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DLX6-AS1

Non-coding RNA

Field	Value
Name	Evf-2
image	Evf2-ss-cons.png
caption	Conserved secondary structure of Evf2 (an alternatively-spliced Evf1) RNA.
Symbol	Evf-2
Rfam	RF01887
RNA_type	RNA gene
Tax_domain	Mammalia

DLX6 antisense RNA 1 (DLX6-AS1) (Evf-1 (Embryonic ventral forebrain-1)) is a developmentally-regulated long non-coding RNA. In rats, it is expressed in neurons in the subventricular zone of the developing forebrain. Its expression is linked to that of the Shh (sonic hedgehog) and DLX families of genes, which are important in ventral forebrain and craniofacial development. An alternatively spliced form of DLX6-AS1, DLX6-AS2, forms a stable complex with the Dlx-2 protein. This complex activates transcription of Dlx-5 and Dlx-6.

DLX6-AS2 regulates gene expression in a region of the brain which produces GABAergic interneurons during development. It is involved in the signaling pathway and works in conjunction with DLX homeodomain proteins to increase the effectiveness of the Dlx5/6 enhancer element within neural stem cells. The interneurons are found in the hippocampus of the adult brain, an area responsible for learning and memory.

GABAergic interneurons have been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia and epilepsy; as DLX6-AS2 controls the development of these neurons, it has been subject to studies regarding the causation of these disorders.

DLX6-AS2 is the first known long non-coding RNA to be involved in organogenesis.

References

(July 2004). "Developmental regulation of EVF-1, a novel non-coding RNA transcribed upstream of the mouse Dlx6 gene". Gene Expr. Patterns.
(June 2006). "The Evf-2 noncoding RNA is transcribed from the Dlx-5/6 ultraconserved region and functions as a Dlx-2 transcriptional coactivator". Genes Dev..
Sciencedaily. (Sep 1, 2009). "Non-Coding RNA Called Evf2 Is Important For Gene Regulation".
(August 2009). "Balanced gene regulation by an embryonic brain ncRNA is critical for adult hippocampal GABA circuitry". Nat. Neurosci..
(August 2005). "Reduced cortical activity due to a shift in the balance between excitation and inhibition in a mouse model of Rett syndrome". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A..
(April 2005). "Cortical inhibitory neurons and schizophrenia". Nat. Rev. Neurosci..
Di Cristo G. (July 2007). "Development of cortical GABAergic circuits and its implications for neurodevelopmental disorders". Clin. Genet..
(October 2006). "Gene control by large noncoding RNAs". Sci. STKE.

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