – France. Last female veteran. Assistant surgeon in Napoleon's army. Later partook in Crimean War.
• Ferdinand Scharnhorst (1797?–1893) – United Kingdom. Last British Army participant of Waterloo. Served in the King's German Legion.
• Gaspar Costela Vasquez (1787–1892) – Spain. Last veteran of the Battle of Trafalgar. Served in the navy aboard .
• Vasilij Nikolaevich Kochetkov (1785?–1892) – Russia. Enlisted 7 March 1811. Served in Grenadier Lifeguard Regiment at Borodino. Served 66 1/2 years until 12 October 1877 when wounded out of service in the Russian-Ottoman War.
• Joseph Sutherland (1789–1890) – United Kingdom. Served in the Royal Navy on and was the last British survivor of Trafalgar.
• Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1797–1888) – Prussia. Last monarch to have fought in the Napoleonic Wars. Served as an officer during the Battle of Bar-sur-Aube and at the Battle of Paris.

[[War of 1812]] (1812–15)

• Lewis Tobias Jones (1797–1895) – United Kingdom. Served in the Royal Navy on . Participated in the 1814 capture of . Also a Napoleonic Wars veteran.

[[Greek War of Independence]] (1821–32)

• John W. Stainer (1808–1907) – United Kingdom. Served in the Royal Navy on . Last survivor of the Battle of Navarino.
• Apostolos Mavrogenis (1798?–1906) – Greece. Served in the Army as a doctor. Served at Dervenakia and Drampala.
• Louis Pèlabon (1814–1906) – France. Served in the Navy on the Sirène. Fought at Navarino.

[[July Revolution]] (1830)

• Auguste Lebailly (1815–1911) – Orléanist.

[[Belgian Revolution]] (1830–31)

• Johannes van den Boom (1817–1918) – United Netherlands. Joined as a drummer boy at 14.
• Corstiaan Hagers (1811–1915) – United Netherlands. Last holder of the Metal Cross.
• Alexandre Fournier (1812–1914) – France.
• Jean-Philippe Lavalle (1809–1913) – Belgian Rebels.

[[First Opium War]] (1839–1842)

• John Bubeer (1820–1921) – United Kingdom. Served in the Royal Navy on .

[[Hungarian Revolution of 1848]]

• József Fischl (1827–1929) — Hungary. Served at Isaszeg and Segesvár.
• István Lebo (1826–1928) — Hungary. Last resident of the Hungarian Veterans Home.
• Artúr Görgey (1818–1916) — Hungary. Last Hungarian General.

[[Second Anglo-Sikh War]] (1848–49)

• John Stratford (1829–1932) — East India Company. Fought in the battles of Ramnagar, Challianwala, and Gujrat. Later served in the Anglo-Persian War as well as the Indian Mutiny.

[[First Schleswig War]] (1848–51)

• Jørgen Jørgensen Birkholm (1829–1931) — Denmark.
• Detlef Marxen (1826–1930) — Germany.

[[Crimean War]] (1853–56)

• James Gray (1836–1939) — British Empire. Served in the Royal Marine Artillery aboard .
• Yves Prigent (1833–1937) — French Empire. Served in the Navy on the frigate * Persévérante*.
• Cotton Edwin Theobald (1836–1936) — British Empire. Officer of the 55th Foot. Possibly last British officer. Also served in the Indian Mutiny and on the North-West Frontier.
• Edwin Bezar (1838–1936) — British Empire. Hostilities had ceased by the time he arrived; he worked on re-interring the dead and building cemetery walls. Also served in the New Zealand Wars.
• Luigi Parachini (c. 1832–1930) — Sardinia. Served under General La Màrmora.
• Edwin Hughes (1830–1927) — British Empire. Last survivor of Charge of the Light Brigade.

[[Indian Mutiny]] (1857–59)

• Charles Palmer (1847–1940) — British Empire. Nine-year-old boy who participated in the Siege of Lucknow.
• George Chrystie (1841–1939) — British Empire. Last British Army veteran.

