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Comparison of 3D computer graphics software

None

3D computer graphics software refers to packages used to create 3D computer-generated imagery.

General information

Current software

This table compares elements of notable software that is currently available, based on the raw software, with no added plug-ins.

Application	Latest release date
and version	Developer	Platforms	Main uses	License
3ds Max	2024-10-16
v 2025.3	Autodesk	Windows	Modeling, animation (video games and films only), FX simulation, lighting, rendering
AC3D	2022-04-27
v 9.0	Inivis	Linux, macOS, Windows	Modeling
Alibre Design	2022-08-03
v 25	Alibre, LLC	Windows	Computer aided design
AutoCAD	2022-03-28
v 2023	Autodesk	macOS, Windows	2D computer aided design, 3D modeling, basic rendering, rudimentary animation (of camera, not objects)
Blender	2024-08-20
v 4.2.1	Blender Foundation	Windows, macOS, Linux, BSD, Solaris, AmigaOS 4, MorphOS	2D–3D cartoon animation, lighting, modeling, node based material creation, texturing, 3D texture painting, UV mapping, rendering (internal, external, 3D anaglyph and VR), 3D rigging and animation, sculpting, visual 3D effects, basic post-production video editing, motion tracking, Python scripting, fluid simulation, particles, physics, compositing
Carrara	2013-08-26
8.5.1.19	Daz 3D	Windows, macOS	Animation, modeling
Cheetah 3D	2021-02-20
v 7.5.1	Martin Wengenmayer	macOS	Animation, modeling, rendering
Cinema 4D	2022-04-20
S26	Maxon	macOS, Windows, Amiga OS	Animation, lighting, modeling, visual 3D effects, rendering, simulation
CityEngine	2018-09-18
v 2018.1	Esri	macOS, Windows, Linux	Procedural Modeling of 3D Cities
Cobalt	2020-02-04
v11	Ashlar-Vellum	macOS, Windows	Modeling, computer aided design, animation
DesignSpark Mechanical	2020-07-20
v5.0	SpaceClaim, RS Components	Windows	Modeling, computer aided design, rapid prototyping, 3D printing
Electric Image Animation System	2013-06
v9.1.0	EIAS3D	macOS, Windows	Animation, lighting, rendering, film, television, visual 3D effects
FreeCAD	2024-01-08
v 0.21.2	Jürgen Riegel, Werner Mayer, Yorik van Havre	macOS, Windows, unix, Linux	CAD, FEA with Calculix, Python scripting, parametric design, robot simulation, CAM, BIM, import and export
form-Z pro/jr/free	2020-02-?
9.0.2	Autodessys, Inc.	macOS, Windows	Animation, modeling, lighting, rendering, fabricating, set design
Hexagon	2018-02-16
2.5.2.109	Daz 3D	Windows, macOS	Subdivision modeling, UV mapping
HiCAD	2017-02-13
v HiCAD 2017	ISD Software und Systeme	Windows	2D/3D modeling, computer aided design, Automatic drawing generation, BIM, animation, HELiOS PDM integration, API scripting
Houdini	2024-05-31
v 20.5	Side Effects Software	Windows, macOS, Linux	Animation, lighting, modeling, visual 3D effects
iClone	2019-12-17
v 7.71.3626.1	Reallusion	Windows	Animation, film and television previz, videogame asset creation, lighting, visual 3D effects
Inventor	2021-01
v 2021.2.1	Autodesk	Windows	Modeling, computer aided design, rapid prototyping, 3D printing
LightWave 3D	2020-08-07
v 2020.0.2	LightWave Digital	macOS, Windows, Amiga OS	Modeling, animation, lighting, rendering, film and television previz, videogame asset creation
MASSIVE
v 3.5	Massive Software	Windows, Linux	Artificial intelligence in models
Maya	2024-08-13
v 2025.2	Autodesk	Windows, macOS, Linux	Modeling, NURBS modeling sculpting, rigging, skinning, retargeting, animation, lighting, rendering, Bifrost fluids, Python scripting, Bifrost ocean simulation system, UV mapping, MASH procedural effects, time and graph editor, Arnold renderer, color management polygon modeling, visual 3D effects
Metasequoia	2022-12-23
4.8.4b	tetraface Inc.	Windows, macOS	Modeling
Modo	2022-06-21
16v2	The Foundry	macOS, Windows, Linux	Modeling, animation, rendering
Mudbox	2022-04-18
2023	Autodesk	macOS, Windows, Linux	Lighting, sculpting (the deformation of the model)
OpenSCAD	2021-01-31
v 2021.01	Marius Kintel, Claire Wolf	macOS, Windows, Unix, Linux	CAD, scripting, parametric design, CSG
PTC Creo (former Pro/Engineer)	2020
v 7.0	PTC	Windows, HP-UX, Unix	Modeling, computer aided design
Remo 3D	2025-09-10
v 3.2.1	Remograph	Windows, Linux	Modeling, virtual reality, real-time modeling, video game creation, computer aided design
Rhinoceros 3D	2020-12-08
v 7	McNeel	Windows, macOS	Modeling, computer aided design, scripting with Grasshopper, many plug-in for simulation, CAM, BIM, rendering, and more
Salome	2020-12-01
v 9.6	Open Cascade EDF CEA	Windows, Unix, Linux	CAD, scripting, parametric design, CSG, meshing, pre-post for CAE
Shade 3D	2022-11-08
v 23.1		macOS, Windows	Modeling, computer aided design, rendering, animation
Silo	2022-11-03
v 2023.0	Nevercenter	macOS, Windows	Modeling
Tekla Structures	2024-09-13	Tekla	Windows	3D modeling, reporting, 2D drawings, 3D drawings, CAD, CAM, BIM
SketchUp Pro	url=http://help.sketchup.com/en/article/141303	title=Release Notes – SketchUp Knowledge Base	website=help.sketchup.com	access-date=2018-05-28}}
v 21.0.1 (Win64)	Trimble Navigation	macOS, Windows	Modeling, computer aided design
Solid Edge	2020-06-?
2021 ST13	Siemens Digital Industries Software	Windows	Computer aided design
SolidWorks	2022-07-11
v SolidWorks 2022 SP3.1	Dassault Systèmes	Windows	Computer aided design
SpaceClaim	2020-08-08
v 2020.R2	Ansys	Windows	Computer aided design
Verto Studio 3D	2021-02-12
v2.5.0	Michael L. Farrell	macOS, iOS	Mobile modeling, texture mapping, lighting
Wings 3D	2020-12-20
v 2.2.6	Dan Gudmundsson (maintainer)	macOS, Windows, BSD, Linux	Modeling, sculpting (the deformation of the model), UV mapping
ZBrush	2022-02-07
v 2022.0.5	Maxon	macOS, Windows	Modeling, texturing, lighting, sculpting (the deformation of the model), rendering

