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Glycineamide ribonucleotide

GAR

Glycinamide ribonucleotide (or GAR) is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from GAR. :[[File:Phosphoribosylamine.svg|thumb|left|Phosphoribosylamine (PRA)]] GAR is the product of the enzyme phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase acting on phosphoribosylamine (PRA) to combine it with glycine in a process driven by ATP. The reaction, forms an amide bond: : + + ATP → + ADP + Pi

The biosynthesis pathway next adds a formyl group from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to GAR, catalysed by phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase in reaction and producing formylglycinamide ribotide (FGAR): :GAR + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate → FGAR + tetrahydrofolate

References

References

  1. R. Caspi. (2009-01-13). "Pathway: 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis I". MetaCyc Metabolic Pathway Database.
  2. (2008). "Structural biology of the purine biosynthetic pathway". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences.
  3. (2021). "Fundamentals of Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism".
  4. (2010). "A "Radical Dance" in Thiamin Biosynthesis: Mechanistic Analysis of the Bacterial Hydroxymethylpyrimidine Phosphate Synthase". Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
  5. R. Caspi. (2019-09-23). "Pathway: 5-hydroxybenzimidazole biosynthesis (anaerobic)". MetaCyc Metabolic Pathway Database.
  6. (2015). "Anaerobic 5-Hydroxybenzimidazole Formation from Aminoimidazole Ribotide: An Unanticipated Intersection of Thiamin and Vitamin B12 Biosynthesis". Journal of the American Chemical Society.
  7. (2010). "Structural studies of tri-functional human GART". Nucleic Acids Research.
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