[[Second Italian War of Independence]] (1859)

• Anton Neubauer (1836–1941) — Austrian Empire. Last survivor of the Battle of Solferino.
• Simone Piffaretti (1843?–1940) — Italy. Fought at San Fermo, Magenta, and Solferino.
• François Ribet (1835–1936) — French Empire.
• William John Newby (1832–1934) — British Empire. Last member of British Legion.

[[American Civil War]] (1861–1865)

• William Peter (1849–1951) — Union. Born in Germany.
• Jeremiah William Patrick O'Brien (1844–1950) — Confederate States. Born in Ireland.

[[Second French intervention in Mexico|French invasion of Mexico]] (1861–67)

• Jules Pujos (1846–1942) – French Empire.

[[January Uprising]] (1863–65)

• Feliks Bartczuk (1846–1946) – Poland.
• Antoni Suss (1844–1946) – Poland. Penultimate veteran.

[[Second Schleswig War]] (1864)

• Ludwig Herman Klein (1846–1943) – Denmark. Last Naval veteran. Served on the Geiser.
• Ove Henning Jacobsen (1841–1941) – Denmark. Last Army veteran. Fought at Dybbøl.

[[Expedition to Abyssinia]] (1867–68)

• Adrian Jones (1845–1938) – British Empire. Served as veterinary officer, believed to be last British survivor. Also served in First Boer War and Nile Expedition.

[[Franco-Prussian War]] (1870–71)

• Seraphin Pruvost (1849–1955) – France.
• Karl Glöckner (1845–1953) – Germany.

[[Paris Commune]] (1871)

• Adrien Lejeune (1847–1942) – Communards. Last Communard.
• Antonin Desfarges (1851–1941) – Communards. Last député.
• Eugène François Louis Liné (1850–1940) – France.

[[Anglo-Ashanti wars#Third Anglo-Ashanti War|Third Anglo-Ashanti War]] (1873–74)

• Harry Figg (1855–1953) – British Empire. Died in Sydney, Australia. Also served in the Zulu War, First Boer War and Second Boer War.

[[Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)]]

• Nene Hatun (1858–1955) — Ottoman Empire. Fought at the Battle of Erzurum.

[[Second Anglo-Afghan War]] (1878–80)

• Alfred Hawker (1858–1962) – British Empire. Served in the British Army.

[[Zulu War]] (1879)

• Harry Figg (1855–1953) – British Empire.
• Charles Wallace Warden (c.1854–1953) – British Empire. Transferred to First Foot in 1874.
• Frank Bourne (1854–1945) – British Empire. Last survivor of Rorke's Drift.

[[First Boer War]] (1880–81)

• Harry Figg (1855–1953) – British Empire. Fought at Majuba Hill and Laing's Nek. Previously served in the 1873 Ashanti War and the Anglo-Zulu War.

[[Anglo-Egyptian War]] (1882)

• Albert Canning (1861–1960) – British Empire. Served in the 19th Hussars. Also served in the Mahdist War and World War I.

[[Mahdist War]] (1882–99)

• James Richard Miles (1879–1977) – British Empire. Last British Army veteran of the Battle of Omdurman.

[[Spanish–American War]] (1898)

• Aurelio Diaz Campillo (1878–1989) – Spain. Served in the Army.
• Emilio Fabregat Fabregat (1878–1960) – Spain. Last survivor of the Siege of Baler.

20th century

[[Second Boer War]] (1899–1902)

• George Frederick Ives (1881–1993) – British Empire. Later emigrated to Canada.

[[Russo-Japanese War]] (1904–05)

• Alex Gory (1881–1989) – Russian Empire.

[[Macedonian Struggle]] (1904–08)

• Christos Papantoniou (1890–1995) – Greece.

[[Russian battleship Potemkin#The Uprising|Potemkin Mutiny]] (1905)

• Ivan Beshoff (1885–1987) – Potemkin rebels. Fled to Ireland in 1913.

[[Italo-Turkish War]] (1911–12)

• Michele Traini (1892–1996) – Italy. Sent to Libya in 1912. Returned home following WWI.