Inactive software

There are many discontinued software applications.

Application	Latest release date
and version	Developer	Platforms	Main uses	License
Bryce	2010-12-23
7.1.0.109	Daz 3D	Windows (32-bit), macOS (10.7 and above)	Animation, landscape modeling, fractal geometry
Clara.io	redesigned in 2015-03-31	Exocortex	Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Microsoft Internet Explorer	Modeling, animation, rendering
E-on Vue	2021-12-09
v 2021.2	E-on Software (part of Bentley Systems)	macOS, Windows	Animation, landscape modeling, lighting
POV-Ray	2013-11-09
v3.7.0	The POV-Team	macOS, Windows, Linux, AmigaOS	Lighting, visual 3D effects
SketchUp Make	2017-11-14
v 18.0.16975 (Win64)
v 18.0.16976 (Mac64)	Trimble Navigation	macOS, Windows	Modeling, computer aided design
Softimage	2014-04-14
"2015" (final release)	Autodesk	Windows, Linux	Modeling, animation, video game creation, lighting, rendering, visual 3D effects
solidThinking Evolve (predecessor of Altair Inspire Studio)	?-?
v 9.0	Altair Engineering	macOS, Windows	Modeling
trueSpace	2009-05-25
v 7.61	Caligari Corporation	Windows, AmigaOS	Animation, modeling
VistaPro	2005
v 4.2	Hypercube Engineering, Monkey Byte Development	Windows	Landscape modeling

