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Constitutional Court of Lithuania

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Field	Value
court_name	Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania
native_name	Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinis Teismas
image	Konstitucinio teismo logo.svg
established	1992
jurisdiction	Republic of Lithuania
location	Gediminas Avenue, Vilnius, Lithuania
coordinates
type	Renewed by a third every three years, each judge nominated by the President, Speaker of Seimas and the Head of the Supreme Court and appointed by Seimas
authority	Constitution of Lithuania
terms	9 years (only one term allowed)
positions	9
website
chiefjudgetitle	President of the Constitutional Court of Lithuania
chiefjudgename	Gintaras Goda
termstart	6 April 2023

Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania (in ) is the constitutional court of the Republic of Lithuania, established by the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania of 1992. It began the activities after the adoption of the Law of Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania on 3 February 1993. Since its inception, the court has been located in Vilnius.

The main task of the court is judicial review. It may therefore declare the acts of the Seimas unconstitutional and thus render them ineffective. As such, it is comparable to the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany or, in a limited scope, to the Supreme Court of the United States. However, it differs from it and other supreme courts in that it is not part of the regular judicial system, but more a unique judicial branch. Most importantly, it does not serve as a regular court of appeals from lower courts or as a sort of "superappellate court" on any violation of national laws.

Its jurisdiction is focused on constitutional issues, the integrity of the Constitution. Moreover, it adjudicates on the conformance of the acts of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania to the laws, compliance with the Constitution of international agreements, as well as their ratification, and takes a final decision on voting infringements.

Activities

Headquarters of Constitutional Court in Vilnius

The Court has played a substantial role in the development of the Lithuanian legal system, declaring a number of national laws unconstitutional. On 31 March 2004, it issued a ruling acknowledging the breach of the oath of office by the President Rolandas Paksas. He was removed from office by Seimas following the impeachment on 6 April 2004; this has been the first successful case of impeachment of the head of state in the history of Europe. The ruling interpreted the Constitution as precluding a person, who was pleaded guilty for the breach of oath, from assuming any future position in public service, which requires taking an oath.

On 9 December 1998, the Constitutional Court declared that article 105 of the criminal code of the Republic of Lithuania, which established the death penalty, violated several articles of the Constitution. This ruling was a big step in humanizing the punishment system.

Composition

The Court comprises nine justices, appointed by the Seimas, for a nine-year non-renewable term of office. Only Lithuanian citizens of an impeccable reputation, who are trained in law, and who have served for at least 10 years in the legal profession, or in an area of legal education are eligible for appointment. Usually, notable legal scholars and highly experienced judges qualify for the position. The court is renewed by a third every three years. The candidates are nominated by the Chairman of the Seimas, the President of Lithuania and the President of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Lithuania, the Seimas then decides on appointing them. The Seimas appoints the President of the Court from among the justices upon the nomination by the President of the state.

Members

Current members

Name	Date of birth	Hometown	President	Date appointed	Mandatory retirement year	Law School	Prior judicial office
		Švenčionys	Grybauskaitė			Vilnius University
Goethe University Frankfurt	Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania
Supreme Court of Lithuania
		Raseiniai	Grybauskaitė			Vilnius University
		Kelmė	Grybauskaitė			Vilnius University	Court of Appeal of Lithuania
Supreme Court of Lithuania
		Šilalė	Nausėda			Vilnius University
		Trakai	Nausėda			Vilnius University	Ignalina District Local Court
Vilnius Regional Court
Supreme Court of Lithuania
		Babrai	Nausėda			Vilnius University
Goethe University Frankfurt
		Vilnius	Nausėda	16 March 2023	2032	Vilnius
Aurelijus Gutauskas		Vilkaviškis	Nausėda	16 March 2023	2032	Mykolas Riomeris University
Stasys Šedbaras		Tūjainiai	Nausėda	16 March 2023	2029	Vilnius University

