Kokomo, Indiana

History

Early history and incorporation

The city of Kokomo was named after the Miami man Ma-Ko-Ko-Mo, said to have been one of the four sons of Chief Richardville, last of the chiefs of the Miami people. Tradition holds that David Foster, the "Father of Kokomo," named the town Kokomo after the "ornriest Indian on earth" because Kokomo was "the ornriest town on earth."{{Cite web | access-date = June 17, 2013 | archive-date = January 16, 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140116071928/http://www.howardcountymemory.net/item.aspx?details=44911 | url-status = dead

As a result of various removals, by 1840 the Miami population in Howard County (until 1846 known as Richardville County) was reduced to about 200. The principal settlement was the Village of Kokomo, on the south side of Wildcat Creek. Indian paths connected Kokomo with Frankfort and Thorntown (along the Wildcat) and led to Peru by way of Cassville, and to Meshingomesia by way of Greentown.

Shortly after Richardville County was organized in 1844 the commissioners appointed to establish the county seat approached Foster for a donation from his substantial holdings. (In 1846 tax records show that he owned 552 acre of farmland and as well as 67 divided lots in the business district.) At the time of the request the only improvements in what is now Kokomo were Foster's log house and log barn and several Miami huts. The commissioners sought a donation of the more fertile lands south of Wildcat Creek, but Foster refused, donating instead 40 acre north of the creek—land which was thickly forested and "swampy." The terms of the donation required that Foster build a courthouse on the land, but he was later excused and Rufus L. Blowers was promised $28 to build it. He was penalized $2 for construction delays. The log courthouse was completed in 1845.{{Cite web |access-date=June 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112234020/http://chestnut.kokomo.lib.in.us/glhs/history/timeline.html |archive-date=November 12, 2013

In June 1855, Henry A. Brouse petitioned the board of Howard county commissioners to incorporate the town of Kokomo. The original election was not held (for unspecified reasons), but another took place on October 1, 1855. After a vote of 62–3 in favor of incorporation, the board so ordered it.

On March 31, 1865, an election was held for Kokomo to assume a city government. The resolution was passed, and Nelson Purdum was elected the first mayor.

Early growth

In anticipation of business that the court would bring, Kokomo began a fairly quick growth from the time that lots were first sold on October 18, 1844. John Bohan, who would become a major shop owner, merchant, justice of the peace and investor, moved to Kokomo in December 1844, and erected the first two-story frame house, not only in Kokomo, but in all the county.

After the enactment of the 1846 pre-emption law, settlers rapidly attempted to secure homesteads in the surrounding lands.

In 1848 Stonebreaker's Mill, 10 mi west of Kokomo, began operations. By 1850 Kokomo had a newspaper, when James Beard purchased the printing equipment of the New London Pioneer and set up the Howard Tribune.{{Cite web

On April 1, 1854, Kokomo's first bank, the Indian Reserve Bank, was organized with David Foster, John Bohan and Harless Ashly the principal shareholders. (It only lasted a few years until a robbery impaired its capital. The loss substantially injured Foster's fortune.)

Railroads

1854 saw the first railroad stop at Kokomo. The New London Pioneer had long advocated for a rail line to connect Kokomo with Indianapolis. Colonel C.D. Murray was the agent at Kokomo for stock subscriptions in support of the railroad. In 1852 the construction of the Peru and Indianapolis Railroad commenced. In Kokomo Samuel C. Mills and Dr. Corydon Richmond, commercial competitors of David Foster, donated several lots to the railroad in order to secure the location of the rail depot near their commercial property. The route was laid along Buckeye Street at the insistence of the merchants who hoped to reduced drayage expenses. Samuel Mills built a large frame structure at the Howard flouring mills, which served as a warehouse for the company's freight and a passenger depot. For some time after 1854 Kokomo was the terminus of the line, but eventually the line was extended to Peru and then to Michigan City.{{Cite web

A short time after the construction of the Peru and Indianapolis Railroad began, the Pennsylvania Railroad announced that one of its lines would pass through Kokomo. By 1853 a line was commenced between Kokomo and Logansport (which was intended to become the hub of a network of lines for the company). Railroad service was inaugurated on that line on July 4, 1855.

The most important rail line for Kokomo became the standard-gauge Clover Leaf line. This railroad would eventually link Kokomo with both the West Coast and the Eastern Seaboard. It began as a short line linking Frankfort and Kokomo, the Frankfort and Kokomo Railroad. Henry Y. Morrison of Frankfort was the principal promoter, and A.Y. Comstock acted for him in Kokomo. A failure of the proposed subsidy caused the promoters to turn all assets over to the contractors, who promised to complete the line. Construction began in 1873 and was completed the following year. Limited freight between the two cities made the line unprofitable. After a series of acquisitions by other railroads, the line became part of the Toledo, St. Louis and Kansas City Railroad. A line connecting it to the east reached Kokomo on January 1, 1881.