[[Balkan Wars]] (1912–13)

• Dumitrașcu Lăcătușu (1891–1999) – Romania. Served in the 11th Siret Regiment in 1913. Also served in WWI and WWII.
• Christos Papantoniou (1890–1995) – Greece. Also served in WWI and WWII.
• Hristo Getov-Obbov (1893–1994) – Bulgaria. Joined the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps in 1912. Also served in WWI.
• Hüseyin Kaçmaz (1884–1994) – Ottoman Empire. Also served in WWI.
• Danilo Dajković (1895–1993) – Montenegro. Also served in WWI.

[[World War I]] (1914–18)

Main article: List of last surviving World War I veterans by country

• Florence Green (1901–2012) – British Empire. Last Entente veteran and last veteran of World War I. Served as an officer's mess steward in the Royal Air Force; the Women's Royal Air Force.
• Claude Choules (1901–2011) – British Empire. Last combat veteran. Served in the Royal Navy on . Also last veteran to serve in both World Wars.
• Harry Patch (1898–2009) – British Empire. Last soldier to fight in the trenches.
• Franz Künstler (1900–2008) – Austria-Hungary. Last Central Powers veteran.
• Wilhelm Gisbert Groos (1894–1997) – German Empire. Last member of Jasta 11 and possibly last German flying ace of World War I

[[Easter Rising]] (1916)

• John "Jack" Rogers (1894–2000) – United Kingdom. Served in the Sherwood Foresters. Also served in WWI.
• Frederick Watson (1900–1997) – United Kingdom. Served in the Royal Dublin Fusiliers.
• Lily Kempson (1897–1996) – Irish rebels. Served in the Irish Citizen Army.
• William Conor Hogan (1898–1995) – Irish rebels. Served in the Irish Volunteers. Also served in the War of Independence and the Civil War.

[[October Revolution]] (1917)

• Boris Gudz (1902–2006) – Red Army. Also fought in Russian Civil War.

[[Russian Civil War]] (1917–22)

Russian participants:

• Anatoly A. Wolin (1902–2007) – Red Army.
• Boris Gudz (1902–2006) – Red Army. Also fought in October Revolution.
• Nikolai Fyodorov (1901–2003) – White Army.

European veterans of Allied Intervention:

• Alois Vocásek (1896–2003) – Czechoslovakia. Fought as a Legionnaire throughout Siberia on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
• Jean Piry (1896–2003) – France.
• Frank William Ivers (1902–2003) – United Kingdom. Last Naval veteran. Served in Royal Navy off Northern Russia.

[[Finnish Civil War]] (1918)

• Lauri Nurminen (1906–2009) – White Guards.
• Aarne Arvonen (1897–2009) – Red Guards.

[[Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919)]]

• Jan Rzepa (1899–2005) – Poland.

[[German Revolution of 1918–19]]

• Helmut Fink (1901–2009) – Weimar Republic. Served in the Freikorps.

[[Polish–Ukrainian War]] (1918–19)

• Grigory Ivanovich Kovpak (1905–2010) – Ukraine. Served in the Ukrainian Galician Army.
• Aleksander Sałacki (1904–2008) – Poland. Last Lwów Eaglet.

[[Estonian War of Independence]] (1918–20)

• Ants Ilus (1901–2006) – Estonia.
• Paavo Takula (1901–2004) – Finland. Last volunteer.
• Karl Jaanus (1899–2000) – Estonia. Last surviving Cross of Liberty recipient awarded during war.

[[Latvian War of Independence]] (1918–20)

• Arnolds Hofmanis (1900–2006) – Latvia. Died in Tukums, Latvia.
• Arvīds Lauris (1901–2003) – Latvia. Last surviving Order of Lāčplēsis recipient awarded during war.

[[Lithuanian Wars of Independence]] (1918–20)

• Kazys Varkala (1900–2005) – Lithuania. Fought against the Soviets and the Bermontians.
• Česlovas Januškevičius (1900–2001) – Lithuania. Last surviving Cross of Vytis recipient awarded during war. Fought the Polish in 1920.

[[Irish War of Independence]] (1919–21)

• Dan Keating (1902–2007) – Ireland. Served in the Irish Republican Army.
• Bert Clark (1899–2005) – United Kingdom. Served in the British Army.
• Hugh McIvor (1901–2002) – United Kingdom. Last member of the Royal Irish Constabulary.