Operating system support

The operating systems on which the editors can run natively (without emulation or compatibility layers), meaning which operating systems have which editors specifically coded for them (not, for example, Wings 3D for Windows running on Linux with Wine).

Name	Windows	macOS	Linux	Unix	BSD	iOS	Android	Other	3ds Max	AC3D	Art of Illusion	AutoCAD	Blender	Carrara	Cheetah 3D	Cinema 4D	Clara.io	DesignSpark Mechanical	Electric Image Animation System	form-Z	HiCAD	Houdini	IClone	LightWave 3D	MakeHuman	Massive	Maya	Metasequoia	Modo	POV-Ray	Remo 3D	Shade	Silo	SketchUp	Tekla Structures	Softimage	Solid Edge	solidWorks	solidThinking	SpaceClaim	trueSpace	Verto Studio 3D	E-on Vue	Wings 3D	ZBrush
							Java virtual machine
							Solaris]], and MorphOS
							Amiga OS
							ChromeOS
							LightWave 3D 5.0 and before supported AmigaOS.
			Maya 1.0 - 6.5 supported SGI Irix.
							Old versions supported Amiga OS, and Atari TOS
							Amiga OS}

Features

Modeling	3D Painting	Animation	Rendering	3D Tracking	Compositing	3ds Max
	?	?
	?				?
	?				?
	?				?
	?			?	?
	?				?
url=http://help.sketchup.com/en/content/sketchup-make-and-sketchup-pro	title=SketchUp Features	access-date=2016-05-18	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921135927/https://help.sketchup.com/en/content/sketchup-make-and-sketchup-pro	archive-date=2017-09-21	url-status=dead}}	?
	?
	?				?

