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Ifugao language

Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Field	Value
name	Ifugao
region	Ifugao, Luzon
states	Philippines
speakers	130,000
date	1987–2007
ref	e18
familycolor	Austronesian
fam2	Malayo-Polynesian
fam3	Philippine
fam4	Northern Luzon
fam5	Meso-Cordilleran
fam6	Central Cordilleran
fam7	Nuclear Cordilleran
lc1	ifb	ld1=Batad Ifugao
lc2	ifa	ld2=Amganad Ifugao
lc3	ifu	ld3=Mayoyao Ifugao
lc4	ifk	ld4=Tuwali language
glotto	ifug1247
glottorefname	Ifugaw
map	Ifugao_dialect_cluster_map.png
mapcaption	Area where the Ifugao dialect continuum is spoken according to Ethnologue

Ifugao or Batad is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of Ifugao, Philippines. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the Bontoc and Kankanaey languages. It is a dialect continuum, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.

Loanwords from other languages, such as Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology.

Dialects

Ethnologue reports the following locations for each of the four Ifugao languages.

Amganad Ifugao: spoken in Hungduan and Banaue municipalities of Ifugao Province, and into southwestern Mountain Province. 27,100 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Burnay Ifugao and Banaue Ifugao.
Batad Ifugao (Ayangan Ifugao): spoken in central Ifugao Province. There are also some speakers in Isabela Province, on the eastern shore of the Magat reservoir. 10,100 speakers as of 2002. Dialects include Ducligan Ifugao.
Mayoyao Ifugao (Mayaoyaw): spoken in Ifugao Province, (northern Mayoyao, Aguinaldo, and Alfonso Lista municipalities) and Mountain Province (2 small border areas). 30,000 speakers as of 2007.
Tuwali Ifugao (Gilipanes, Ifugaw, Kiangan Ifugao, Quiangan, Tuwali): spoken in southern Ifugao Province. 30,000 speakers as of 2000. Dialects are Hapao Ifugao, Hungduan Ifugao, and Lagawe Ifugao.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
p	t		k	ʔ
b	d		ɡ
m	n		ŋ
				h
	l
w		j

Other sounds such as /s/ and /r/ occur in loanwords.

Vowels

Front	Central	Back
i		ʊ ~ u
ɛ	ə	ɔ
	a

/ʊ/ can also be heard as close-back [u].
/ə/ does not exist in the Tuwali dialect.
/i/ can also be heard as [ɪ].

Orthography

The unified Ifugao alphabet is as follows: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, Ng, O, P, T, U, W, Y. The letters are pronounced differently depending on the dialect of the speaker.

References

{{Glottolog. ifug1247. Ifugaw
(Lebar, 1975: 78)
(Newell and Poligon, 1993)
Kinnud, Richard. (2013-08-21). "Language Change in the Cordillera". Sun.Star.
Taleon, Kristine. (2020). "A Phonological Sketch of Tuwali Ifugao". University of the Philippines Diliman.
Newell, Leonard E.. (1993). "Batad Ifugao dictionary, with ethnographic notes". Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines.
''[http://www.sil.org/asia/philippines/lit/ifb_Hay_Mahhun_an_Bahaon.pdf Hay Mahun an Bahaon], A Pre-Primer in Ayangan Ifugao.'' [[Summer Institute of Linguistics]], 1984.

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