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Fiber pull-out

One of the failure mechanisms in fiber-reinforced composite materials

One of the failure mechanisms in fiber-reinforced composite materials

Fiber pull-out is one of the failure mechanisms in fiber-reinforced composite materials. Other forms of failure include delamination, intralaminar matrix cracking, longitudinal matrix splitting, fiber/matrix debonding, and fiber fracture.

Work for debonding, W_d = \frac{\pi; d^2; \sigma_f^2; l_d}{24; E_f}

where

  • d is fiber diameter
  • \sigma_f^2 is failure strength of the fiber
  • l_d is the length of the debonded zone
  • E_f is fiber modulus

The figure is an example of how a fracture surface of this material looks like. The strong fibers form bridges over the cracks before they fail at elongations around 0.7%, and thus prevent brittle rupture of the material at 0.05%, especially under thermal shock conditions. This allows using this type of ceramics for heat shields applied for the re-entry of space vehicles, for disk brakes and slide bearing components.

References

References

  1. WJ Cantwell, J Morton. (1991). "The impact resistance of composite materials -- a review". Composites.
  2. The cause of fiber pull-out and [[delamination]] is weak bonding.Serope Kalpakjian, Steven R Schmid. "Manufacturing Engineering and Technology". 6th Ed. Prentice Hall, Inc. 2009, p. 223. {{ISBN. 0136081681
  3. WJ Cantwell, J Morton. (1991). "The impact resistance of composite materials -- a review". Composites.
  4. V. Bheemreddy et al. "[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927025613004278 Modeling of fiber pull-out in continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composites using finite element method and artificial neural networks]," Computational Materials Science, Vol. 79, pp.663-676, 2013.
  5. W. Krenkel, ed.:''Ceramic Matrix Composites'', Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2008, {{doi. 10.1002/9783527622412 {{ISBN. 978-3-527-31361-7
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