[[Polish–Soviet War]] (1918–19)

• Alexander Imich (1903–2014) – Poland.
• Józef Kowalski (1900–2013) – Poland.

[[Silesian Uprisings]] (1919–21)

• Wilhelm Meisel (1904–2009) – Silesian rebels.

[[Turkish War of Independence]] (1919–23)

• Mustafa Şekip Birgöl (1903–2008) – Turkey.

[[Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)]]

• Veysel Turan (1901–2007) – Turkey.
• Napoleon Patricios (1899–2006) – Greece. Served on board the destroyer .

[[Rif War]] (1920–1926)

• Francisco Núñez Olivera (1904–2018) – Spain.

[[March on Rome]] (1922)

• Vasco Bruttomesso (1903–2009) – National Fascist Party.

[[Spanish Civil War]] (1936–1939)

• Josep Almudéver Mateu (1919–2021) – Spain. Last veteran of the International Brigades.
• Günther Scholz (1911–2014) – Germany. Last veteran of the Condor Legion.

[[1936 Naval Revolt]]

• José Júnior Barata (1916–2014) – Portuguese Navy rebels.

[[World War II]] (1939–45)

Main article: List of last surviving World War II veterans

• John Hemingway (1919–2025) – United Kingdom. Last veteran of the Battle of Britain. Served with No. 85 Squadron RAF.
• John Cruickshank (1920–2025) – United Kingdom. Last Victoria Cross recipient. Served in the British Army before joining the RAF in 1941.
• Kenneth Mayhew (1917–2021) – United Kingdom. Last Military Order of William recipient. Fought in the British Army at Normandy, Caen, Eindhoven–Arnhem, and Overloon.
• Rafael Gómez Nieto (1921–2020) – Free France. Last member of the 9th Company of 2nd Armored Division, the first Allied unit to enter Paris during the Liberation.

[[Korean War]] (1950–53)

• Sergey Kramarenko (1923–2020) – Soviet Union. Last surviving Soviet flying ace. Served in 324th Fighter Aviation Division. Soviet Air Force.
• Bill Speakman (1927–2018) – United Kingdom. Last Victoria Cross recipient. Served in the Black Watch, 3rd Battalion, Royal Regiment of Scotland, British Army.