I/O

Image, video, and audio files

Imports	Exports	EXR	DDS	KTX	others	EXR	DDS	KTX	others	3ds Max	Art of Illusion	AC3D	Blender	Electric Image Animation System	Cinema 4D	Clara.io	Cobalt	Houdini	IClone	Lightwave 3D	MakeHuman	Maya	Metasequoia	Modo	Remo 3D	Shade	Softimage	Solid Edge	SketchUp Make	SketchUp Pro	E-on Vue	Wings3D
			BMP, Cineon, TGA, JPG, PNG, Cineon, Radiance HDR, SGI, RLA, RPF, AVI, MPEG and QuickTime, GIF, TIFF, PSD, MOV, YUV
			GIF, JPG, PNG, BMP, HDR, SVG				JPG, PNG, BMP, TIFF, HDR, QuickTime
			GIF, JPG, PNG, BMP, PPM, Targa, TIFF				GIF, JPG, PNG, BMP, PPM, Targa, TIFF
			TGA, JPG, PNG, DPX, Cineon, Radiance HDR, Iris, SGI Movie, IFF, AVI and QuickTime, GIF, TIFF, PSD, MOV				TGA, JPG, PNG, DPX, Cineon, Radiance HDR, Iris, SGI Movie, IFF, AVI and QuickTime, GIF, TIFF, PSD, MOV
			TGA, JPG, PNG, BMP, Radiance HDR, AVI and QuickTime, TIFF, PSD, MOV				PNG, BMP, AVI and QuickTime GIF, TIFF, MOV
			Radiance HDR, BodyPaint 3D, TIFF, PSD				Radiance HDR, BodyPaint 3D, TIFF, PSD
			PNG, JPG
			BMP, GIF, JPEG, PICT, PNG, PPM, XBM, XPM				BMP, GIF, JPEG, PICT, PNG, PPM, XBM, XPM
			JPG, BMP, GIF, TGA, PNG, AVI, WMV, MP3, WAV, popVideo				JPG, BMP, GIF, TGA, PNG, WMV, AVI, MP4, popVideo, FLV, iWidget
			TGA, JPG, PNG, AI, EPS, BMP, IFF, Radiance HDR, AVI and QuickTime, GIF, TIFF, PSD, MOV				TGA, JPG, PNG, BMP, Radiance HDR, IFF, AVI and QuickTime, GIF, TIFF, PSD, MOV
			Ai, Aiff, Pix, AVI, Cineon, EPS, GIF, Jpeg, Swf, Maya IFF, Maya16 IFF, MacPaint, PSD, PNG, Quantel, Quickdraw, MOV, RLA, SVG, SGI, SGI16, SGI Movie, TGA, TIF, BMP, HDR				Maya IFF, AVI, QT, GIF, Softimage, RLA, BMP, TIF, SGI RGB, Alias PIX, Jpeg, EPS, Cineon, Quantel, TGA, Macpaint, PSD, PNG, Quickdraw
			BMP, JPG, PNG, IFF, TGA, PPM, TIFF, PSD, Radiance HDR
			TGA, BMP, FLX, GIF, HDR, HDR, JP2, JPG, JPEG, PNG, SGI, EPS, AI, PSD				TGA, BMP, FLX, GIF, HDR, JP2, JPG, JPEG, PNG, TIF, MOV, MWV, PSD
			BMP, GIF, JPG, PNG, PNM, SGI (RGB), TGA, TIF				JPG, PNG, SGI (RGB), TIF, XPM
							QuickTime VR, Piranesi EPix
			JPG, PNG, TIF, TGA, BMP				JPG, PNG, TIF, BMP
			JPG, PNG, TIF, TGA, BMP				JPG, PNG, TIF, BMP, MOV(on Mac), AVI (on Windows)

General 3D files

Exports	FBX	USDZ]], WebGL-related formats, etc...	Other formats
3DS, PRJ, AI, COLLADA, HTR, OBJ, SHP, SKP, TRC	VRML	3DS, AI, ASE, COLLADA, HTR, OBJ	M3G, VRML97
3DS, AC3D, COLLADA, Lightwave, Massive, Milkshape Ascii, OBJ, OFF, Pointfield, Points, Terragen, Triangle, Vector	VRML 1.0, glTF	3DS, 3D Studio ASE, AC3D, Dive, DVS, DXF, COLLADA, Lightwave, Massive, Milkshape Ascii, OBJ, Triangle	VRML 1.0, VRML 2.0, X3D
COLLADA, 3DS, PLY, OBJ, SVG	X3D, glTF	COLLADA, PLY, OBJ, SVG, PC2	X3D
3DS, OBJ, LWO, MDD		3DS, OBJ, LWO
OBJ, 3DS, QD3D, LWO/LWS	VRML 1, VRML 2	OBJ, 3DS, QD3D, W3D	VRML 1, VRML 2
OBJ, Collada, 3DS, LWO, GEO, PLY, SHP, XGL, ZGL, AC, BLEND, CSM, LWS	VRML, Three.js	OBJ, Collada	Three.js, Babylon.js
3DS, AI, ASCII Text	VRML	AI, ASCII Text, RAW Triangle	Shockwave 3D, VRML
OBJ, SKP (via 3DXChange)		OBJ (via 3DXChange)
3DS, COLLADA, OBJ, LWO, VideoScape	VRML, VRML97	3DS, COLLADA, OBJ, LWO	VRML, VRML97
		COLLADA, MHX, OBJ, STL
Maya Ascii, Maya Binary, MEL, OBJ	VRML2	Maya Ascii, Maya Binary, Mel, OBJ, GE2, RTG	VRML2
3DS, COB,Caligari TrueSpace 3D Object format LWO, OBJ, ROK (Rokkaku Daiō), SUF (DoGA CGA System)	glTF	3DS, PMD, OBJ, COLLADAMetasequoia 4.0.0 dropped its RDS (Ray Dream Studio), and SCE (SoftF/X Model) exporters and 4.7.0 dropped its COB (Caligari TrueSpace 3D Object), DoGA CGA System SUF, and AMF exporters.	Metasequoia 4.7.0 dropped the VRML 1.0 (WRL), and Three.js JMF exporters.
LXO, LWO2, LWOB, 3DS, GEO, OBJ, COLLADA		LXO, LWO, PLT, GEO, OBJ, COLLADA	X3D
3DC, 3DS, AC, Collada, OpenFlight, LWO, LWS, OBJ, P3D, PLY, STA, SHP	OSGOSG, OSGB, OSGT, OSGX, IVE and OSGA	3DS, AC, Collada, DOT, OpenFlight, OBJ, P3D, STL	OSG
OBJ, SketchUp, XML; (Pro) 3DS, COLLADA, LWO		COLLADA, DXF, OBJ, XML; (Pro) 3DS, LWO	VRML 2.0, Flash (SWF)
			PDF
SKP, 3DS		COLLADA, SKP
SKP, 3DS		COLLADA, SKP, EPS, EPX (removed v16+), 3DS, OBJ	PDF, VRML
3DS, AI, EPS, LWO, LXO, Nendo, OBJ, SVG, Wings3D		3DS, COLLADA, LWO, LXO, Nendo, OBJ, SVG, Wings3D	VRML 2.0

