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Famoxadone

Famoxadone is a fungicide to protect agricultural products against various fungal diseases on fruiting vegetables, tomatoes, potatoes, curcurbits, lettuce and grapes. It is used in combination with cymoxanil. Famoxadone is a QI, albeit with a chemistry different from most QIs. (It is an oxazolidine-dione while most are strobilurins.) It is commonly used against Plasmopara viticola, Alternaria solani, Phytophthora infestans, and Septoria nodorum.

Molecular interaction

Famoxadone is of lesser interaction strength at the Q pocket than some other QIs, for example, azoxystrobin. This is because azoxystrobin and such interact more centrally in the Q pocket than does famoxadone.

Resistance management

Although it has a different chemistry, famoxadone shows full cross-resistance with the rest of the main FRAC group 11 that it belongs to, which is almost entirely strobs. It has not shown cross-resistance with the 11A subgroup however. As with all QIs there is a high risk of resistance development and so pesticide stewardship is important.

Populations of P. infestans and A. solani in northern and western Europe are not known to be resistant to famoxadone.

Great Britain approval withdrawn

On June 30 2024, approval for famoxadone's use in Great Britain was withdrawn by the Health and Safety Executive due to the risk it presents to birds. Its use was already banned in the European Union, and there was in 2024 concern about the levels of allowed residue particularly on table grapes being too high.

References

References

  1. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061010184825/http://www.epa.gov/opprd001/factsheets/famoxadone.pdf Famoxadone Pesticide Fact Sheet], [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]]
  2. Phillip Brannen. "Fungicide resistance management for powdery and downy mildews".
  3. FRAC ([[Fungicide Resistance Action Committee]]). (March 2021). "FRAC Code List ©*2021: Fungal control agents sorted by cross resistance pattern and mode of action (including coding for FRAC Groups on product labels)".
  4. Schepers, Huub T. A. M.. (2015). "Fungicide Resistance in Plant Pathogens". Springer Japan.
  5. Knight, S. C.. (1997). "Rationale and Perspectives on the Development of Fungicides". [[Annual Reviews (publisher).
  6. Cramer, William A.. (2006). "Transmembrane Traffic in the Cytochrome ''b''{{sub". [[Annual Reviews (publisher).
  7. (August 7, 2024). "Expiry of the approval of the active substance famoxadone". [[Health and Safety Executive]].
  8. (March 9, 2023). "Targeted risk assessment for famoxadone". European Food Safety Authority.
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fungicides oxazolidinediones phenol-ethers quinone-outside-inhibitors
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