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Global Food Security Index

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The Global Food Security Index consists of a set of indices from 113 countries. It measures food security across most of the countries of the world. It was first published in 2012, and is managed and updated annually by The Economist's intelligence unit.

Global food production

Food security differs around the world, with some regions being much more prone to food insecurity due to both lack of fertile land, as well as capital that could procure sufficient food through the purchasing of imports. This demand for food is steadily growing, especially in developing countries, with studies showing it is likely to grow between 70% and 100% over the four decades from 2009. Much research is underway to increase the productivity of crops, and therefore cultivate a greater volume of food. But, unless that research extends to countries characterized by poor, high-density populations, Global Food Security Index scores are likely to decrease in the coming years. Some journals, such as Science, suggest that it is imported that play the biggest role in producing these index scores, as in developing countries, a much greater percentage of the working force is dedicated to agriculture, yet they remain the countries with the lowest Global Food Security Index Scores. This is further illustrated by the fact that the United States and Singapore consistently have the two highest Global Food Security Index scores, even though the portion of their respective economies dealing with agriculture is comparatively negligible.

Criteria

The following parameters are considered for ranking countries in relation to food security:

Nutritional standards
Urban absorption capacity
Food consumption as a share of household expenditure
Food loss
Protein quality
Agricultural import tariffs
Diet diversification
Agricultural infrastructure
Volatility of agricultural production
Proportion of population under the global poverty line
Gross domestic product per capita (US$ PPP)
Presence of food safety net programs
Access to financing for farmers
Public expenditure on agricultural R&D
Corruption
Political stability risk
Sufficiency of supply
Food safety

2022

Source:

Rank	Country	Overall score	Affordability	Availability	Quality and Safety	Sustainability and Adaptation
1st	{{flag	Finland
2nd	Ireland	81.7	92.6	70.5	86.1	75.1
3rd	Norway	80.5	87.2	60.4	86.8	87.4
4th	France	80.2	91.3	69.0	87.7	70.3
5th	Netherlands	80.1	92.7	70.7	84.7	69.2
6th	Japan	79.5	89.8	81.2	77.4	66.1
=7th	Sweden	79.1	91.9	68.3	85.0	68.3
=7th	Canada	79.1	88.3	75.7	89.5	60.1
9th	United Kingdom	78.8	91.5	71.6	77.6	71.1
10th	Portugal	78.7	90.0	77.0	79.8	64.5
11th	Switzerland	78.2	89.2	76.8	73.5	69.5
12th	Austria	78.1	91.3	67.1	81.2	69.7
13th	United States	78.0	87.1	65.1	88.8	69.4
=14th	Denmark	77.8	92.1	63.2	89.1	63.8
=14th	New Zealand	77.8	91.6	67.7	73.1	75.1
16th	Czech Republic	77.7	91.3	69.4	76.3	70.3
17th	Belgium	77.5	92.6	64.6	88.4	61.0
18th	Costa Rica	77.4	83.0	73.0	79.2	73.3
19th	Germany	77.0	87.9	67.0	79.9	70.8
20th	Spain	75.7	89.0	63.1	81.2	66.4
21st	Poland	75.5	87.4	63.8	81.5	66.7
22nd	Australia	75.4	93.3	61.1	84.0	58.8
23rd	United Arab Emirates	75.2	86.7	73.8	81.3	55.2
24th	Israel	74.8	88.6	67.2	87.4	52.2
=25th	Chile	74.2	82.4	68.8	77.0	66.6
=25th	China	74.2	86.4	79.2	72.0	54.5
27th	Italy	74.0	89.5	68.7	75.9	57.3
28th	Singapore	73.1	93.2	77.8	69.7	44.3
29th	Bulgaria	73.0	85.8	66.5	79.5	56.6
30th	Qatar	72.4	88.6	72.9	71.7	51.0
31st	Greece	72.2	88.5	58.3	80.8	57.3
32nd	Kazakhstan	72.1	78.0	67.2	76.3	65.4
33rd	Uruguay	71.8	80.0	65.6	73.8	65.8
34th	Hungary	71.4	86.7	63.3	74.4	57.0
35th	Oman	71.2	88.6	64.3	73.2	53.6
36th	Slovakia	71.1	89.1	55.3	77.9	57.6
37th	Peru	70.8	79.7	58.6	75.2	68.1
38th	Bahrain	70.3	91.3	60.1	76.3	47.3
39th	South Korea	70.2	76.8	71.5	71.5	58.5
40th	Panama	70.0	84.4	63.3	69.7	58.3
=41st	Saudi Arabia	69.9	83.2	67.2	71.6	53.7
=41st	Malaysia	69.9	87.0	59.5	74.7	53.7
=43rd	Russia	69.1	77.8	61.4	78.7	56.6
=43rd	Mexico	69.1	76.0	60.0	78.9	60.2
45th	Romania	68.8	85.1	60.6	77.9	47.1
46th	Vietnam	67.9	84.0	60.7	70.2	52.2
47th	Jordan	66.2	85.3	59.8	55.4	58.9
48th	Ecuador	65.6	70.8	59.3	69.4	62.0
49th	Turkey	65.3	58.4	65.3	78.5	61.2
50th	Kuwait	65.2	80.0	62.9	67.8	45.5
51st	Brazil	65.1	63.0	58.6	83.9	56.3
=52nd	Dominican Republic	65.0	73.4	65.0	65.3	53.5
=52nd	Bolivia	65.0	71.6	61.6	71.7	53.2
54th	Argentina	64.8	62.0	63.4	85.5	49.4
55th	Belarus	64.5	67.8	61.9	69.0	58.5
56th	El Salvador	64.2	72.5	71.2	71.5	38.1
57th	Morocco	63.0	74.6	42.9	73.1	60.0
58th	Guatemala	62.8	65.2	56.7	61.3	67.9
59th	South Africa	61.7	63.4	60.1	66.1	56.9
60th	Honduras	61.5	59.8	61.9	64.9	60.0
61st	Serbia	61.4	81.5	49.3	72.6	37.0
62nd	Tunisia	60.3	74.5	54.1	58.8	49.7
63rd	Indonesia	60.2	81.4	50.9	56.2	46.3
=64th	Thailand	60.1	83.7	52.9	45.3	51.6
=64th	Colombia	60.1	64.6	54.6	63.3	56.9
66th	Azerbaijan	59.8	78.1	56.2	54.5	44.6
67th	Philippines	59.3	71.5	55.2	65.3	41.8
=68th	Algeria	58.9	66.8	57.3	54.7	54.2
=68th	India	58.9	59.3	62.3	62.1	51.2
70th	Paraguay	58.6	74.3	47.0	76.3	32.8
71st	Ukraine	57.9	66.6	48.1	71.3	43.5
72nd	Myanmar	57.6	62.1	53.5	64.4	49.0
73rd	Uzbekistan	57.5	52.7	56.4	64.6	57.9
74th	Nepal	56.9	52.7	70.9	57.8	46.2
75th	Tajikistan	56.7	59.8	56.3	56.5	53.1
76th	Nicaragua	56.6	64.4	50.2	57.5	52.7
77th	Egypt	56.0	65.2	54.2	45.9	55.8
78th	Cambodia	55.7	74.3	54.5	54.0	33.9
79th	Sri Lanka	55.2	61.0	57.2	55.0	45.3
80th	Bangladesh	54.0	52.1	61.5	58.4	43.9
81st	Laos	53.1	59.7	51.8	51.7	47.0
82nd	Kenya	53.0	41.7	52.5	68.8	52.6
83rd	Ghana	52.6	59.9	52.4	50.5	45.1
84th	Pakistan	52.2	59.9	58.3	49.4	37.7
85th	Mali	51.9	53.4	48.7	56.8	48.8
86th	Senegal	51.2	57.9	47.8	53.9	43.5
87th	Botswana	51.1	69.0	40.5	57.3	32.9
88th	Rwanda	50.6	48.4	51.8	50.3	52.7
89th	Burkina Faso	49.6	49.5	49.8	52.8	46.4
90th	Tanzania	49.1	45.8	58.7	50.2	41.7
=91st	Benin	48.1	50.5	53.6	48.1	38.9
=91st	Malawi	48.1	33.6	52.9	52.0	58.2
93rd	Uganda	47.7	48.3	41.0	45.1	57.0
94th	Mozambique	47.3	42.6	49.4	41.8	56.5
95th	Côte d'Ivoire	46.5	54.2	42.1	44.1	43.2
96th	Cameroon	46.4	50.4	31.9	56.5	47.0
97th	Niger	46.3	42.8	41.7	47.0	55.5
98th	Togo	46.2	45.7	51.0	42.3	45.4
99th	Guinea	45.1	37.0	49.0	39.8	56.9
100th	Ethiopia	44.5	32.9	44.7	59.3	44.9
101st	Angola	43.7	35.5	43.5	43.9	54.6
102nd	Zambia	43.5	26.8	46.7	54.2	51.6
103rd	Chad	43.2	50.1	40.0	44.7	35.9
104th	Democratic Republic of Congo	43.0	46.9	40.6	43.5	40.1
105th	Sudan	42.8	35.2	48.2	53.9	35.7
106th	Venezuela	42.6	41.8	36.7	51.5	41.4
107th	Nigeria	42.0	25.0	39.5	55.6	53.7
=108th	Burundi	40.6	32.5	41.4	52.4	38.6
=108th	Madagascar	40.6	39.5	43.0	34.9	44.9
110th	Sierra Leone	40.5	36.6	35.5	41.8	49.8
111th	Yemen	40.1	46.4	26.9	48.7	37.8
112th	Haiti	38.5	32.8	49.6	37.9	34.2
113th	Syria	36.3	32.0	26.6	50.8	38.4

2019

113th	Venezuela	31.2	15.8	32.2	66.9

References

Gillam, Carey. (July 10, 2012). "U.S., Denmark top ranking of world's most "food-secure" countries". Reuters.
(March 2019). "The Role of the Foreign Trade in Ensuring Food Security in the Countries of the World: An Empirical Analysis". System Safety: Human – Technical Facility – Environment.
Baulcombe, David. (October 2009). "Reaping the benefits: science and the sustainable intensification of global agriculture". The Royal Society.
(2016). "Redesigning The Global Food Security Index: A Multivariate Composite I-Distance Indicator Approach". International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics.
"Global Food Security Index".
(2022). "Global Food Security Index 2022".
(November 18, 2022). "Food secure index, 2019 december".

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