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Erythrose 4-phosphate

-Erythrose 4-(dihydrogen phosphate)

Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphate of the simple sugar erythrose. It is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle.

The enzyme transaldolase catalyzes the formation of erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate from sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. This reaction is a part of the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway.

In the Calvin cycle, the enzyme fructose-bisphosphate aldolase catalyzes the formation of sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate from erythrose 4-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

In addition, it serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. It is used in the first step of the shikimate pathway. At this stage, phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate react to form 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP), in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme DAHP synthase.

:[[File:DAHP synthase reaction.svg|left|500px|thumb|Biosynthesis of DAHP from phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate]]

It also used in 3-hydroxy-1-aminoacetone phosphate biosynthesis, which is a precursor of vitamin B6 in DXP-dependent pathway. Erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase is used to produce 4-phospho-D-erythronic acid:

References

References

  1. (1957). "Formation of Erythrose-4-phosphate and Acetyl Phosphate by a Phosphorolytic Cleavage of Fructose-6-phosphate". Nature.
  2. (December 2008). "The biochemistry, metabolism and inherited defects of the pentose phosphate pathway: A review". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease.
  3. (August 2015). "The return of metabolism: biochemistry and physiology of the pentose phosphate pathway". Biological Reviews.
  4. {{KEGG enzyme. 1.2.1.72
  5. (1998). "Involvement of the gapA- and epd (gapB)-encoded dehydrogenases in pyridoxal 5'-phosphate coenzyme biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12". J. Bacteriol..
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monosaccharide-derivatives organophosphates pentose-phosphate-pathway
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