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Expedition 3

2001 expedition to the International Space Station

Field	Value
name	Expedition 3
image	International Space Station Over Miami, Florida.jpg
image_caption	Zenith view of the International Space Station in December 2001, at the end of Expedition 3.
insignia	Iss expedition 3 mission patch.png
insignia_caption	Expedition 3 mission patch
mission_type	Long-duration expedition
mission_duration	124 days, 22 hours, 47 minutes (at ISS)
128 days, 20 hours, 45 minutes, 58 seconds (launch to landing)
orbits_completed	2,020
distance_travelled	85860485 km
crew_size	3
crew_members	Frank L. Culbertson Jr.
Vladimir Dezhurov
Mikhail Tyurin
crew_EVAs	4
crew_EVA_duration	17 hours, 50 minutes
crew_photo	ISS Expedition 3 crew.jpg
crew_photo_caption	L-R: Mikhail Tyurin, Frank L. Culbertson Jr., and Vladimir Dezhurov
space_station	International Space Station
start_date	UTC
end_date	UTC
arrival_craft	STS-105

departure_craft	STS-108

previous_mission	Expedition 2
next_mission	Expedition 4
programme	ISS expeditions

128 days, 20 hours, 45 minutes, 58 seconds (launch to landing)

Vladimir Dezhurov Mikhail Tyurin

Expedition 3 was the third expedition to the International Space Station. Commander Frank L. Culbertson Jr. was the only American crew member, and as such the only American not on Earth during the 9/11 attacks, which the crew photographed and videoed from the ISS.

Crew

Mission objectives

Vladimir N. Dezhurov, Expedition Three flight engineer in Node 1 on the International Space Station. (Note the speed limit signs on the hatch)

A setting sun and the thin blue airglow line at Earth's horizon photographed by an Expedition 3 crew member.

Research in space begun by two previous crews aboard the International Space Station (ISS) expanded during the Expedition Three mission. The third resident crew launched on 10 August 2001 on Space Shuttle Discovery during mission STS-105 and took control of the complex on 13 August 2001. The crew conducted a science-intensive increment and completed four spacewalks. The Expedition Three crew ended their 117-day residency on board the ISS on 8 December 2001 when their custom Soyuz seat-liners were transferred to Space Shuttle Endeavour for the return trip home during mission STS-108.

The Expedition Three crew of the International Space Station enjoyed a unique view of the 2001 Leonid meteor storm. "It looked like we were seeing UFOs approaching the earth flying in formation, three or four at a time," recalls astronaut Frank Culbertson. "There were hundreds per minute going beneath us, really spectacular!" News reports had warned sky watchers in advance: On 18 November 2001, Earth was due to plow through a minefield of debris shed by Comet Tempel-Tuttle. Innumerable bits of comet dust would become meteors when they hit Earth's atmosphere at 144000 mph. Experts predicted an unforgettable display ... and it came. Millions of people saw the show, but only three of them—the ones on board the space station—saw it from above. "We had to look down to see the meteors," says Culbertson. "That's because the atmosphere (where comet dust burns up) is below the station."

An international crew of three were the third crew to live aboard the International Space Station. The team was led by American Commander Frank Culbertson, and joined by Russian crewmates Vladimir Dezhurov, mission pilot, and flight engineer Mikhail Tyurin. As a part of the STS-105 mission, Discovery delivered the Expedition 3 crew to the station. During their four-month stay, the crew saw the orbital complex expand and research work grow. The Expedition 3 crew returned home on mission STS-108.

Spacewalks

All four of the spacewalks during Expedition 3 were completed using the Russian Orlan spacesuit and from the Pirs air lock on the Russian segment of the International Space Station.

Mission	Spacewalkers	Start (UTC)	End (UTC)	Duration
Expedition 3
EVA 1
Vladimir Dezhurov
Mikhail Tyurin	8 October 2001
14:23	8 October 2001
19:21	4 hours 58 minutes
Dezhurov and Tyurin made connections between Pirs and the station's Zvezda Service Module. The spacewalkers installed a cable that will allow space walk radio communications between the two station sections. They also installed handrails on the new compartment. Then, they installed an exterior ladder that will be used to help spacewalkers leave Pirs' hatch. Tyurin and Dezhurov installed a Strela cargo crane onto the station.
Expedition 3
EVA 2
Dezhurov
Tyurin	15 October 2001
09:17	15 October 2001
15:09	5 hours 52 minutes
Dezhurov and Tyurin installed Russian commercial experiments on the exterior of Pirs. Among the experiments is a set of investigations of how various materials react to the space environment over a long time. Called MPAC-SEEDS, the investigation is housed in three briefcase-sized containers.
Expedition 3
EVA 3
Dezhurov
Frank Culbertson	12 November 2001
21:41	13 November 2001
02:45	5 hours 4 minutes
Dezhurov and Culbertson connected cables on the exterior of Pirs for the Kurs automated docking system. They completed checks of the Strela cargo crane, using one space walker at the end of the crane's boom to simulate a cargo. They also inspected and photographed a small panel of one solar array on the Zvezda Service Module that has one portion of a panel not fully unfolded.
Expedition 3
EVA 4
Dezhurov
Tyurin	3 December 2001
13:20	3 December 2001
16:06	2 hours 46 minutes
Dezhurov and Tyurin removed an obstruction that prevented a Progress resupply ship from firmly docking with the International Space Station. They also took pictures of the debris, which was a rubber seal from the previous cargo ship, and of the docking interface.

Mission patch

The Expedition 3 mission patch depicts the book of space history, turning from the chapter with the Russian space station Mir and the space shuttle to the next chapter, one that will be written on the blank pages of the future by space explorers working for the benefit of the entire world. Above the book is a layout of what the station will look like when completed, docked with the space shuttle.

9/11 satellite pictures

On 11 September 2001, the International Space Station passed over New York City and astronaut Frank L. Culbertson Jr. photographed the smoke clouds billowing from the World Trade Center site in Downtown Manhattan.

References

"Frank Culbertson Letter". [[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]] ([[NASA]]).
"Expedition 3 Press Kit". NASA.
"Expedition 3 Spacewalks". NASA.
Pike, John. "World Trade Center – New York City – September 11, 2001".
"Photo Index 6".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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