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Docosatetraenoic acid

Docosatetraenoic acid designates any straight chain 22:4 fatty acid. (See Essential fatty acid for nomenclature.)

One isomer is of particular interest:

  • all-cis-7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid is an ω-6 fatty acid with the common name adrenic acid (AdA). This is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid formed through a 2-carbon chain elongation of arachidonic acid. It is one of the most abundant fatty acids in the early human brain. This unsaturated fatty acid is also metabolized by cells to biologically active products viz., dihomoprostaglandins, and epoxydocosatrienoic acids (EDTs, also known as dihomo-EETs). In addition to being endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors, EDTs have demonstrated anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-nociceptive activities. They are hydrolyzed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to dihydroxydocosatrienoic acids (DHDTs) and hence might play a role in the efficacy of sEH inhibitors.

References

References

  1. Martinez M. (1992). "Tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids during early human development". J Pediatr.
  2. (1985). "Synthesis of dihomoprostaglandins from adrenic acid (7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid) by human endothelial cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta.
  3. (2010). "Adrenic acid metabolites as endogenous endothelium-derived and zona glomerulosa-derived hyperpolarizing factors". Hypertension.
  4. (May 2007). "Metabolism of adrenic acid to vasodilatory 1alpha,1beta-dihomo-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids by bovine coronary arteries.". Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.
  5. (March 2021). "Adrenic Acid-Derived Epoxy Fatty Acids Are Naturally Occurring Lipids and Their Methyl Ester Prodrug Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Pain.". ACS Omega.
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