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Iodine pentafluoride

| NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 2 | NFPA-S = W+OX Iodine trifluoride Iodine heptafluoride

Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is one of the fluorides of iodine. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a fluorination reagent and even a solvent in specialized syntheses.

Preparation

It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas. This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.

:I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5

Reactions

IF5 reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid and iodic acid: :IF5 + 3 H2O → HIO3 + 5 HF Upon treatment with fluorine, it converts to iodine heptafluoride: :IF5 + F2 → IF7

It has been used as a solvent for handling metal fluorides. For example, the reduction of osmium hexafluoride to osmium pentafluoride with iodine is conducted in a solution in iodine pentafluoride: :10 OsF6 + I2 → 10 OsF5 + 2 IF5

Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis.

References

References

  1. (1974). "Crystal structure of Iodine Pentafluoride at -80°". [[Inorganic Chemistry (journal).
  2. http://www.chemadvisor.com/Matheson/database/msds/mat11440000800003.PDF {{Dead link. (February 2022)
  3. {{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd
  4. Moissan, M. H.. (1891). "Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor". [[Annales de Chimie et de Physique]].
  5. (1931). "Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor) [Fluoridation of Carbon Compounds (Benzene and Tetrachlormethane with Iodine-5-Fluoride, and Tetrachloromethane with Fluorine)]". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie.
  6. (1930). "Das Jod-7-fluorid [The iodine-7-fluoride]". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie.
  7. (1971). "Preparation and Crystal Structure of Osmium Pentafluoride". Journal of the Chemical Society.
  8. Stevens, T. E.. (1966). "Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride". [[Journal of Organic Chemistry]].
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fluorides iodine-compounds interhalogen-compounds fluorinating-agents oxidizing-agents inorganic-solvents
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