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Isotopes of barium

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Naturally occurring barium (56Ba) is a mix of six stable isotopes and one very long-lived radioactive primordial isotope, barium-130, identified as being unstable by geochemical means (from analysis of the presence of its daughter xenon-130 in rocks) in 2001, presumably decaying by double electron capture with a half-life of (0.5–2.7)×1021 years (about 1011 times the age of the universe). The two measurements are discordant; the above reflects the total range, the value in the table below is a crude average.

With the total range of mass numbers known 114 to 154, there are thirty-three known radioisotopes in addition to 130Ba. The longest-lived of these is 133Ba, which has a half-life of 10.538 years; all others have half-lives shorter than two weeks. The longest-lived isomers are 133mBa at 38.90 hours and 135m1Ba at 28.11 hours. The analogous 137m1Ba (half-life 2.552 minutes) occurs in the decay of the common fission product caesium-137.

Barium-114 is theorized to undergo cluster decay, emitting a nucleus of stable 12C to produce 102Sn. This decay has not been observed, with only an upper limit on the branching ratio of such decay (0.0034%).

List of isotopes

Barium-113 |-id=Barium-114 | β+ (79%)

114Cs
α (0.9%)
110Xe
-
β+, p (20%)
113Xe
-
CD (
102Sn, 12C
-id=Barium-115
β+
115Cs
-
β+, p (15%)
114Xe
-id=Barium-116
β+ (97%)
116Cs
-
β+, p (3%)
115Xe
-id=Barium-117
β+ (87%)
117Cs
-
β+, p (13%)
116Xe
-
β+, α (0.024%)
113I
-id=Barium-118
118Ba
117.93323(22)#
5.2(2) s
β+
118Cs
0+

| | |-id=Barium-119 | β+ (75%)

119Cs
β+, p (25%)
118Xe
-id=Barium-119m
360(20) ns
IT
119Ba
(5/2−)

| | |-id=Barium-120 | 120Ba | 119.92604(32) | 24(2) s | β+ | 120Cs | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-121 | β+ (99.98%)

121Cs
β+, p (0.02%)
120Xe
-id=Barium-122
122Ba
121.91990(3)
1.95(15) min
β+
122Cs
0+

| | |-id=Barium-123 | 123Ba | 122.918781(13) | 2.7(4) min | β+ | 123Cs | 5/2+ | | |-id=Barium-123m | 830(60) ns | IT | 123Ba | 1/2+# | | |-id=Barium-124 | 124Ba | 123.915094(13) | 11.0(5) min | β+ | 124Cs | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-125 | 125Ba | 124.914472(12) | 3.3(3) min | β+ | 125Cs | 1/2+ | | |-id=Barium-125m | 2.76(14) μs | IT | 125Ba | (7/2−) | | |-id=Barium-126 | 126Ba | 125.911250(13) | 100(2) min | β+ | 126Cs | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-127 | 127Ba | 126.911091(12) | 12.7(4) min | β+ | 127Cs | 1/2+ | | |-id=Barium-127m | 1.93(7) s | IT | 127Ba | 7/2− | | |-id=Barium-128 | 128Ba | 127.9083524(17) | 2.43(5) d | EC | 128Cs | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-129 | 129Ba | 128.908683(11) | 2.23(11) h | β+ | 129Cs | 1/2+ | | |-id=Barium-129m | β+

129Cs
IT?
129Ba
-id=Barium-130
130BaPrimordial radionuclide
129.9063260(3)
≈ 1×1021 y
εε
130Xe
0+
0.0011(1)

| |-id=Barium-130m | 9.54(14) ms | IT | 130Ba | 8− | | |-id=Barium-131 | 131Ba | 130.9069463(4) | 11.52(1) d | β+ | 131Cs | 1/2+ | | |-id=Barium-131m | 14.26(9) min | IT | 131Ba | 9/2− | | |-id=Barium-132 | 132Ba | 131.9050612(11) | 0+ | 0.0010(1) | |-id=Barium-133 | 133Ba |132.9060074(11) | 10.5379(16) y | EC | 133Cs | 1/2+ | | |-id=Barium-133m | IT (99.99%)

133Ba
EC (0.0104%)
133Cs
-id=Barium-134
134BaFission product
133.90450825(27)
0+
0.0242(15)

| |-id=Barium-134m | 2.61(13) μs | IT | 134Ba | 10+ | | |-id=Barium-135 | 135Ba | 134.90568845(26) | 3/2+ | 0.0659(10) | |-id=Barium-135m1 | 28.11(2) h | IT | 135Ba | 11/2− | | |-id=Barium-135m2 | 1.06(4) ms | IT | 135Ba | (23/2+) | | |-id=Barium-136 | 136Ba |135.90457580(26) | 0+ | 0.0785(24) | |-id=Barium-136m1 | 308.4(19) ms | IT | 136Ba | 7− | | |-id=Barium-136m2 | 91(2) ns | IT | 136Ba | 10+ | | |-id=Barium-137 | 137Ba |136.90582721(27) | 3/2+ | 0.1123(23) | |-id=Barium-137m1 | 2.552(1) min | IT | 137Ba | 11/2− | | |-id=Barium-137m2 | 589(20) ns | IT | 137Ba | (19/2−) | | |-id=Barium-138 | 138Ba | 137.90524706(27) | 0+ | 0.7170(29) | |-id=Barium-138m | 850(100) ns | IT | 138Ba | 6+ | | |-id=Barium-139 | 139Ba | 138.90884116(27) | 82.93(9) min | β− | 139La | 7/2− | | |-id=Barium-140 | 140Ba | 139.910608(8) | 12.7534(21) d | β− | 140La | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-141 | 141Ba | 140.914404(6) | 18.27(7) min | β− | 141La | 3/2− | | |-id=Barium-142 | 142Ba | 141.916433(6) | 10.6(2) min | β− | 142La | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-143 | 143Ba | 142.920625(7) | 14.5(3) s | β− | 143La | 5/2− | | |-id=Barium-144 | 144Ba |143.922955(8) | 11.73(8) s | β− | 144La | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-145 | 145Ba | 144.927518(9) | 4.31(16) s | β− | 145La | 5/2− | | |-id=Barium-146 | 146Ba | 145.9303632(19) | 2.15(4) s | β− | 146La | 0+ | | |-id=Barium-147 | β− (99.93%)

147La
β−, n (0.07%)
146La
-id=Barium-148
β− (99.6%)
148La
-
β−, n (0.4%)
147La
-id=Barium-149
β− (96.1%)
149La
-
β−, n (3.9%)
148La
-id=Barium-150
β− (99.0%)
150La
-
β−, n (1.0%)
149La
-id=Barium-151
β−
151La
-
β−, n?
150La
-id=Barium-152
β−
152La
-
β−, n?
151La
-id=Barium-153
β−
153La
-
β−, n?
152La
-
β−, 2n?
151La
-id=Barium-154
154Ba
153.96466(54)#
53(48) ms
β−
154La
0+

| |

References

References

  1. (2001). "Weak decay of 130Ba and 132Ba: Geochemical measurements". Physical Review C.
  2. M. Pujol. (2009). "Xenon in Archean barite: Weak decay of 130Ba, mass-dependent isotopic fractionation and implication for barite formation". [[Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta]].
  3. (30 July 2021). "Neutron excitations in Ba 119". Physical Review C.
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