Mayor Cole

In 1881, one of the most remarkable and controversial events in Kokomo's history took place. Mayor Henry C. Cole was shot to death by a sheriff's posse. Dr. Cole had a curious history and had stirred up a great deal of passion in the previous fifteen years. He was reputed to have been a gifted surgeon, who served in the Union Army during the Civil War and when afterwards he settled in Kokomo, he became a prominent physician. In Kokomo he married a woman, Natalie Cole, of whom he became intensely jealous.{{Cite web | access-date = May 18, 2013 | archive-date = February 22, 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140222022227/http://www.howardcountymemory.net/item.aspx?details=36919 | url-status = dead

Cole's reputation for violent instability, and the cowardice in the way he killed Allen, created many enemies for him, but his generosity toward poor patients and a promise to "clean up" the town won him enough support to win a bitter election for Mayor in 1881. The sheriff claimed that an informant had advised him that Cole was planning to rob a flour mill, possibly to incriminate his enemies. The posse was forced to fire on Cole in self-defense (the sheriff claimed he had two revolvers) and to prevent his escape, although his injuries seemed inconsistent with that version. Cole's supporter's argued that no revolvers or burglary tools were produced and that the motive was implausible. Nevertheless, no action was taken against Bennett or the other members of the posse.

Natural gas boom

Natural gas had been developed in Pennsylvania and Canada for some time, and had most recently been developed around Findlay, Ohio. In March 1886, a group of citizens, led principally by A.Y. Comstock (who had promoted the Frankfort and Kokomo Railroad) and D.C. Spraker (later President of Kokomo Rubber Company), circulated a memorandum seeking subscribers (at $100 each) for the purpose of boring for gas at a distance of at least 2000 ft below ground. It took until September to obtain the necessary 22 subscribers. The first rig was built south of Wildcat Creek. and on October 6, 1886, natural gas erupted forth and the well was capped.

Together with the well in Eaton, which began producing slightly before Kokomo's, the discovery led to the Indiana Gas Boom. This discovery was directly responsible for Elwood Haynes' move to Kokomo, as a superintendent with a gas company with interests in Kokomo and Howard County. The Diamond Plate Glass Company (now part of PPG Industries) began in Kokomo in 1887, lured by the cheap and plentiful natural gas. The Kokomo Opalescent Glass Works started making stained glass in Kokomo in 1888 and has been in continuous operation ever since.{{Cite web | access-date = August 21, 2012 | archive-date = May 16, 2016 | archive-url = http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160516114932/http://www.kog.com/history.html | url-status = dead

"City of Firsts"

As a result of the natural gas boom, Kokomo attracted an increasing number of industries, which resulted in significant technological innovations. For these industrial and technical achievements, Kokomo is officially known as the "City of Firsts."{{Cite web | access-date = August 19, 2012 | access-date = August 19, 2012 | archive-date = December 4, 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081204125743/http://www.wpi.edu/About/History/Profiles/steel.html | url-status = dead

Kokomo serves as the "City of Firsts" in the food industry as well. In 1928 Walter Kemp, Kemp Brothers Canning Co. developed the first canned tomato juice because of a request by a physician in search for baby food for his clinic.{{Cite web | access-date = August 19, 2012 |access-date = August 19, 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120304022025/http://www.creativemag.com/rest501.html |archive-date = March 4, 2012 |url-status = dead

The following inventions are associated with Kokomo:

• 1894 – Elwood Haynes makes the first successful trial run of his "horseless carriage" on Pumpkinvine Pike, which is now Boulevard east of Indiana 931 (formerly U.S.31.)
• 1894 – The first pneumatic rubber tire in the US was created by D.C. Spraker at the Kokomo Rubber Tire Company.
• 1895 – The first aluminum casting was developed by William "Billy" Johnson from the Ford and Donnelly Foundry.
• 1902 – Kingston carburetor developed by George Kingston.
• 1906 – The first Stellite cobalt-base alloy was discovered by Elwood Haynes.
• 1912 – Stainless steel tableware was invented by Elwood Haynes as a response to his wife's desire for tableware that wouldn't tarnish.
• 1918 – The Howitzer shell, used in World War I, was created by the Superior Machine Tool Company.
• 1918 – The first aerial bomb with fins was produced by the Liberty Pressed Metal Company.
• 1920 – The mechanical corn picker was created by John Powell.
• 1923 – William Swern Sr. developed the first tire-building machine for mass production of auto tires
• 1928 – The first canned tomato juice was created by Walter Kemp from Kemp Brothers Canning Company in response to a physician's need for baby food.
• 1938 – The first push-button car radio was created at Delco Radio Division of General Motors Corporation.
• 1941 – Globe American Stove Company manufactured the first all-metal life boats and rafts, known as Kokomo Kids in the US Navy.
• 1947 – The first signal-seeking car radio was created by the Delco Radio Division of General Motors.
• 1956 – Delco Radio Division of General Motors produced a transistorized signal-seeking car (hybrid) radio, which used both vacuum tubes and transistors in its radio's circuitry. This transistorized car radio was available as an option on the 1956 Chevrolet Corvette car models.
• 1957 – Delco Radio Division of General Motors produced an all-transistor car radio, as standard equipment for the Cadillac Eldorado Brougham car model.