Historical composition

1993–1996

Juozas Žilys (President)
Algirdas Gailiūnas
Kęstutis Lapinskas
Zigmas Levickis
Vladas Pavilonis († 2003)
Pranas Vytautas Rasimavičius († 2002)
Teodora Staugaitienė
Stasys Stačiokas
Stasys Šedbaras 1996–1999
Juozas Žilys (President)
Egidijus Jarašiūnas
Kęstutis Lapinskas
Zigmas Levickis
Augustinas Normantas
Vladas Pavilonis (†2003)
Jonas Prapiestis
Pranas Vytautas Rasimavičius (†2002)
Teodora Staugaitienė 1999–2002
Vladas Pavilonis (President) (†2003)
Egidijus Jarašiūnas
Egidijus Kūris
Zigmas Levickis
Augustinas Normantas
Jonas Prapiestis
Vytautas Sinkevičius
Stasys Stačiokas
Teodora Staugaitienė 2002–2005
Egidijus Kūris (President)
Egidijus Jarašiūnas
Augustinas Normantas
Armanas Abramavičius
Kęstutis Lapinskas
Zenonas Namavičius
Jonas Prapiestis
Vytautas Sinkevičius
Stasys Stačiokas 2005-2008
Egidijus Kūris (President)
Vytautas Sinkevičius
Stasys Stačiokas
Kęstutis Lapinskas
Armanas Abramavičius
Zenonas Namavičius
Romualdas Kęstutis Urbaitis
Toma Birmontienė
Ramutė Ruškytė 2008-2011
Kęstutis Lapinskas (President)
Armanas Abramavičius
Zenonas Namavičius
Romualdas Kęstutis Urbaitis
Toma Birmontienė
Ramutė Ruškytė
Pranas Kuconis
Egidijus Šileikis
Algirdas Taminskas 2011-2014
Romualdas Kęstutis Urbaitis (President)
Toma Birmontienė
Ramutė Ruškytė
Pranas Kuconis
Egidijus Šileikis
Algirdas Taminskas
Dainius Žalimas
Egidijus Bieliūnas
Gediminas Mesonis 2014-2017
Dainius Žalimas (President)
Pranas Kuconis
Egidijus Šileikis
Algirdas Taminskas
Gediminas Mesonis
Elvyra Baltutytė
Vytas Milius
Vytautas Greičius
Danutė Jočienė 2017-2020
Dainius Žalimas (President)
Gediminas Mesonis
Elvyra Baltutytė
Vytas Milius
Vytautas Greičius
Danutė Jočienė
Gintaras Goda
Daiva Petrylaitė
Janina Stripeikienė 2020-2023
Danutė Jočienė (President)
Elvyra Baltutytė
Vytautas Greičius
Gintaras Goda
Daiva Petrylaitė
Janina Stripeikienė
Giedrė Lastauskienė
Algis Norkūnas
Vytautas Mizaras 2023-2026
Gintaras Goda (President)
Daiva Petrylaitė
Janina Stripeikienė
Giedrė Lastauskienė
Algis Norkūnas
Vytautas Mizaras
Tomas Davulis
Aurelijus Gutauskas
Stasys Šedbaras

References

"Appointment and status of Justices".
[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2004/04/dea1b82e-15e4-4651-a95e-b4e294eff047.html Lithuania: Paksas Becomes First European President To Be Removed From Office] Accessed January 8, 2007
[https://lrkt.lt/lt/teismo-aktai/paieska/135/ta385/content Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinio Teismo nutarimas dėl Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso 105 straipsnio sankcijoje numatytos mirties bausmės atitikimo Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijai] {{Webarchive. link. (10 August 2022 (Ruling of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania on the constitutionality of the death penalty provided in the sanction of article 105 of the criminal code of the Republic of Lithuania))
Constitutional Court (13 January 2020) [https://issuu.com/lrkt/docs/25_web-compressed_/12 25 Konstitucinio Teismo bylos, pakeitusios Lietuvą] (25 cases of the Constitutional Court that changed Lithuania), p. 11

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