References

References

1. Jeune and Vaupel, p.45.
2. (1999). "Validation of exceptional longevity". [[University Press of Southern Denmark]].
3. Jeune and Vaupel, p.61.
4. (1998). "The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 8; Volume 20". [[Encyclopædia Britannica]].
5. White, William. (1906). "Notes and queries, Volume 114". [[Oxford University Press]].
6. Winder, Robert. (9 May 1999). "It's a grand life for Chelsea's men in scarlet". [[The Independent]].
7. (10 February 1886). "A SOLDIER OF GREAT AGE.". [[The New York Times]].
8. [https://kpi.ua/kalnyshevsky Петро Калнишевський – останній кошовий Запорізької Січі]
9. [http://histpol.pl.ua/ru/biblioteka/ukazatel-po-nazvaniyam?id=4032 Калнышевский, Петр Иванович]
10. Topelius, Zacharias. (1908). "Fältskärns berättelse". Bonnier, Albert.
11. Palmén, Ernst Gustaf. (1908). "Oma maa: Toukokuu-Kesäku". Söderström.
12. Grant, James. (1873). "British battles on land and sea". Cassell, Petter, and Galpin.
13. Bailey, Thomas. (1857). "Records of longevity, with an introductory discourse on vital statistics". Darton.
14. Love, Dana. (2013). "Jacobite Stories". Neil Wilson Publishing.
15. (1808). "The American register, or general repository of history, politics and science, Volume 2". C & A. Conrad and Company.
16. Behrens, Johann H.. (1840). "Lebensgeschichte des 105-jährigen in Wolfenbüttel lebenden Invaliden-Unterofficiers Joh. Heinr. Behrens eines Zeitgenossen und Kriegers Friedrich's des Großen". Holle.
17. Samuel Hazard. (1841). "Hazard's United States Commercial and Statistical Register". W. F. Geddes.
18. "Kálmán Nagy, A magyar huszár születése, dicsõ harcai és történelmi jelentõsége". Lovasok.hu.
19. (1857). "Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours avec les renseignements bibliographiques et l'indication des sources à consulter". Paris, Firmin Didot frères, fils et cie.
20. Mathieu, Frédéric. (2008). "Napoléon, les derniers témoins". Éditions Sébirot.
21. E. Treves. (1884). "L'Illustrazione popolare".
22. (February 27, 1884). "Een veteraan van Napoleon's leger". Haarlemsch Advertentieblad.
23. (1873). "Necrological Table". The British Almanac.
24. Lambruso, Albert. (1902). "Revue Napoléonienne". F. Casanova.
25. Schafer, Rob. (February 4, 2023). "THE REAL 'LAST SURVIVOR' OF THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO".
26. Bibet/Librairie des deux empires, Jean-Pierre. (1998). "Louis-Victor Baillot, le dernier survivant de Waterloo.". Histoire du Consulat et du Premier Empire.
27. [https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/2015/06/mystery-waterloos-last-living-soldier The mystery of Waterloo's last living soldier]
28. (14 January 1898). "Commander Henry James". The Westminster Budget.
29. (1897). "Veteran Officers Of The Navy". Hudson & Kearns.
30. (27 January 1897). "Lars Kike: En af Gamlekarene fra 1814". Nordenfjeldsk Tidende.
31. (1 January 1896). "En Veteranen". Glommendalen.
32. Glover, Gareth. (2015). "Waterloo in 100 Objects". The History Press.
33. (1894). "The Annual Register: A Review of Public Events at Home and Abroad for the Year 1893". Longmans, Green, and Co..
34. Adkins, Roy. (2006). "Nelson's Trafalgar: The Battle That Changed the World". Penguin Books.
35. (2012). "Trafalgar: The men, the battle, the storm". Hodder & Stoughton.
36. Fraser, Edward. (1906). "The enemy at Trafalgar". D. P. Dutton.
37. Alzamov, Boris. (2017). "Петербург – столица русской гвардии. История гвардейских подразделений. Структура войск. Боевые действия. Выдающиеся личности". LitRes.