1913 Flood

On March 21–26, 1913 Kokomo suffered severe flooding when 6.59 in of rainfall occurred. The Kokomo Tribune reported at the time that the Wildcat Creek over-topped its levee to reach nearly 1 mi wide after rising at a rate of 3 in per hour. Damage was widespread, including loss of electrical power due to the power plant being flooded. On March 26, flooding was declared over after the water level dropped 42 in in a 24-hour period.

Continental Steel Corporation

From 1914 through 1986, the Continental Steel Corporation facility produced nails, wire and wire fence from scrap steel on a 183 acre facility in Kokomo. Manufacturing operations in the steel plant and on other portions of the property included the use, handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials. Steel-making operations had included reheating, casting rolling, drawing, pickling, galvanizing, tinning and tempering.

After the company filed for bankruptcy in 1986, EPA and the Indiana Department of Environmental Management investigated the plant and property and found soil, sediments, surface water and ground water contaminated with volatile organic compounds (PCBs) and several metals, including lead, arsenic, cadmium, and chromium. Lead contamination was also detected in soils on nearby residential properties.

The site was proposed to the National Priorities List as a Superfund site in 1988 and formally added in 1989.{{Cite web

In April 2009, EPA received almost $6 million in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to complete needed cleanup at two problems at the Continental Steel Superfund site: the former Slag Processing Area and the site's contaminated ground water. The ARRA funding helped accelerate the cleanup of hazardous waste on the site. In the process, total of 15 Indiana contractors or subcontractors were involved in the ARRA-funded work, creating at least 45 temporary jobs.

In August 2010, using the ARRA funds, EPA completed the cleanup of the former slag processing area of the Superfund Site. Approximately 86000 short ton of slag were moved to the site's acid lagoon area for use as fill on that portion of the site. 2 ft of clean soil were used to cap the former slag processing area, leaving it suitable for potential redevelopment. ARRA funds were also used to address contaminated groundwater at the site. This work included extensive groundwater sampling to determine the contaminated plume area and installation of groundwater extraction and monitoring wells. Three wind turbines will be used to generate much of the power needed to operate the groundwater extraction system.

Site cleanup was completed in August 2011.{{Cite web | access-date = August 31, 2015

In 2016 the former site was approved as the location of a Solar farm with installation of panels beginning in August 2016. The estimated cost of the project is $10M. The solar energy park began operating on December 29, 2016.

Ku Klux Klan

In the summer of 1923, record numbers attended rallies of the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana. On June 16, 1923, a crowd of 75,000 attended a Klan rally in Terre Haute. On June 21 Argos held the largest rally it had ever seen. On June 26 a large Klan rally was held in Alexandria. All of this was merely a prelude to the rally planned for Kokomo. Conceived as a "monster tristate conclave," it was intended to charter 93 Indiana klans representing more than 300,000 members. Some doubted the prospect of 200,000 attendees, claiming it would be "without parallel in history"; others predicted attendance of 300,000. Extensive preparations for that number were made, including the scheduling of 1,000 interurban cars from around Indiana to Kokomo. The Union Traction Company, in addition to supplying 50 cars, transported three cars of white horses to Kokomo for the parade. The Kokomo Klan rented the fields surrounding its own large lot for parking, and electric amplifiers were obtained to allow the large crowd to hear the speeches.

According to historian Robert Coughlan, "literally half" of Kokomo residents were members of the Ku Klux Klan during its height in the 1920s and 1930s. On July 4, 1923, Kokomo achieved national notoriety when it hosted the largest Ku Klux Klan gathering in history. An estimated 200,000 Klan members and supporters gathered in Malfalfa Park for a massive Konklave in which D. C. Stephenson was elevated to the position of Grand Dragon of the Indiana Klan.{{Cite book

The Kokomo rally sent shockwaves through the national GOP, which had come to believe that the re-election of President Warren G. Harding depended on the vote of Indiana. According to the Washington correspondent of the New York World, Republicans feared that the Klan had "obliterated party lines" and "virtually swallowed" the Indiana Republican Party. Since the Republicans held only a 25,000 vote plurality in the state, any serious defection of African-Americans would tip the state to the Democrats. In the event, Harding died within a month and Republican Calvin Coolidge succeeded him with a substantial electoral majority (including Indiana) against a divided opposition. The Klan, however, continued to dominate state politics especially after the election of Edward L. Jackson as governor.

