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Gold(III) hydroxide

Gold hydroxide

Gold trihydroxide

Copper(II) hydroxide

Gold(III) oxide

Gold(III) hydroxide, gold trihydroxide, or gold hydroxide is an inorganic compound, a hydroxide of gold, with formula Au(OH)3. It is also called auric acid with formula H3AuO3. It is easily dehydrated above 140 °C to gold(III) oxide. Salts of auric acid are termed aurates.

Gold hydroxide is used in medicine, porcelain making, gold plating, and daguerrotypes. Gold hydroxide deposited on suitable carriers can be used for preparation of gold catalysts.

Gold hydroxide is a product of electrochemical corrosion of gold metalization subjected to moisture and positive electric potential; it is one of the corrosion failure modes of microelectronics. Voluminous gold hydroxide is produced from gold metalization; after the layer grows thick it may spall, and the conductive particles may cause short circuits or leakage paths. The decreased thickness of the gold layer may also lead to an increase in its electrical resistance, which can also lead to electrical failure.

Preparation and reactions

Gold(III) hydroxide is produced by the reaction of chloroauric acid with an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide: :HAuCl4 + 4NaOH → Au(OH)3 + 4NaCl + H2O

Gold(III) hydroxide reacts with ammonia to produce fulminating gold, an explosive compound.

It also reacts with an alkali to produce aurates(AuO2−).

References

References

  1. Lide, David R.. (1998). "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics". CRC Press.
  2. (26 October 2006). "CID 11536100 - Compound Summary". National Center for Biotechnology Information.
  3. (April 1848). "ART. XXIV.--OBSERVATIONS ON THE PREPARATION OF THE OXIDE OF GOLD, (AURIC ACID.)". American Journal of Pharmacy.
  4. (March 2008). "Synthesis of gold nanoshells based on the depositionprecipitation process". Gold Bulletin.
  5. (2013). "Electrochemical water splitting by gold: evidence for an oxide decomposition mechanism". Chemical Science.
  6. (1982). "Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution". Pergamon.
  7. "C&L Inventory".
  8. (2002). "Electrochemical Microsystem Technologies". CRC Press.
  9. (2016-11-15). "Structure of a Gold(III) Hydroxide and Determination of Its Solubility". The Chemical Society of Japan.
  10. (1995). "Handbook of Inorganic Compounds".
  11. (1913). ["Elementary Chemistry"](https://books.google.com/books?id=FgfnAAAAMAAJ}}{{page needed). Medico-dental Publishing Company.
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