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Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah

FieldValue
conflictBattle and Massacre of Jurash (Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah
placeJurash, (south of Sanaa)
dateSpring 632 AD, 10 AH
combatant1First Islamic State
combatant2Jurash defenders
resultMuslim Victory
Massacre of all of cities inhabitants and Khath'am tribesmen<ref name"muir1878"
units1Likely 200-500 total fighters
commander1Muhammad (oversaw the expedition)
units2Likely 300-600 defenders
commander2Unnamed Tribal Leaders
notes- Muslims besieged Jurash for 1 month.
- Muhammad approved the campaign.<ref name"jandora1990"

Allied Khath'am tribesman

Massacre of all of cities inhabitants and Khath'am tribesmen (15-20 fighters from Azd) Surad ibn Abdullah (field commander)

  • Surad used a feigned withdrawal to lure defenders into a pitched battle.

  • Heavy casualties were inflicted on Jurash defenders; ambassadors later found the inhabitants had been killed.

  • Muhammad approved the campaign. Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah to attack the people of Jurash took place in 10 AH of the Islamic calendar,{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet (translated by Isma'il Qurban Husayn)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA88| first=Al|last=Tabari|date=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press

Background

In 10 AH of the Islamic calendar, 15–20 men from the Banu Azd, led by Surad ibn Abdullah, presented themselves to Muhammad to submit to Islam. Muhammad recognized Surad as the ruler of his clan, and ordered him to war against the Non-Muslim tribes in his neighborhood who didn't convert to Islam. The 15-20 men were later reinforced. The city of Jurash and the Khath'am tribe were pagans.

Expedition

Initial attack

Surad ibn Abdullah then set out on his military expedition to Jurash in Yemen, and Muhammad provided him with an army of Muslim fighters to fulfil his task. At that time, Jurash was a closed city inhabited by Yemeni tribes. The Khath'am tribe sought refuge with the people of Jurash, when they heard of the Muslim marching to the area, they shut themselves inside the closed city and refused to open the doors.

Surad ibn Abdullah besieged the city of Jurash for 1 month, but with no success. But then he pretended to withdraw from the area into the hills, the enemy fell into the trap, and then in pitch battles he defeated the pursuing enemy, and Tabari mentions that he inflicted heavy casualties on them.

Massacre of Jurash

The people of Jurash sent 2 ambassadors to Muhammad for talks of reconciliation, they talked to Muhammad kindly by referring to him, as "The Messenger of God".

They then asked Muhammad what was currently happening at Jurash, he said that camels were being slaughtered, to which Abu Bakr or Uthman (which the 2 men were sat next to) said that what Muhammad meant was, that their people have been killed already i.e. slaughtered. Abu Bakr or Umar then said to the 2 men, that they should go to Muhammad, and ask him to pray to remove the affliction (pain and suffering). They did just that and they later returned to their city to find all their people were killed.

References

References

  1. William Muir. (August 1878). "The Life of Mahomet". Kessinger Publishing Co.
  2. John Walter Jandora. (1990). "The March from Medina: A Revisionist Study of the Arab Conquests". Kingston Press.
  3. Muir, William. (August 1878). "The life of Mahomet (Full free digitized version)". Kessinger Publishing Co.
  4. Jandora, John Walter. (1990). "The march from Medina: a revisionist study of the Arab conquests". Kingston Press, Original from: University of Michigan.
  5. Watt, William Montgomery. (1981). "Muhammad at Medina". Oxford University Press.
  6. Muir, William. (August 1878). "The life of Mahomet (Full free digitized version)". Kessinger Publishing Co.
  7. Muir, William. (August 1878). "The life of Mahomet (Full free digitized version)". Kessinger Publishing Co.
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