Ryan White

Main article: Ryan White

Kokomo served to symbolize the nation's early misunderstanding and ignorance of AIDS in the mid-to-late 1980s when Ryan White was expelled from school due to his illness. White was a teenage hemophiliac who had been infected with HIV through contaminated blood products (Factor 8). At the time blood products were often collected through state prison systems. Factor 8 was made from pooled plasma of thousands of donors. Later the plasma was screened for HIV and Hepatitis and heat treated to inactivate HIV and Hepatitis. The teen had been attending Western Middle School (which is actually in Russiaville) but was ostracized by his classmates, and forced to eat lunch alone and use a separate restroom. Many parents and teachers in Kokomo rallied in support of banning White from attending the school. A lengthy administrative appeal process with the school system ensued, followed by death threats and violence against White and his family, including a bullet being fired through the window of their Kokomo home. Media coverage of the case made White into a national celebrity and spokesman for AIDS research and public education. In 1987, the White family left Kokomo for Cicero, Indiana. Ryan attended Hamilton Heights High School in nearby Arcadia, where he was welcomed by faculty and students.

Gas tower

The Kokomo Gas Tower had been a symbol of Kokomo since it was constructed in 1954. The tower was 378 ft tall and had a capacity of 12000000 cuft. Due to high maintenance costs of $75,000 a year, and up to $1,000,000 to paint it, the gas company decided to demolish it in 2003. Other ideas were reviewed before settling on this decision, including a plan to turn the tower into a giant Coca-Cola advertisement. On September 7, 2003, at approximately 7:30 a.m., the Gas Tower was demolished by Controlled Demolition, Inc. (CDI). Pieces of the tower were sold to the public for $20–$30, and proceeds went to a planned Kokomo technology incubation center and Bona Vista.{{Cite news

Geography

File:Kokomo indiana weather 1.jpg|Weather of Kokomo during December 2016 File:Kokomo indiana weather 2.jpg|Weather of Kokomo during December 2016 File:Kokomo indiana weather 3.jpg|U.S. 31 during winters near Kokomo According to the 2010 census, Kokomo has a total area of 18.559 sqmi, of which 18.5 sqmi (or 99.68%) is land and 0.059 sqmi (or 0.32%) is water.{{Cite web | access-date = July 28, 2015 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20200213054259/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1840392 | archive-date = February 13, 2020 | url-status = dead

Climate

Kokomo has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa).

| Jan record high F = 72 | Feb record high F = 74 | Mar record high F = 86 | Apr record high F = 94 | May record high F = 100 | Jun record high F = 107 | Jul record high F = 110 | Aug record high F = 106 | Sep record high F = 103 | Oct record high F = 91 | Nov record high F = 81 | Dec record high F = 71 | year record high F = 110

|Jan avg record high F = 55.5 |Feb avg record high F = 59.8 |Mar avg record high F = 72.3 |Apr avg record high F = 81.5 |May avg record high F = 87.7 |Jun avg record high F = 91.4 |Jul avg record high F = 91.7 |Aug avg record high F = 90.6 |Sep avg record high F = 89.6 |Oct avg record high F = 83.0 |Nov avg record high F = 69.5 |Dec avg record high F = 58.5 |year avg record high F = 93.6

|Jan avg record low F = -6.8 |Feb avg record low F = -1.1 |Mar avg record low F = 10.0 |Apr avg record low F = 23.2 |May avg record low F = 34.3 |Jun avg record low F = 45.1 |Jul avg record low F = 51.2 |Aug avg record low F = 50.0 |Sep avg record low F = 39.4 |Oct avg record low F = 27.8 |Nov avg record low F = 17.1 |Dec avg record low F = 3.7 |year avg record low F = -10.2

| Jan record low F = −26 | Feb record low F = −20 | Mar record low F = −10 | Apr record low F = 8 | May record low F = 26 | Jun record low F = 34 | Jul record low F = 41 | Aug record low F = 37 | Sep record low F = 27 | Oct record low F = 17 | Nov record low F = −5 | Dec record low F = −24 | year record low F = −26 | access-date = May 29, 2021 | archive-date = May 30, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210530184523/https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ind | url-status = dead | access-date = May 29, 2021}}

1965 tornado

Main article: 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak#Russiaville–Alto–Southern Kokomo–Greentown–Southern Marion, Indiana

On April 11, 1965, the southern part of Kokomo was struck by one of the 47 tornadoes that erupted over six Midwestern states, an event now known as the Palm Sunday outbreak. The F4 tornado that swept through Kokomo was 800 yd wide and killed 25 people in the surrounding area. Significant damage was done to the Chrysler transmission plant. Windows were broken and the framework cracked throughout, and sections of the west wall were leveled. The Maple Crest elementary and junior high schools suffered extensive damage. The roof collapsed on the junior high school, and the framework of both schools was substantially wrecked. The Maple Crest Shell Station at the intersection of Lincoln and Washington was torn from its foundation and scattered about. Mills Drug Store at the same intersection was demolished. A house on Holly Lane was uprooted, and one on James Drive was demolished. The Maple Crest Shopping Center was extensively damaged, with Woolworth's suffering the most damage. The front and back of the one-story structure were caved in and merchandise was strewn about. Numerous homes in the Maple Crest area were flattened, and the top floor of the Maple Crest apartments was blown off. The only thing left standing on the nearby Church of the Brethren was the steeple. The force of the wind on the flat earth near Kokomo was so great that Ted Fujita was able to make aerial photographs of the spiral scouring on the ground.

