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High-resolution picture transmission

High-resolution picture transmission
An HRPT Image from a NOAA Satellite

Live Weather satellite pictures are often broadcast as high-resolution picture transmissions (HRPTs), color high-resolution picture transmissions (CHRPTs) for Chinese weather satellite transmissions, or advanced high-resolution picture transmissions (AHRPTs) for EUMETSAT weather satellite transmissions. HRPT transmissions are generally available around the world and are currently transmitted from some polar orbiting weather satellites.

Broadcast signal

The working frequency band for HRPT is L Band at 1.670–1.710 GHz and the modulation type is BPSK. On NOAA KLM satellites the transmission power is 6.35 Watts, or 38.03 dBm. The METEOR-M series of satellites uses a similar format to HRPT with the same modulation. The METOP satellites broadcast with a bandwidth of 4.5 MHz, these use QPSK and AHRPT.

Reception

Hardware

In order to receive HRPT transmissions a high gain antenna is required, such as a small satellite dish, a helical antenna, or a crossed yagi. Basic reception equipment includes a parabolic dish antenna attached to an Azimuth-Elevation unit. The HRPT signal is further enhanced with a 1.7 GHz pre-amplifier. An HRPT receiver unit and a dish tracking controller are required to steer the Azimuth-Elevation unit controlling the parabolic dish. As an alternative to receiving direct broadcast from polar orbiting satellites, users in Europe and Africa can also receive rebroadcast data from the EUMETSAT EUMETCAST service via Digital Video Broadcasting using a simple stationary satellite dish.

Software

Both commercial and free software for demodulating HRPT transmission signals exists: Example of commercial demodulation software is XHRPT Decoder. Free software exists as a part of GNURadio package, the GR-NOAA blocks and flowcharts distributed by Manuel Bülo.

Free software for decoding data packets contained in HRPT is available, for example SatDump, DWDSAT HRPT Viewer V1.1.0 or AAPP with Satpy.

Satellite status

OrganizationSatellite NameOrbitServiceFrequencyData rateStatus
NOAANOAA-15PolarHRPT1702.5 MHzurl=https://www.cgms-info.org/Agendas/WP/CGMS-39-NOAA-WP-25title=NOAA table of Polar-orbiting Satellites Equator Crossing Times and Frequencieslast=first=date=2011-09-01website=archive-url=archive-date=access-date=}}Offline
NOAANOAA-18PolarHRPT1707.0 MHz0.665MbpsOffline
NOAANOAA-19PolarHRPT1698.0 MHz0.665MbpsOffline
EUMETSATMetop-APolarAHRPT1701.3 MHz4.66MbpsEUMETSAT Polar System Core Ground Segment:Metop HRPT/LRPT User Station Design SpecificationOffline
EUMETSATMetop-BPolarAHRPT1701.3 MHz4.66MbpsTransmitting
EUMETSATMetop-CPolarAHRPT1701.3 MHz4.66MbpsTransmitting
CMAFengyun 3ASun-synchronousAHRPT1704.5 MHz4.2Mbps"– AHRPT on the series of FY-3 satellites is disseminated at 1704.5 MHz with a bandwidth of 6.8 MHz at a data rate of 4.2 Mbps or on Metop at 1701 MHz with a bandwidth of 4.5 MHz at a data rate of 4.66 Mbps ."Offline
CMAFengyun 3BSun-synchronousAHRPT1704.5 MHz4.2MbpsOffline
CMAFengyun 3CSun-synchronousAHRPT1701.3 MHz4.2MbpsOffline
RosHydroMetMeteor-M N2-1Sun-synchronousHRPTurl=https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/482title=WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-1last=first=date=website=archive-url=archive-date=access-date=2020-01-05}}title=(R) SRC Planetaurl=http://planet.iitp.ru/retro/index.php?lang=en&page_type=spacecraft&page=meteor_m_n2_structure_1access-date=2025-09-02website=planet.iitp.ru}}Offline
RosHydroMetMeteor-M N2-2Sun-synchronousHRPTurl=https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/483title=WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-2last=first=date=website=archive-url=archive-date=access-date=2020-01-05}}0.6654MbpsOffline
RosHydroMetMeteor-M N2-3Sun-synchronousHRPTurl=https://space.oscar.wmo.int/satellites/view/meteor_m_n2_3title=WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-3last=first=date=website=archive-url=archive-date=access-date=2023-09-10}}0.6654MbpsTransmitting
RosHydroMetMeteor-M N2-4Sun-synchronousHRPTurl=https://space.oscar.wmo.int/satellites/view/meteor_m_n2_4title=WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-4last=first=date=website=archive-url=archive-date=access-date=2024-08-23}}0.6654MbpsTransmitting

References

  1. (August 2025)
  2. "NOAA KLM USer's GUIDE Section 4.1".
  3. "(R) SRC Planeta".
  4. "Archived copy".
  5. (5 May 2020). "EUMETCAST".
  6. "USA-Satcom xHRPT decoder setup".
  7. "A Simple GnuRadio HRPT Decoder".
  8. "SatDump".
  9. "DWDSAT HRPT Viewer - from SatSignal Software".
  10. "ATOVS and AVHRR Pre-processing Package (AAPP)".
  11. "Satpy".
  12. (2011-09-01). "NOAA table of Polar-orbiting Satellites Equator Crossing Times and Frequencies".
  13. "Operational Satellite Status Information - NOAA Satellite Information System (NOAASIS); Office of Satellite and Product Operations".
  14. (November 2017)
  15. "WMO OSCAR | Satellite: FY-3A".
  16. "WMO OSCAR | Satellite: FY-3B".
  17. "WMO OSCAR | Satellite: FY-3C".
  18. "WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-1".
  19. "(R) SRC Planeta".
  20. "WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-2".
  21. "WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-3".
  22. "WMO Oscar Meteor-M N2-4".
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