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Dihydrogen phosphate
Inorganic ion
Inorganic ion
Dehydrophosphoric acid (1−)
Dihydrogen phosphate is an inorganic ion with the formula [H2PO4]−. Phosphates occur widely in natural systems. Perhaps the most common salt of dihydrogen phosphate is sodium dihydrogen phosphate. It is used in animal feed, fertilizer, buffer (in food), and treating metal surfaces.
Structure
The dihydrogen phosphate anion consists of a central phosphorus atom bonded two oxides and two hydroxy groups in a tetrahedral arrangement.
Acid-base equilibria
Dihydrogen phosphate can be both a hydrogen donor and acceptor.
| Equilibrium | Disassociation constant, p*K*a{{cite journal |
|---|---|
| first1=Kipton J. | first2=Paul L. |
| H3PO4 + H+ | Values are at 25°C and 0 ionic strength.}} |
| + H+ | p*K*a2 = 7.20 |
| + H+ | p*K*a3 = 12.37 |
Examples
- Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ((NH4)(H2PO4))
- Monocalcium phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2)
Safety
Many foods including milk, eggs, poultry, and nuts contain these sodium phosphates.
Notes
References
References
- Tech, Noah. "Sodium Phosphates: From Food to Pharmacology {{!}} Noah Technologies".
- (2022). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry".
- PubChem. "Dihydrogen phosphate".
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