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Cutaneous receptor

Type of sensory receptor

A cutaneous receptor is a sensory receptor found in the skin that provides information about temperature, touch (including vibration and pain), spatial orientation, pressure (stretching or squeezing), and metabolic circumstances (including those induced by external chemical substances). The main four types of cutaneous receptors are tactile corpuscles, bulbous corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel nerve endings, although the latter do not qualify as sensory corpuscles in the narrow sense.

Types==

The sensory receptors in the skin are:

Mechanoreceptors
- Bulbous corpuscles (skin stretch)
- Bulboid corpuscles (Cold)
- Tactile corpuscles (changes in texture, slow vibrations)
- Pacinian corpuscles (deep pressure, fast vibrations)
- Merkel nerve endings (sustained touch and pressure)
- Free nerve endings
thermoreceptor
nociceptors
chemoreceptors

Modalities==

With the above-mentioned receptor types the skin can sense the modalities touch, pressure, vibration, temperature and pain. The modalities and their receptors are partly overlapping, and are innervated by different kinds of fiber types.

Modality	Type	Fiber type	Touch	Touch and pressure	Vibration	Temperature	Pain and Itch
Rapidly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors (tactile corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles
hair follicle receptors
some free nerve endings)	Aβ fibers
Slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Merkel nerve ending and bulbous corpuscles
some free nerve endings)	Aβ fibers (Merkel and Ruffini's), Aδ fibers (free nerve endings)
Tactile corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles	Aβ fibers
Thermoreceptors	Aδ fibers (cold receptors)
C fibers (warmth receptors)
Free nerve ending nociceptors	Aδ fibers (Nociceptors of neospinothalamic tract)
C fibers (Nociceptors of paleospinothalamic tract)

Morphology

Cutaneous receptors are at the ends of afferent neurons. works within the capsule. Ion channels are situated near these networks.

In sensory transduction, the afferent nerves transmit through a series of synapses in the central nervous system, first in the spinal cord, the ventrobasal portion of the thalamus, and then on to the somatosensory cortex.

References

(2021-01-10). "The Human Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles: An Update". Journal of Clinical Medicine.
Mada S. S. (2000): Human Biology. McGraw–Hill, New York, {{ISBN. 0-07-290584-0.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

sensory-receptors

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