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Lakh

100,000 in the Indian numbering system

100,000 in the Indian numbering system

A lakh (; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105). In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as 1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.

Usage

In Indian English, the word is used both as an attributive and non-attributive noun with either an unmarked or marked ("-s") plural, respectively. For example: "1 lakh people"; "lakhs of people"; "20 lakh rupees"; "lakhs of rupees". In the abbreviated form, usage such as "5L" or "5 lac" (for "5 lakh rupees") is common. In this system of numeration, 100 lakh is called one crore and is equal to 10 million.

Formal written publications in English in India tend to use lakh and crore for Indian currency and Western numbering for foreign currencies, such as dollars and pounds.

Silver market

The term is also used in the pricing of silver on the international precious metals market, where one lakh equals 100000 ozt of silver.

Etymology and regional variants

The modern word lakh derives from , originally denoting "mark, target, stake in gambling", but also used as the numeral for "100,000" in Gupta-era Classical Sanskrit (Yājñavalkya Smṛti, Harivaṃśa). ; By language

  • Assamese: লক্ষ lokhyo, or লাখ lakh
  • Bengali: natively (tadbhava) known as লাখ lākh, though some use the ardha-tatsama লক্ষ lokkho.
  • Bhojpuri: 𑂪𑂰𑂎 lākh
  • Hindustani: (Hindi: लाख, Urdu: {{nastaliq|لاکھ}}) lākh
  • Dhivehi: ލައްކަ lakka
  • Gujarati: લાખ lākh
  • Kannada: ಲಕ್ಷ lakṣha
  • Kashmiri: {{nastaliq|لَچھ}} lachh
  • Khasi: lak
  • Malayalam: ലക്ഷം laksham
  • Marathi: लाख/लक्ष lākh/laksha
  • Meitei: ꯂꯥꯛ lāk
  • Nepali: लाख lākh
  • Odia: ଲକ୍ଷ låkhyå
  • Punjabi: (Shahmukhi: {{nastaliq|لکھ}}, Gurmukhi: ਲੱਖ) lakkh
  • Sanskrit: लक्ष sa
  • Sinhala: ලක්ෂ si
  • Tamil: இலட்சம் latcham
  • Telugu: లక్ష laksha

References

References

  1. (15 December 2008). "lakh". [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]].
  2. {{OED1. lakh
  3. {{cite EB1911
  4. (23 March 2020). "Understanding Mathematics Through Problem Solving". World Scientific.
  5. Shapiro, Richard. (16 August 2012). "The most distinctive counting system in English? Indian cardinal numbers". [[Oxford English Dictionary]].
  6. (3 July 2017). "CME Group/Thomson Reuters step down from executing the London silver fix".
  7. "Units of Measure". perthmint.com.au.
  8. (1985). "lakṣá10881". Digital South Asia Library, a project of the Center for Research Libraries and the University of Chicago.
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