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Homunculus et la Belle Etoile

Poem by Wallace Stevens

"Homunculus et la Belle Etoile" is a poem from Wallace Stevens's first book of poetry, Harmonium. It was first published in 1919.

In the sea, Biscayne, there prinks The young emerald, evening star, Good light for drunkards, poets, widows, And ladies soon to be married.

By this light the salty fishes Arch in the sea like tree-branches, Going in many directions Up and down.

This light conducts The thoughts of drunkards, the feelings Of widows and trembling ladies, The movements of fishes.

How pleasant an existence it is That this emerald charms philosophers, Until they become thoughtlessly willing To bathe their hearts in later moonlight,

Knowing that they can bring back thought In the night that is still to be silent, Reflecting this thing and that, Before they sleep!

It is better that, as scholars, They should think hard in the dark cuffs Of voluminous cloaks, And shave their heads and bodies.

It might well be that their mistress Is no gaunt fugitive phantom. She might, after all, be a wanton, Abundantly beautiful, eager,

Fecund, From whose being by starlight, on sea-coast, The innermost good of their seeking Might come in the simplest of speech.

It is a good light, then, for those That know the ultimate Plato, Tranquillizing with this jewel The torments of confusion.

Interpretation

The poem pursues a contrast between poetic imagination and philosophical reasoning, the latter understood as abstract system-building associated with the rationalist tradition going back to Plato. Stevens implicitly contrasts the philosophers' Plato with 'the ultimate Plato'. Both seek the supreme good, but Plato and the other philosophers look for it in something abstract like Plato's 'Forms'—a gaunt fugitive phantom. The poet finds the highest good in the sensuous lived experience of an evening in Biscayne, where the good light of Venus, the Evening Star, reveals it to the poet as wanton, abundantly beautiful, eager, fecund. (For comparison see "On the Manner of Addressing Clouds" and "Six Significant Landscapes".)

Notes

References

Buttel, Robert. William Stevens: The Making of Harmonium. Princeton University Press, 1967.

References

link. (2010-10-13 for the complete public domain poems of Wallace Stevens.)

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