2016 tornado

Main article: Tornado outbreak of August 24, 2016

On August 24, 2016, a strong EF3 tornado damaged 1,000 homes on the city's south side, with 170 sustaining major damage. 80 of these homes were destroyed, with some sustaining loss of roofs and exterior walls. Many large trees and power poles were snapped along the tornado's path, and an apartment complex was heavily damaged as well. Vehicles also sustained damage, including a large truck that was moved 10 feet from the driveway of a house and flipped over. A Starbucks was completely destroyed, and several people were left trapped inside the still standing bathroom and had to be rescued. Many sheds and detached garages were also destroyed in the storm. A receipt from Kokomo was found 30 miles away in Marion. The storm followed a path very close to that of another tornado which hit on November 17, 2013. Meteorologists have noted that nearly every tornado in Kokomo has struck the southern part of the city.

Other notable tornadoes

Kokomo has been struck by 18 tornadoes between 1950 and 2015, some of which were strong enough to claim lives.

On March 6, 1961, two F3 tornadoes struck the southern part of Kokomo, killing one person and injuring three others.

On April 20, 2004, two tornadoes struck the northern part of Kokomo. The first tornado was rated F0 and caused little damage to homes and trees. The second tornado was rated F1 and caused a roof to collapse at the skating rink, and damaged three other homes and a truck stop. Both tornadoes caused 1 injury but no fatalities. This was the first time a tornado struck the northern part of Kokomo.

On November 17, 2013, two EF2 tornadoes tore through the southern part of Kokomo. The first tornado damaged over 300 homes and businesses. The second tornado touched down briefly and caused damage to a golf course and other businesses. The two tornadoes caused no fatalities and only five injuries.

Neighborhoods

These are neighborhoods in Kokomo according to the city transportation map:{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|

• Berkley Meadows
• Bon Air
• Cedar Crest
• Country Club Hills
• Cricket Hill
• Darrough Chapel
• Devon Woods
• Doral Park
• Downtown Kokomo
• Emerald Lake
• Fairlawn
• Forest Park
• Forest Park Estates
• Fredrick Farms
• Greentree
• Highland Springs
• Holiday Hills
• Holiday Park
• Indian Heights
• Ivy Hills
• Maple Crest
• Markland Heights
• Mayfield
• Old Silk Stocking
• Orleans Southwest
• Pittsburgh Plate Glass
• Stonybrook
• Sycamore Village
• Terrace Gardens
• Terrace Meadows
• The Preserves at Bridgewater
• Urbandale
• Vinton Woods
• Water's Edge
• Old Westbrook
• New Westbrook
• Western Woods
• Willowridge
• Webster Estates
• Wynterbrook}}

Demographics

| align-fn = center

Kokomo metropolitan area

Main article: Kokomo, Indiana metropolitan area

Kokomo is the principal city of the Kokomo metropolitan area and the largest city of the North Central Indiana region, which has approximately 225,000 people. The Kokomo MSA joins the larger Indianapolis metropolitan statistical area (MSA) along with the Muncie MSA, Columbus MSA, and six other micropolitan areas to form a vast Combined Statistical Area covering 20 counties. In 2022 the CSA's population estimate was 2,631,863, ranking it as the 27th largest in the U.S.

As of 2000 the median income for households in the city was $36,258, and the median income for a family was $45,353. Males had a median income of $38,420 versus $24,868 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,083. About 9.6% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the census{{Cite web | access-date = December 11, 2012

There were 19,848 households, of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.4% were married couples living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the city was 38.2 years. 24% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.2% were from 25 to 44; 26.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.8% male and 53.2% female.