38. Gibraltar Chronicle. (23 October 2018). "Battle of Trafalgar remembered". Gibraltar Chronicle.
39. "Biografie Wilhelm I". Deutsches Historisches Museum.
40. (1895). "Among Our Contemporaries". L. R. Hamersly & Company.
41. Kenneth Douglas-Morris. (April 19, 2012). "Naval General Service Medal Roll 1793–1840". Andrews UK Limited.
42. (14 August 2013). "Απόστολος Μαυρογένης: Ο πρώτος στρατιωτικός ιατρός της επανάστασης του 1821". NewsNow.
43. "Μαυρογένης Απόστολος". National Hellenic Research Foundation.
44. (20 October 1906). "UN COMBATTANT DE NAVARIN". La Lanterne.
45. (1907). "Revue de Provence". P. Ruat.
46. (3 December 1911). "LAST SURVIVOR OF JULY REVOLUTION IS DEAD". The San Francisco Call.
47. (1905). "Je sais tout". Pierre Lafitte Publications.
48. (9 July 1912). "Gisteren herdacht de oud-stijder". Leidsch Dagblad.
49. (11 December 1918). "Een oud-strijder". Leidsche Courant.
50. (9 November 1915). "De laatste Metalen-Kruisridder". Leidsche Courant.
51. (4 October 1912). "Een oude oud-strijder". Leidsche Courant.
52. (28 December 1911). "LE CENTENAIRE DE MAINCY". Le Petit Journal.
53. (11 February 1912). "Centenaire décoré". La Croix.
54. (1979). "Miroir de l'histoire". Nouvelle librairie de France.
55. (1909). "Le dernier survivant des combattants de 1830". Bruxelles.
56. (21 Jan 1921). "HIS 101st BIRTHDAY". Daily Herald.
57. (21 Jan 1921). "Brixham Centenarian: Survivor of China War of 1842". Western Morning News.
58. (March 1929). "Százkét éves korában influenzában meghalt a legutolsó negyvennyolcas honvéd". Huszadik Század.
59. (24 November 2005). "Wolverhampton says goodbye to a century-old soldier". Black Country Bugle.
60. "En Veteran Fra 48, der fylder 100 Ar". MyHeritage.
61. (14 June 1930). "War Veteran of 104". The Auckland Star.
62. (1930). "Das Echo: Mit Beiblatt Deutsche Export Revue. Wochenzeitung Für Politik, Literatur, Export und Import". Auslandverlag.
63. Austin, Dr. Douglas J.. (April 2011). "A Last Survivor Of The Crimean War?". Crimean War Research Society.
64. (19 May 1937). "LE DOYEN DES FRANÇAIS, M. YVES PRIGENT, EST MORT HIER MATIN A PORTSALL". L'Ouest-Éclair.
65. (25 July 1936). "Officer Who Joined The Army in 1854 Bournemouth". The Gazette.
66. (28 May 1930). "LAST SURVIVOR OF CRIMEA WAR DIES BUSTO ARSIZIO". The Sandusky Register.
67. (27 July 2009). "Hall of Fame: Balaclava Ned". [[BBC News]].
68. (July 13, 1939). "ONLY ONE LEFT NOW – INDIAN MUTINY SURVIVOR". Tweed Daily.
69. (August 12, 1939). "Fought In The Mutiny". Voice.
70. (July 16, 1936). "Hero Celebrates 100th Birthday". The Ogden Standard-Examiner.
71. J. Marwil. (2010). "Visiting Modern War in Risorgimento Italy". Springer.
72. (3 April 1940). "La morte nel Comasco di un vecchio garibaldino". La Stampa.
73. "Campagnes de Crimée (1853–1856), d'Italie (1859), d'Afrique (1864), du Mexique (1862–1867)". derniersveterans.free.fr.
74. (March 28, 1934). "Garibaldi Survivor". The Barrier Miner.
75. Hoar, Jay S.. (2007). "The North's Last Boys in Blue". Higginson Book Co..
76. (25 April 1950). "Heron Lake Man Is 101 Today, Plans Quiet Observance but Not Because of His Health". Sioux City Journal.
77. Hoar, Jay S.. (2010). "The South's Last Boys in Gray". Higginson Book Co..
78. Shields, Damian. (2013). "Irish in the American Civil War". The History Press.
79. (28 June 1950). "105-Year-Old Confederate Vet Dies In Texas". Corsicana Daily Sun.
80. (12 January 1937). "légion d'honneur". Journal officiel de la République française.
81. (2002). "Żołnierska danina życia od 1657 roku". IHAP.
82. (23 November 2010). "Antoni Suss". Nieobecni.com.pl.
