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Dacre Castle

Moated tower house in the village of Dacre

Field	Value
name	Dacre Castle
location	Dacre, England
coordinates
gridref
image	Dacre Castle (geograph 2648020).jpg
caption	The tower house of Dacre Castle
map_type	United Kingdom Eden#Cumbria
map_caption	Location in Eden, Cumbria##Location in Cumbria, England
type	Tower house and moated enclosure
materials	Sandstone
ownership	Privately occupied
open_to_public	No

Dacre Castle is a moated tower house in the village of Dacre, 4 mi south-west of Penrith, Cumbria, England. It was constructed in the mid-14th century, probably by Margaret Multon, against the background of the threat of Scottish invasion and raids, and was held in the Dacre family until the 17th century. The tower house is 66 ft tall, built out of local sandstone, topped by crenellations, with four turrets protruding from a central block, and includes an ornate lavabo in the main hall. Renovated during the 1670s and 1960s after periods of disrepair, the castle is now used as a private home.

History

Dacre Castle was probably built by Margaret Multon, the wife of Ralph Dacre, in the middle of the 14th century. The Dacre family had risen in prominence in Cumberland during the 12th and early 13th centuries, and William Dacre, Ralph's father, had acquired a licence to crenellate the property of Dunmallogt in 1307, quite close to the future site of Dacre Castle. Ralph married Margaret in 1317, becoming extremely wealthy as a result, and received permission to found Naworth Castle in 1335. There may have been an older building already on the site, possibly moated, but this is uncertain.

After Margaret's death, the castle continued to be owned by the Dacre family until the death of Randal Dacre in 1634, when it passed briefly to the Crown. By 1675 the castle had become derelict and was restored by the then Lord Dacre, Thomas Lennard. A new entrance to the castle was constructed and square, 17th-century windows installed. After Thomas's death in 1715 the castle was sold to Edward Hassell. The condition of the castle deteriorated again in the 18th century, becoming overgrown and dilapidated, and by the 19th century the Hassell family were using it as a farmhouse.

In 1961, the castle was leased for 22 years by Anthony and Bunty Kinsman, at a cost of £1,000. The property required extensive structural repairs and renovations in order to be made habitable, which the Kinsmans undertook over the next two years. The construction work cost £8,596, and some financial support was provided by the Ministry of Works in exchange for the castle being opened to the public for the next fifteen years. The new oak doors in the castle were fitted with iron hinges that had originally been used in nearby Lowther Castle. In 1967, the castle was visited by Princess Sharada Shah, the daughter of the King Mahendra of Nepal, as part of an official trip to the UK.

In the 21st century the castle is owned by the Hassell-McCosh family and is rented out as a private home. It is protected under UK law as a grade I listed building.

Architecture

Dacre Castle lies in a valley, overlooking a stream and fields. It comprises a tower house surrounded by a three-sided moat, creating an enclosed courtyard to the east 73 m by 55 m across. The courtyard originally held various buildings, possibly stables and offices, but the tower house was designed to operate independently, without the need for attached facilities. Architecturally, the design of Dacre resembles Harewood and Langley Castles.

Plan of Dacre Castle: A – pond; B – moat; C – courtyard; D – tower-house

The tower house is in the north-east corner of the enclosure and takes the form of a square, central block, with two large turrets on one side and two smaller turrets resembling angular buttresses on the other. It is made of large blocks of local sandstone and the roof is crenellated. The central block is 36 ft by 20 ft inside, and is 66 ft tall, with 8.5 ft thick walls. The building was originally entered through the south-west turret on the ground-floor, but since the 17th century the entrance way has been directly into the central block up an exterior staircase.

The ground floor of the central block contains two vaulted chambers and the first-floor forms a hall containing an ornate lavabo, with smaller chambers in the turrets. The second floor similarly forms a single large chamber, 17 ft high, with rooms in each of the adjacent turrets, and is traditionally called the "Room of the Three Kings", after the legend described by William of Malmesbury.|group="nb"}} In the 14th century, these large chambers would have been subdivided into smaller rooms.

Notes

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References

{{harvnb. Emery. 1996
{{harvnb. Emery. 1996
Pounds. 1994
{{harvnb. Emery. 1996
{{harvnb. Mackenzie. 1896. Emery. 1996. Pettifer. 2002
{{harvnb. Mackenzie. 1896. Emery. 1996
{{harvnb. Lysons. Lysons. 1816. Murray. 1869
"List Entry Summary: Moated Site of Dacre Castle". English Heritage.
{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971
{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971
{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971
{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971
(1 May 2009). "Ghost of Chance to See Something Special During Castle Open Days". Cumberland and Westmoreland Herald.
"List Entry Summary: Moated Site of Dacre Castle". English Heritage.
{{harvnb. Emery. 1996. Pettifer. 2002
"List Entry Summary: Moated Site of Dacre Castle". English Heritage.
{{harvnb. Emery. 1996. Mackenzie. 1896. Pounds. 1994
{{harvnb. Emery. 1996. Mackenzie. 1896
"List Entry Summary: Moated Site of Dacre Castle". English Heritage.
{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971. Emery. 1996
{{#tag:ref. The link between Dacre Castle and the "three kings" comes from [[William of Malmesbury]]'s 12th-century account of [[Constantine III of Scotland]], [[Owain ap Dyfnwal (fl. 934). Owain ap Dyfnwal of the Cumbrians]] and King [[Æthelstan]] of England meeting at Dacre in the year 927.{{harvnb. Mackenzie. 1896
The renovations in the 1960s uncovered a possible [[priest hole]] behind the fireplace in the Room of the Three Kings, {{convert. 7. ft by {{convert. 4. ft; this chamber was re-sealed to avoid the cost of restoring it.{{harvnb. Kinsman. 1971

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houses-completed-in-the-14th-century towers-completed-in-the-14th-century peel-towers-in-cumbria dacre,-cumbria grade-i-listed-buildings-in-cumbria

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