Economy

Kokomo's employment, largely based in manufacturing, was hard hit by the economic downturn which led to the recession beginning in December 2007. In December 2008, Kokomo was ranked third by Forbes in its list of America's fastest dying towns, mainly as a result of the financial difficulties of the automotive industry.{{Cite news

In May 2011, Forbes magazine listed Kokomo as one of the "Best Cities for Jobs" after the city ascended 177 places in the rankings. The same article described Kokomo's success in the past few years as "inspirational" and attributed the turnaround to "a revival in manufacturing."{{Cite news |access-date=August 19, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326002136/http://cber.iweb.bsu.edu/research/conexus11/IndianaReport11.pdf |archive-date=March 26, 2012

By May 2013 Kokomo's unemployment rate was 9%, representing a 1.4% decrease in non-farm employment,{{Cite web

Major employers are

• Chrysler Division of Stellantis
  • Kokomo Transmission Plant (3,583 employees)
  • Kokomo Casting Plant (1,281 employees)
  • Indiana Transmission Plant I and II (2,439 employees)
  • Kokomo Engine Plant started production in 2022.
• StarPlus Energy, a joint venture between Stellantis and Samsung SDI
• BorgWarner
• GM Components Holdings LLC
• Haynes International
• Holder Mattress
• Syndicate Sales, Inc.
• Coca-Cola bottling plant
• Bona Vista (charity)

Arts and culture

Historic Buildings in Kokomo, Indiana

The following is a list of all the buildings in Kokomo, Indiana, that are listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP):

• Elwood Haynes House, built as a residence, and later adapted for use as office space.
• Kokomo City Building
• Kokomo Country Club Golf Course
• Kokomo Courthouse Square Historic District
• Kokomo High School and Memorial Gymnasium
• Lake Erie and Western Depot Historic District
• Learner Building
• Old Silk Stocking Historic District, the only neighborhood in the United States listed on the NRHP.{{Cite web | access-date = August 21, 2012
• Seiberling Mansion, built as the residence of Monroe Seiberling, one of Kokomo's richest citizens.
• Howard Masonic Temple

Festivals

• Haynes-Apperson Festival, Independence Day weekend{{Cite web | access-date = December 15, 2016}}
• WeberFest, Foster Park{{Cite web | access-date = December 15, 2016
• Kokomo Con, October, Kokomo Event Center.{{Cite web | access-date = September 27, 2013 | access-date = September 27, 2013 | archive-date = September 27, 2013 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130927143011/http://kokomotribune.com/local/x1953750643/Con-to-showcase-comics-pop-culture-gaming | url-status = dead | access-date = January 30, 2016

Sports teams

Other current teams include the City of First Roller Girls (Founded 2010) who compete in the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA). Indiana University of Kokomo Cougars compete in 12 sports within the NAIA in the River States Conference (RSC).

Former teams

• Indiana Mustangs, Mid Continental Football League (1991–2009), Mid States Football League (2010–2013)
• Kokomo Dodgers, Midwest League (1955–1961)
• Kokomo CFD Saints, semi-pro baseball (1989–2002)
• Kokomo CFD Knights, semi-pro baseball (2006–2007)
• Kokomo Mantis FC, soccer team (2016)

Sports venues

• Highland Park Stadium (CFD Investments Stadium)
• Kokomo Speedway
• Memorial Gymnasium
• Kokomo Municipal Stadium
• Wildcat Creek Soccer Complex
• Student Activities and Events Center

Parks and recreation

• Chief Ma-Ko-Ko-Mo Burial and Monument, east of downtown Kokomo
• Elwood Haynes Museum, located next to Highland Park{{Cite web |access-date = August 21, 2012 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110718201513/http://www.cityofkokomo.org/main.asp?SectionID=50&SubSectionID=113&ArticleID=205&TM=49307.54 |archive-date = July 18, 2011
• Foster Park
• Kokomo Country Club, golf club

Trails and paths

• Wildcat Creek Walk of Excellence – The Wildcat Walk of Excellence consists of over 3 mi of paved trail that roughly follows the Wildcat Creek. The trail connects several of Kokomo's parks including Foster, Future, Waterworks, Miller-Highland and Mehlig Parks with a pedestrian bridge connecting Foster Park and the Kokomo Beach Family Aquatic Center.
• Industrial Heritage Trail – The Industrial Heritage Trail spans 5.7 mi from SR931 on the city's south side and connects with the Nickel Plate Trail on the city's north side.
• Nickel Plate Trail – Currently connecting Rochester through Peru, to Kokomo and connecting with the Industrial Heritage Trail.
• The Cloverleaf Trail – This trail was added in 2018. It starts downtown and travels southwest along what was once part of the Toledo, St. Louis and Western Railroad.

