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Hyginus (crater)

Volcanic formation on the Moon

Field	Value
image	Hyginus crater 4097 h1.jpg
caption	Lunar Orbiter 4 image
coordinates
diameter	11 km
depth	0.8 km
colong	354
eponym	C. Julius Hyginus

Hyginus is a lunar caldera located at the east end of the Sinus Medii. It was named after ancient Roman astronomer Gaius Julius Hyginus. Its rim is split by a 220 kilometer-long rille, Rima Hyginus, that branches to the northwest and to the east-southeast. The crater is deeper than the rille, and lies at intersection of the rille's branches. Together, the crater and the rille form a prominent feature in an otherwise flat surface. Smaller craters along the length of the rille may have been caused by the collapse of an underlying structure.

Hyginus is one of the few craters on the Moon that were not created as a result of an impact, and is instead believed to be volcanic in origin. It lacks the raised outer rim that is typical with impact craters.

Hyginus was considered a possible landing site during the Apollo Program, because it was thought to be a site of potentially active volcanism. The landing point would have been northwest of the crater, within a few kilometers of the main crater rim and the rille to the west. Major objectives would have included examining and sampling the Cayley Formation and dark overlying rocks, the crater rim and floor, and other possible volcanic features in the area.

It was near Hyginus that in 1878 Hermann Klein claimed to have discovered a new crater.

Views

File:Rima Hyginus 3073 med.jpg|Lunar Orbiter 3 image File:Hyginus and Rima Hyginus (LRO).png|LRO image of Hyginus (lower right) and part of Rima Hyginus File:AS10-31-4650 Rima Hyginus.jpg|Oblique view from Apollo 10 File:Rima Hyginus AS17-M-1674.jpg|Oblique view from Apollo 17

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Hyginus.

Hyginus	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
A	6.3° N	5.7° E	8 km
B	7.6° N	5.1° E	6 km
C	7.7° N	8.3° E	5 km
D	11.4° N	4.3° E	5 km
E	8.7° N	8.5° E	4 km
F	8.0° N	8.6° E	4 km
G	11.0° N	6.0° E	4 km
H	6.0° N	7.0° E	4 km
N	10.5° N	7.4° E	11 km
S	6.4° N	8.0° E	29 km
W	9.7° N	7.7° E	22 km
Z	8.0° N	9.5° E	28 km

References

{{cite journal
{{cite book | author-link2 = Ewen Whitaker
{{cite book | author-link1 = Ben Bussey | author-link2 = Paul Spudis
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{{cite web | access-date = 2007-10-24 | archive-date = 2012-02-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120208141804/http://host.planet4589.org/astro/lunar/ | url-status = dead
{{cite book | author-link = Patrick Moore
{{cite book
{{cite book | author-link = Antonín Rükl
{{cite book | author-link = Thomas William Webb
{{cite book | author-link = Ewen Whitaker
{{cite book

References

"Selenocromatica".
{{gpn. 2606
To a Rocky Moon: A Geologist's History of Lunar Exploration. Don E. Wilhelms, University of Arizona Press (1993), Chapter 10. {{ISBN. 978-0816510658
[[Farouk El-Baz. El-Baz, Farouk]], 1968. ''Geologic Characteristics of the Nine Lunar Landing Mission Sites Recommended by the Group for Lunar Exploration Planning''. Bellcomm, Inc. TR-68-340-1.
(1878). "1878AReg...16..265K Page 265". Astronomical Register.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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