Game and renderer files

Imports	Exports	OpenFlight (FLT)	other 3D game files	3D renderer files	OpenFlight (FLT)	OGRE
	Quake III BSP, Quake II (MD2), Quake III Mesh (MD3), Irrlicht irrmesh, Renderware, SMF				DirectX X, Second Life Sculpted Prim, Quake II (MD2), Quake Map, SMF, Unreal Tournament	POV-Ray POV, RenderMan RIB
						POV-Ray POV
	DirectX X, Irrlicht irrmesh	POV-Ray POV			Quake II (MD2), Quake III Mesh (MD3), Doom 3 (MD5)
	Quake II (MD2)				Quake II (MD2)
					Doom 3 (MD5)
						Mental Ray MI, RenderMan RIB
	Metasequoia 4.0.0 dropped its PlayStation RSD importer and exporter.				DirectX X	RenderMan RIBMetasequoia 4.7.0 dropped its POV-Ray POV exporter.
	DirectX X, Quake II (MD2)
					DirectX X, Second Life Sculpted Prim, Blue Mars	RenderMan RIB
					dotXSI
?	?	?	?	?	?	?
					BZFlag, DirectX X, Renderware	Kerkythea, POV-Ray POV

Cache and animation files

Exports	Geometry Cache	LightWave MDD	Maya Particle Data (.pda, .pdb)
	Mesh Cache Modifier}}	BVH
			BVH
via FBX importer}}
			BVH
			BVH

CAD files

Imports	Exports	STL	DXF	DWG	others	DXF
			IGE, IGS, IGES, IPT, WIRE, IAM, LS, VW, LP, SAT, Catia V4/V5, JT, ProE, RVT, PRT, SolidWorks, STEP, WIRE			ATR, BLK, DF, IGS, LAY, LP, SAT, VW
			LDraw (Lego), SOF Airfoil			Inventor, LDraw (Lego)
	via AutoCAD DXF addon
			ACIS SAT, CATIA v4, CCAD, CGM, CO (native), Drawing board, Facet, Grid Surface, IGS (IGES), Parasolid XT, Pro/E, Rhino 3DM, Spline, STP (STEP)			ACIS SAT, CATIA v4, CGM, CO (native), Drawing board, Facet, Grid Surface, IGS (IGES), Parasolid XT, PDF, Pro/E, STP (STEP)
External}}			External}}
	Windows only}}	IGES, StudioTools Wire		Windows only}}	IGES, StudioTools Wire, Open Inventor2
			SolidWorksSLDPRT and SLDASM
			DW (Designer Workshop)
			IGES, STEP, JT, ACIS (SAT), ProE, SolidWorks, NX, SDRC, Microstation, Inventor, CATIA (V4/V5), Parasolid, XML, MDS			IGES, STEP, EMS, JT, XGL, XML, Parasolid, CATIA (V4/V5), ACIS (SAT), Microstation

