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Isotopes of berkelium
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Berkelium (97Bk) is an artificial element, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first isotope to be synthesized was 243Bk in 1949. There are nineteen known radioisotopes, from 233Bk to 253Bk (except 235Bk and 237Bk), and seven nuclear isomers. The longest-lived isotope known is 247Bk with a half-life of 1,380 years; however 248Bk, which has not been observed to decay, may live longer.
The isotope commonly used in study, though, is 249Bk as is it the only that can be usefully extracted from reactor actinides and the only ever available in weighable quantity.
List of isotopes
Berkelium-235
|-id=Berkelium-233 | α (82%)
| 229Am |
|---|
| β+? (18%) |
| 233Cm |
| -id=Berkelium-234 |
| α (80%) |
| 230Am |
| - |
| β+ ( |
| 234Cm |
| -id=Berkelium-236 |
| β+ (99.96%) |
| 236Cm |
| - |
| β+, SF (0.04%) |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-238 |
| β+ (99.95%) |
| 238Cm |
| - |
| β+, SF (0.048%) |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-239 |
| 239Bk |
| 239.05824(22)# |
| 100# s |
| β+ |
| 239Cm |
| (7/2+) |
| -id=Berkelium-240 |
| β+? |
| 240Cm |
| - |
| α? |
| 236Am |
| - |
| β+, SF (0.0013%) |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-241 |
| 241Bk |
| 241.06010(18)# |
| | β+ | 241Cm | (7/2+) |-id=Berkelium-242 | β+
| 242Cm |
|---|
| β+, SF (−5%) |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-242m |
| | SF | (various) | |-id=Berkelium-243 | β+ (99.85%)
| 243Cm |
|---|
| α (0.15%) |
| 239Am |
| -id=Berkelium-244 |
| β+ (99.994%)NUBASE2020 question-marks this decay, but it has been observed directly, see e.g. the IAEA Chart of Nuclides. |
| 244Cm |
| - |
| α (0.006%) |
| 240Am |
| -id=Berkelium-244m |
| | SF | (various) | |-id=Berkelium-245 | EC (99.88%)
| 245Cm |
|---|
| α (0.12%) |
| 241Am |
| -id=Berkelium-246 |
| 246Bk |
| 246.06867(6) |
| | β+ | 246Cm | 2(−) |-id=Berkelium-247 | α
| 243Am |
|---|
| SF? |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-248 |
| α? |
| 244Am |
| - |
| EC? |
| 248Cm |
| - |
| β−? |
| 248Cf |
| -id=Berkelium-248m |
| β− (70%) |
| 248Cf |
| - |
| EC (30%) |
| 248Cm |
| -id=Berkelium-249 |
| β− |
| 249Cf |
| - |
| α (0.00145%) |
| 245Am |
| - |
| SF (4.7×10−8%) |
| (various) |
| -id=Berkelium-249m |
| | IT | 249Bk | 3/2− |-id=Berkelium-250 | 250Bk | 250.078317(3) | | β− | 250Cf | 2− |-id=Berkelium-250m1 | | IT | 250Bk | 4+ |-id=Berkelium-250m2 | | IT | 250Bk | 7+ |-id=Berkelium-251 | 251Bk | 251.080761(12) | | β− | 251Cf | (3/2−) |-id=Berkelium-251m | | IT | 251Bk | (7/2+) |-id=Berkelium-252 | 252Bk | 252.08431(22)# | | β− | 252Cf | |-id=Berkelium-253 | 253Bk | 253.08688(39)# | 60# min | β−? | 253Cf | 3/2-#
Actinides vs fission products
References
Isotope masses from:
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
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