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Dimorphite

Arsenic-sulfide mineral

Field	Value
name	Dimorphite
category	Sulfide mineral
formula	As4S3
IMAsymbol	Dim
molweight	395.88 g/mol
system	Orthorhombic
class	Dipyramidal (mmm)
H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)
symmetry	Pnma
unit cell	a = 11.24, b = 9.90
c = 6.56 [Å]; Z = 4
strunz	2.FA.10
color	orange-yellow
habit	Groups of pyramidal crystals
cleavage	none
fracture	brittle
mohs	1.5
luster	adamantine
opticalprop	Biaxial (+)
dispersion	strong
fluorescence	none
streak	yellow
gravity	3.59
diaphaneity	transparent
other	burns without residue
references

H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m) c = 6.56 [Å]; Z = 4 Dimorphite, chemical name arsenic sesquisulfide (As4S3), is a very rare orange-yellow arsenic sulfide mineral. In nature, dimorphite forms primarily by deposition in volcanic fumaroles at temperatures of 70 –. Dimorphite was first discovered in such a fumarole near Naples, Italy in 1849 by the mineralogist Arcangelo Scacchi (1810–1893). Since its discovery, dimorphite has been found in the Alacrán silver mine near Copiapó, Chile. It has also been reported from Cerro de Pasco, Peru, and the Lavrion District Mines in Attica, Greece.

Properties and applications

Dimorphite has two crystal forms, Α- and Β-. This property gives rise to its name, which comes from the Greek for "two" and "form." Dimorphite transitions between its α- and β- forms at around 130 °C.

Dimorphite can be synthesized by melting arsenic and sulfur together in the proper molar ratios in vacuum.

Initial research indicates the possibility of using synthetic dimorphite in the development of gas sensors,{{Cite journal due to the semiconductive properties of dimorphite.

References

Warr, L.N.. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine.
[http://www.mindat.org/min-1292.html Dimorphite mineral information and data Mindat.org]
[http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/dimorphite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy]
[http://webmineral.com/data/Dimorphite.shtml Webmineral data]
Guarini G, Palmieri L, Scacchi A (1855) Chapter 5. Esame mineralogico-chimico delle produzioni dell'incendio, in Memoria sullo Incendio Vesuviano, Gaetano Nobile (Napoli) p. 165-200
Wiberg, Egon, Nils Wiberg, and Arnold Frederick Holleman. ''Inorganic Chemistry.'' San Diego: Academic Press, 2001.

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arsenic-minerals sulfide-minerals orthorhombic-minerals minerals-in-space-group-62

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