Point clouds and photogrammetry files

Imports	ASTM E57	LASer (LAS)	Leica Cyclone PTS/PTX/PTG	Autodesk ReCap RCS/RCP	VisualSFM NVM	3ds Max	Blender	Houdini
Lidar Import geometry node}}

GIS and DEM files

Imports	Exports	USGS DEM	USGS SDTS (DDF)	GeoTIFF	Shapefile	OSM	3ds Max	AC3D
			(Blender GIS addon)}}
					VistaPro DEM	USDS DEM
					VistaPro DEM
				via Game Development Toolset
url=http://help.sketchup.com/en/article/3000153	title=Using SketchUp Data with Other Modeling Programs or Tools SketchUp Knowledge Base	website=help.sketchup.com	access-date=2016-05-18}}				SKP+KMZ	SKP+KMZ
					SKP+KMZ	SKP+KMZ
					DTED

Supported primitives

Application	Polygon	Spline/Bézier Surface	Voxel, Volume	Metaball	Point Clouds	Particles		NURBS regular patch	NURBS trimmed surface	Bicubic Bézier patch	Blender	Maya	3ds Max	Cinema 4D	LightWave	Rhinoceros	Shade 3D
				(LWCAD plugin)}}
				CAD mode}}

Application	Curves	Bone	Text	Camera	Light	Speaker	Linear				Hermite spline	TCB spline		NURBS	Blender	Maya	3ds Max	Cinema 4D	LightWave	Shade 3D

Modeling

Application	Hard surface Modeling	Sculpt Modeling	Non-destructive Modeling	Patch Modeling	Polygon Modeling	Subdivision Modeling	Base-mesh Creation	Sketch Modeling	Sculpting	Cloth Sculpting	Automatic Retopology	Boolean	Procedural	Single Patch	Multi-Patch	Maya	3ds Max	Blender	ZBrush	Curvy 3D

Lookdev, Shader writing

Application	PBR viewport	Viewport effects	Interactive GI Rendering	Integrated Compositing	Text editor for shader writing	Material Nodes	Turntable Rendering	Maya	3ds Max	MODO	Blender	Gaffer	Marmoset Toolbag	Substance Designer
Eevee (2.80 and later)}}

Lighting

va=middle	Application}}	va=middle	Alembic
Importer}}	va=middle	USD
Importer}}	va=middle	Rendering
Engine}}	va=middle	Volume
Rendering
for clouds}}	va=middle	Interactive
Rendering}}	va=middle	Isolating
light contribution}}	va=middle	Light
Lister}}	va=middle	IES
Light}}	va=middle	Physical
Sun & Sky}}	va=middle	Sun Positioning
by location and times}}	va=middle	Light Portal}}	va=middle	Shadow Catcher}}	IBL and Environment texture	va=middle	Highlight
Placement}}	va=middle	Light Mixer}}	sIBL	Maya	Maya Hardware 2.0	Maya Software	Arnold	3ds Max	Quicksilver	Scanline	ART	Arnold	Blender	Workbench	EEVEE	Cycles	MODO	MODO Renderer, mPath	LightWave	LightWave Renderer	Houdini	Mantra (PT), Karma	Cinema 4D	CineRender	Redshift CPU
rowspan=3	USD Extension for Maya}}				Light Editor}}									(Place Highlight Tool for Maya)}}
rowspan=4	(USD for Autodesk 3ds Max)}}				Light Lister}}									Place Highlight}}
2.78 and later}}	3.0 and later}}			View Layers}}	Property Chart Addon, Gaffer addon}}			Sun Position addon}}						Look At Gizmo (with Ctrl key)}}
							Directional Light}}
												original loader script, where most sIBL features were invented
rowspan=2	R23 and later}}													Lighting tool}}