Government

Kokomo's current mayor is Republican Tyler Moore, elected in November 2019. The previous mayor was Democrat Greg Goodnight (2008–2019){{Cite web |access-date = December 19, 2009 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110718201252/http://www.cityofkokomo.org/main.asp?SectionID=15&TM=9914.998 |archive-date = July 18, 2011 The mayor is elected in a citywide vote. The city council is known as the Common Council. It consists of nine members. Six members are elected from individual districts. The other three are elected at-large.{{Cite web | access-date = November 13, 2015

Education

Colleges and universities

• Howard College – 1863-1872
• Indiana University Kokomo (IUK)
• Indiana Wesleyan University – Kokomo Campus
• Ivy Tech Community College
• Purdue Polytechnic Institute Kokomo

Public school districts

• Kokomo-Center Township Consolidated School Corporation (K-12, most neighborhoods inside city limits) Kokomo High School (NCC)
• Northwestern School Corporation (K–12, northern part of the town) (HC)
• Taylor Community School Corporation (K-12, Indian Heights neighborhood) (HHC)
• Western School Corporation (K-12, Pine Valley/Jackson Morrow Park area) (HC)
• Eastern School Corporation (K-12, Greentown and Eastern Howard County area) (HC)

Private schools

• Acacia Academy (K-8)
• Agape Garden Montessori School
• Children's Christian Academy
• Christian Heritage Academy
• F.D. Reese Christian Academy (K-3)
• Redeemer Lutheran School (K-8)
• Sts. Joan of Arc and St. Patrick Catholic School (K-8)
• Temple Christian School (K-12)
• Victory Christian Academy (K-12)

Public library

The city has a lending library, the Kokomo-Howard County Public Library.

Media

Newspapers

• Kokomo Tribune, non-daily morning newspaper owned by Community Newspaper Holdings
• Kokomo Perspective, a locally owned weekly newspaper delivered every Tuesday or Wednesday that ceased publication in late 2021
• The Correspondent, student newspaper of Indiana University Kokomo and Purdue College of Technology at Kokomo
• The Kokomo Post, an online media publication owned by the Larison Company LLC

Television

• WTTK, CBS affiliate, channel 29 (satellite of Bloomington-licensed WTTV); transmits from Indianapolis's north side
• KGOV, Kokomo government access channel, channel 2

Radio

• WFIU-FM, Jazz, Classical, NPR – 106.1 FM
• WFRN-FM, Christian Radio – 93.7 FM
• WIWC-FM, Christian Radio – 91.7 FM
• WMYK-FM, Rock – 98.5 FM
• WSHW-FM, Contemporary Christian – 99.7 FM
• WJJD-LP, Christian Radio 74 - 101.3 FM also via MyTuner Radio app, website and Radio 74 website.
• WTSX-FM, Hip-Hop, Gospel, Soul, Rock-n-Roll, EDM & Top 40 – 104.9 FM
• WWKI-FM, Hit Country – 100.5 FM
• WZWZ-FM, Bright Adult Contemporary – 92.5 FM

Infrastructure

Transportation

Airports

• Kokomo Municipal Airport{{Cite web | access-date = August 21, 2012

Highways

• [[File:US 31.svg|25px]] US-31 to South Bend (North) and Indianapolis (South){{Cite web |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20140806213440/http://www.kokomotribune.com/local/x517504408/On-cruise-control/print |archive-date = August 6, 2014
• [[File:US 35.svg|25px]] US-35 to Logansport (North) and Muncie (South)
• [[File:Indiana 931.svg|25px]] IN-931 (former US 31 through Kokomo)
• [[File:Indiana 19.svg|25px]] IN-19 to Kokomo Reservoir (North) and Tipton (South)
• [[File:Indiana 22.svg|25px]] IN-22 to Burlington (West) and Hartford City (East)
• [[File:Indiana 26.svg|25px]] IN-26 to Lafayette (West) and Hartford City (East)

A major roadway traversing through Kokomo, nicknamed "stop light city",{{Cite web | access-date = January 30, 2016 |access-date = November 11, 2012 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121008035804/http://www.in.gov/indot/div/projects/us31/kokomo/ |archive-date = October 8, 2012 |access-date = January 3, 2009 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130127230216/http://www.kokomotribune.com/local/local_story_306005257.html |archive-date = January 27, 2013 |access-date = December 15, 2013 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20131127095639/http://www.kokomotribune.com/local/x517504408/On-cruise-control |archive-date = November 27, 2013

Railroads

• Central Railroad of Indianapolis{{Cite web | access-date = February 20, 2023
• Winamac Southern Railway (formerly part of the Columbus to Chicago Main Line){{Cite web

The town for many years was a stop on the Pennsylvania Railroad's division running on a Chicago-Logansport-Richmond-Hamilton-Cincinnati itinerary. The last named train on the route was the overnight Buckeye, whose unnamed successor ended service in 1969. A day train counterpart on the route lingered on at least another year.

Bus service

• Miller Transportation provides bus service to Indianapolis and South Bend.
• Kokomo City-Line Trolley A fixed-route transportation system, five bus routes run past a total of exactly 275 stops, passing each stop once every hour, from 6:30 a.m. to 7 p.m., Monday through Friday. The buses also have wireless internet for riders, which like the buses, is free to riders.