83. (February 1943). "Den sidste Marine-Veteran død". The Danish Navy Association.
84. (2003). "Personalhistorisk tidsskrift". Society for Danish Genealogy and Staff History.
85. "Inventory Search". National Army Museum.
86. Bowd, Gavin. (2007). "Le dernier communard: Adrien Lejeune". Editions L'Harmattan.
87. (10 February 1940). "Les obsèques de M. Liné". Le Journal de l'Orne.
88. (24 May 1947). "OBSERVANCE OF EMPIRE DAY". The Sydney Morning Herald.
89. (24 May 1953). "Mr. Figg, Zulu War Veteran, Dies". The Sunday Herald.
90. McWhirter, Ross and Norris (editors). (1972). "The Guinness Book of Records". Guinness Superlatives Ltd.
91. Warre, H.J.. (1878). "Historical records of the Fifty-seventh, or, West Middlesex Regiment of Foot". W. Mitchell and Co.
92. (24 November 1960). "COLONEL ALBERT CANNING, C.M.G.". Devizes and Wiltshire Gazette.
93. Pugh, R. J. M.. (2011). "Wingate Pasha: The Life of General Sir Francis Reginald Wingate 1861–1953". Pen and Sword.
94. (23 October 1977). "AURELIO DIAZ CAMPILLO: EL ULTIMO DE CUBA". ABC.
95. Noriega, Ignacio Gracia. (18 June 1989). "El tío Aurelio de Tielve". La Nueva España.
96. Sociedad Castellonense de Cultura. (1974). "Boletín de la Sociedad Castellonense de Cultura". Sociedad Castellonense de Cultura.
97. Davies, David Twiston. (1996). "Canada from afar: the Daily telegraph book of Canadian obituaries". [[Dundurn Group]].
98. "Alex Gory Park". Northern Territory Government.
99. (1995). "Ο τελευταίος Μακεδονομάχος Χρήστος Παπαντωνίου". Macedonian Life.
100. (28 October 1987). "Ivan Beshoff, Last Survivor Of Mutiny on the Potemkin".
101. Capodarca, Valido. (4 January 2017). "E I NOSTRI SOLDATI IN LIBIA? COSA FACEVANO NEL FRATTEMPO?". A.N.M.I.G. Barletta.
102. (1994). "La Guerra Italo-Turca (1911–1912". Rivista Militare.
103. Iancu, Mariana. (December 17, 2016). "Povestea ultimului supraviețuitor român al Primului Război Mondial. A murit uitat de stat, în cel mai crunt anonimat". Adevărul.
104. Danailov, George. (2002). "Доколкото си спомням". ABAGAR JSC.
105. McLachlan, Mat. (2015). "Gallipoli: The Battlefield Guide". Hachette, Australia.
106. (15 March 2011). "ÇANAKKALE ZAFERİ'NİN 96. YIL DÖNÜMÜ -ETKİNLİKLER KAPSAMINDA İSTİKLAL GAZİSİ HÜSEYİN KAÇMAZ'IN OĞLU TURGUT KAÇMAZ'IN "SAKLI HATIRALAR" FOTOĞRAF SERGİSİ AÇILDI". TRT Haber.
107. link. Serbian Orthodox Church. (September 12, 2008)
108. "An Honour Goblet Group to Leutnant Gisbert Groos of von Richthofen's "Flying Circus"". Emedals.com.
109. Van Emden, Richard. (6 December 2013). "John 'Jack' Rogers". WordPress.com.
110. Richardson, Neil. (2015). "According to their Lights". The Collins Press.
111. Friel, Laura. (April 16, 1998). "The story of Lily Kempson and her fight for freedom". Republican News.
112. "The Four Courts Reilly's Fort". IrishMedals.org.
113. "Four Court Garrison: Roll of Honor". 1916 Rebellion Museum.
114. McCarthy, Mark. (2016). "Ireland's 1916 Rising: Explorations of History-Making, Commemoration & Heritage in Modern Times". Routledge.
115. (24 January 2007). "Boris Gudz". [[The Times]].
116. Makhkamova, Uliana. (11 May 2007). "Сталинский прокурор: Он был назначен Сталиным. Но до сих пор не может простить ему ошибок и разделяет с ним его вину". Government of Russia.
117. Вестник РОВС. (2004). "НИКОЛАЙ ВАСИЛЬЕВИЧ ФЁДОРОВ (1901–2003)". Russian All-Military Union.
118. Velinger, Jan. (14 August 2003). "OLDEST CZECH LEGIONNAIRE WAS NEVER ABLE TO CLEAR TARNISHED REPUTATION". Radio Prague.
119. "Alois Vocásek (* 1896 † ︎ 2003)". Paměti národa.
120. (3 January 2003). "A Toast to B.C.'s Senior Senior". Vancouver Sun.