Path-tracing rendering

Application	CPU rendering	GPU rendering	OpenCL	NVIDIA CUDA, OptiX	AMD HIP	SYCL, Intel DPC++	Apple Metal	Texture streaming (out-of-core)	V-Ray	RenderMan	Arnold	Redshift	Modo mPath	Houdini Karma	Blender Cycles
	V-Ray GPU (former V-Ray RT)}}

Application	MIPMAP
generation	Adaptive tessellation	Instancing	Camera culling	Deep pixel rendering	Fisheye stereo
for fulldome	Omnidirectional stereo
for HMD	Deforming motion blur	V-Ray	RenderMan	Arnold	Houdini Karma	Blender Cycles

Level of detail (LoD) generation, baking

Application	LoD generation	Texture baking	Automatic	Normal Map	Ambient Occlusion (AO) Map	Light Map	Tangent Space Normal Map	Non-directional
(Traditional)	Directional	Maya (Turtle renderer)	Enlighten	Blender

References

de:3D-Grafik-Software fr:Logiciel de modélisation 3D ja:3DCGソフトウェア ro:Programe de grafică 3D fi:Luettelo 3D-grafiikkaohjelmista zh:三维计算机图形软件

References

"4.2 LTS".
"Index of /blender/release/Blender4.2".
[http://www.blender.org/about/license/ License - blender.org]
[[Cinema 4D]]
"Release FreeCAD 0.21.2 · FreeCAD/FreeCAD".
[[LightWave 3D]]
"Release Notes – SketchUp Knowledge Base".
[https://help.sketchup.com/en/sketchup-web/getting-started-sketchup-web Getting Started with SketchUp for Web]. Trimble
[http://www.cgchannel.com/2012/11/eias3d-releases-eias-9/ EIAS3D releases EIAS 9] CG Channel November 6, 2012
"SketchUp Features".
[http://help.sketchup.com/en/article/3000080 SketchUp User Guide: Creating a 3D Model]
[http://www.artofillusion.org/docs/AoI%20Manual/textures.html 7. Textures]
[http://exocortex.com/blog/clara_one_year_milestone Clara.io: 65,000 Users, New Features and Premium Subscriptions.] Exocortex. August 11, 2014
[http://www.inivis.com/features.html AC3D Features Summary]
[http://www.inivis.com/ac3d83.html AC3D 8.3]
"Importing & Exporting Files". Blender Foundation.
[https://www.metaseq.net/en/editions.html Compare editions]. tetraface
[https://www.metaseq.net/jp/release_note.html バージョンアップ履歴] {{LL. ja. tetraface
[https://docs.blender.org/manual/en/latest/modeling/modifiers/modify/mesh_cache.html Mesh Cache Modifier]. Blender Foundation
[https://docs.lightwave3d.com/lw2020/new-to-2020/openvdb-new-tools/partio-node Partio Node]. NewTek
[https://www.sidefx.com/docs/houdini/io/formats/geometry_formats.html Geometry file formats]. Side Effects
[https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/maya/learn-explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2019/ENU/Maya-ManagingScenes/files/GUID-69BC066D-D4D8-4B12-900C-CF42E798A5D6-htm.html Supported data import formats]. Autodesk.
[https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/maya/learn-explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2019/ENU/Maya-ManagingScenes/files/GUID-864BD203-C437-4481-8BFC-3A6C1D2C824C-htm.html Supported data export formats]. Autodesk.
[https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/3ds-max/learn-explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2017/ENU/3DSMax/files/GUID-1520AE4F-8B0D-44FD-B471-36606780DC51-htm.html Importing LandXML/DEM Models]. Autodesk
[https://www.sidefx.com/tutorials/game-development-toolset-overview/ Game Development Toolset]. Side Effects