Groundwater contamination

In 1995 the Indiana American Water treatment facility found groundwater beneath the city contaminated with trace amounts of vinyl chloride. In 2007, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management found groundwater at four municipal wells containing vinyl chloride at levels exceeding the EPA maximum contaminant level in raw water.{{Cite news

In 2011, it found one of the monitoring wells, not owned or used by Indiana American Water, had amounts of vinyl chloride that were more than 2,500 times the maximum level for drinking water. IDEM has identified fourteen facilities that handle chlorinated solvents and could be sources to the contamination plume. Some of these potential sources are currently being managed under other authorities but there is no cleanup approach focusing on the ground water plume. Water from several well fields in Kokomo are blended and treated prior to distribution. A water treatment system has been successfully removing the vinyl chloride from the finished drinking water, but this is not a permanent solution to address the contaminated ground water plume.

The site was proposed to the National Priorities List and added to the Superfund in March 2015. No cleanup plan is yet in effect.{{Cite web | access-date = August 31, 2015

Health care

• Ascension St. Vincent Kokomo, opened in 1913{{Cite web | access-date = June 19, 2016 | access-date = May 21, 2017 | url-access = registration | access-date = October 27, 2010
• Community Howard Regional Health, incorporated in 1958{{Cite web |access-date = June 19, 2016 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160617233846/http://www.ecommunity.com/s/howard-about-howard/history |archive-date = June 17, 2016

Entertainment

Kokomo has a 12-screen movie theater, called AMC Showplace Kokomo 12, located on 1530 East Boulevard. In addition to AMC, Kokomo also has several forms of live entertainment, including choirs, a Park Band Association, and three live theatres.

Shopping

The city's major mall is Markland Mall, which features Target. The Kokomo Town Center, the former Kokomo Mall, underwent a major renovation in 2011 when it became an outdoor mall.{{Cite news | access-date = November 11, 2012 | archive-date = January 28, 2013 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130128055021/http://kokomotribune.com/local/x1561295156/Kokomo-Mall-transforms-into-Kokomo-Town-Center | url-status = dead

Notable people

• Brandon Beachy, MLB pitcher Los Angeles Dodgers, Northwestern High School (Indiana) graduate
• Alicia Berneche, operatic soprano
• Rupert Boneham, Libertarian candidate for Indiana Governor in 2012
• Norman Bridwell, author of the Clifford the Big Red Dog children's books
• Quautico (Tico) Brown, former Continental Basketball Association player
• Steve Butler, six-time Sprint Car National Champion
• Kaitlyn Christopher, Miss Indiana USA 2005
• Dave Darland, auto racer
• Rowdy Elliott, baseball player
• Shawn Fain, president of United Auto Workers
• Elwood Haynes, inventor, automotive pioneer
• Bud Hillis, U.S. Representative
• Margaret Hillis, pianist, founder of Chicago Symphony Chorus
• Honorée Fanonne Jeffers, author
• Don Johnson, professional bowler, PBA Hall of Fame member
• Opha May Johnson, USMC first female Marine
• Nellie Keeler, child circus performer
• Steve Kroft, 60 Minutes correspondent
• Jim "Goose" Ligon, former ABA basketball player
• Strother Martin, actor
• Clay Myers, photographer, animal welfare advocate
• Kent C. Nelson, past CEO of United Parcel Service
• John O'Banion, singer
• Ray Porter, actor, portrayed Darkseid in Zack Snyder’s Justice League
• Jack Purvis, jazz musician
• Jane Randolph, actress, grew up in Kokomo
• Jimmy Rayl, "Splendid Splinter," Indiana Pacers 1967–1969, Indiana University
• Robert S. Richardson, astronomer
• Tod Sloan, jockey
• Tavis Smiley, PBS presenter
• "Sylvia" (Sylvia Jane Kirby), country music singer
• Joe Thatcher, pitcher for MLB Chicago Cubs
• Pat Underwood, former MLB pitcher, Detroit Tigers
• Tom Underwood, former MLB pitcher
• William N. Vaile, Congressman
• Gertrude Vaile (1878–1954), social worker
• Ryan White, AIDS activist
• Anna Mae Winburn, African American vocalist and jazz bandleader

In popular culture

• The Kid from Kokomo (1939; also sometimes called Broadway Cavalier) is a comedy film about an orphan from Kokomo who refuses to box until his mother is found. The film was based on a story by Dalton Trumbo.{{Cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130617141950/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/80193/The-Kid-from-Kokomo/ | url-status = dead | archive-date = June 17, 2013 | access-date = July 13, 2013
• Kokomo is the setting of Allan Dwan's nostalgic 1953 musical Sweethearts on Parade.
• In craps, rolling a four is sometimes referred to as "Little Joe from Kokomo", after "little" Joe Fohn, a famous bowler in the 1920s who apparently had a four step delivery.
• "Kokomo, IN" is the title of a song from Japanese Breakfast's critically acclaimed third album, Jubilee.
• Most of the 1987 film Terror Squad was filmed in Kokomo.

References

Bibliography

• {{Cite book| title = Early Days of Kokomo
• {{Cite book| title = History of Howard County

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