121. (1 April 2003). "Births & Deaths". Vancouver Sun.
122. Saukkonen, Eila. (1 January 2018). "Nuori mies selvisi sisällissodan ensimmäisestä joukkoteloituksesta – hänestä tuli myöhemmin paperitehtaan johtaja". Aamulehti.
123. Tietotoimisto, Suomen. (16 January 2009). "Viimeinen sisällissodan veteraani kuoli 111-vuotiaana". [[Uusi Suomi]].
124. Dariusz, Roszak. (20 March 2007). "JAN RZEPA". Gazeta Wyborcza.
125. (2005). "Kronika Wielkopolski". Państwowe Wydawn. Naukowe.
126. Sulanke, Alexander. (18 March 2009). "Schlagzeuger (fast 18) trifft Flötisten (108)". [[Hamburger Abendblatt]].
127. Yakel, Roman. (14 November 2008). "Останній громадянин ЗУНР". Dzerkalo Tyzhnia.
128. (1 November 2008). "ОСТАННІЙ ГРОМАДЯНИН ЗУНР ЖИВЕ У ЧЕРНІВЦЯХ". Television News Service (TSN).
129. Pierończyk, Jolanta. (14 May 2007). "Aleksander Sałacki skończył 103 lata". NaszeMiasto.pl.
130. Strzoda, Ewa. (15 April 2008). "Odszedł niezwykły tyszanin". Twoje Tychy.
131. (4 February 2006). "Suri viimane Vabadussõja veteran Ants Ilus". Postimees.
132. "IN MEMORIAM Vabadussõja veteran Ants Ilus 1901–2006". Kaitseliit.
133. Turunen, Juhani. (23 February 2004). "Vabadussõjas võidelnud soomlane saadab tervisi". Postimees.
134. (19 June 2004). "Kaitseminister saatis Soome kaastundeavalduse". Eesti Päevaleht.
135. Pihlak, Jaak. (2005). "PILISTVERE KIHELKOND JA VABADUSE RISTI VENNAD". Viljandi Muuseum.
136. Leitis, Aivars. (2005). "Tīrradņi: naivā māksla Latvijā". Neputns.
137. Baltic News Network. (16 August 2003). "ASV miris pēdējais Lāčplēša ordeņa kavalieris". Delfi.
138. Lietuvos žinios. (2005). "Mirė paskutinis Nepriklausomybės kovų savanoris". Delfi News.
139. Urbonavičiūtė, Romualda. (13 March 2010). "Lietuvos istorijos viražai: Vyčio Kryžius". Šiaulių naujienos.
140. (22 July 2016). "ČIKAGOS AIDE RAŠOMA". Association of Local Government Municipalities of Lithuania.
141. (3 October 2007). "Irish Civil War veteran dies at 105". BBC News.
142. Arthur, Max. (2014). "Last Post: The Final Word From Our First World War Soldiers". Orion Publishing Group.
143. Smith, David. (13 November 2004). "Last veterans to tell their war stories". The Observer.
144. (4 January 2002). "RIC's last survivor dies". The News Letter.
145. Blumenthal, Ralph. (4 May 2014). "An Ever-Curious Spirit, Unbeaten After 111 Years". The New York Times.
146. Dobosiewicz, Agnieszka. (2 February 2011). "Pan Józef Kowalski ma 111 lat". Radio Zachód.
147. (19 July 2011). "TAM, GDZIE NASZ OSTATNI ŻYJĄCY BOHATER I NAJSTARSZE POLSKIE MIASTO – TAM DOTARLI Z WIZYTĄ I POZDROWIENIAMI AMBASADORZY MIASTA CUDU NAD WISŁĄ… (19 July 2011)". Kurier W.
148. Książek, Mirosława. (1 January 2009). "Wilusiowi stuknie 105 lat!".
149. (10 June 2009). "Odszedł najstarszy Ślązak". Nowiny.
150. (11 November 2008). "Mustafa Şekip Birgöl (1903–2008)". Kim Kimdir.
151. "Napoleon Patricios (1899–2006)". Geni.com.
152. Gomez, Shirley. (31 January 2018). "World's Oldest Man Dead At 113: Francisco Núñez Olivera Was Veteran Of Spanish Civil War". The Latin Times.
153. Del Campo, Eduard. (January 24, 2016). "El abuelo del planeta es español". El Mundo.
154. Frattina, Giannino. (3 January 2009). "Varese, è morto l'ultimo veterano della Marcia su Roma: aveva 105 anni". [[il Giornale]].
155. Jones, Sam. (25 May 2021). ""Last international brigader", survivor of Spanish civil war, dies aged 101". The Guardian.
156. Santos, Nuno. (7 July 2014). "Morreu José Barata, o último sobrevivente da Revolta dos Marinheiros de 1936". [[Público (Portugal).
157. (6 July 2014). "Morreu o último homem da Revolta dos Marinheiros de 1936". [[Expresso (newspaper).