"Using SketchUp Data with Other Modeling Programs or Tools {{!}} SketchUp Knowledge Base".
[http://www.cgchannel.com/2015/07/e-on-ships-vue-infinite-2015-and-vue-xstream-2015/ E-on ships Vue Infinite 2015 and Vue xStream 2015]. CG Channel. July 2, 2015.
[https://docs.lightwave3d.com/lw2019/reference/layout/object-properties/primitive-type/primitive-type-openvdb Primitive Type - OpenVDB]. NewTek
[https://support.maxon.net/kb/faq.php?id=108 R23 - Removed features (Virtual Walkthrough, ProRender, Sound System)] MAXON
[http://download.autodesk.com/us/maya/2011help/files/Animation_Basics_Create_a_turntable_animation.htm Create a turntable animation] Autodesk
[https://www.fxguide.com/quicktakes/3ds-max-integrates-osl-gdc-day-1/ 3ds Max integrates OSL: GDC Day 1], fxguide, March 21, 2018
[http://modo.docs.thefoundry.co.uk/modo/601/help/pages/shaderendering/RenderCommands.html Render Commands], Foundry
[https://www.marmoset.co/posts/getting-started-with-toolbag-2/ Getting Started with Toolbag 2], Marmoset LLC, December 1, 2015
[http://lesterbanks.com/2013/04/auto-hdri-light-gen-for-maya-creates-practical-lighting-setups-from-hdr-images/ Auto HDRI Light Gen for Maya Creates Practical Lighting Setups from HDR Images], Lesterbanks, April 30, 2013
[http://help.autodesk.com/view/MAYAUL/2018/ENU/?guid=GUID-2CCFF304-FB52-47FE-BBCB-21D68C455929 Viewport 2.0 limitations] Autodesk
Kelly L. Murdock's Autodesk 3ds Max 2016 Complete Reference Guide, P.685, Kelly Murdock, 2015
[https://docs.arnoldrenderer.com/display/A5AF3DSUG/Light+Group Light Groups] Solid Angle
[http://help.autodesk.com/cloudhelp/2017/ENU/3DSMax/files/GUID-53783CF5-7EBF-4E8C-ACC2-BCA5CD9AD8EB.htm Sun Positioner and Physical Sky] Autodesk
The composition of the passes is required.
[https://www.blendernation.com/2019/06/03/blender-2-8-eevee-tutorial-shadow-catcher/ Blender 2.8 Eevee Tutorial Shadow Catcher]. BlenderNation. June 3, 2019
[https://lists.blender.org/pipermail/bf-blender-cvs/2018-May/108927.html Bf-blender-cvs - 48155c210a3 - master: Cycles: Add Support for IES files as textures for light strength], Blender Foundation, May 27, 2018
[https://help.thefoundry.co.uk/modo/902/content/help/pages/shading_lighting/shader_items/shader.html Shader] The Foundry
[https://help.thefoundry.co.uk/modo/902/content/help/pages/shading_lighting/lights/directional_light.html Directional Light] The Foundry
"Software".
[http://on-demand.gputechconf.com/gtc/2016/presentation/s6345-taskov-blagovest-advances-in-v-ray.pdf Advancements in V-Ray RT GPU], p.15
[https://www.fxguide.com/fxfeatured/pixar-renderman-lookdev-and-xpu/ Pixar RenderMan LookDev and XPU]. fxguide. September 14, 2021.
[https://lists.blender.org/pipermail/bf-blender-cvs/2018-January/103260.html Bf-blender-cvs - c621832d3d3 - master: Cycles: CUDA support for rendering scenes that don't fit on GPU.], Blender Foundation, January 3, 2018
[https://rmanwiki.pixar.com/display/REN/Features Features] {{Webarchive. link. (2016-12-24, Pixar)
[https://support.solidangle.com/display/AFMUG/Subdivision+Settings Subdivision Settings], Solid Angle
[https://www.sidefx.com/faq/karma/ Karma Renderer FAQs]

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