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Communist Party of Byelorussia

FieldValue
nameCommunist Party of
Byelorussia
native_nameКамуністычная партыя Беларусі
logoEmblem of the Byelorussian SSR (1981-1991).svg
colorcode
founded30–31 December 1917
dissolved25 April 1993
ideologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
positionFar-left
nationalCommunist Party of the Soviet Union
internationalComintern (until 1943) Cominform (until 1956)
splitBelarusian Socialist Assembly
successorParty of Belarusian Communists
sloganWorkers of the world, unite!
anthemThe Internationale
[[File:Internasionale untuk kegiatan resmi.wav]]
Anthem of Byelorussian SSR
flagFlag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1991).svg
coloursRed
countryBelarus

Byelorussia Marxism–Leninism Anthem of Byelorussian SSR

The Communist Party of Byelorussia (CPB; ; ) was the ruling communist party of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, a constituent republic of the Soviet Union from 1922, that existed from 1917 to 1993.

History

The party was founded in 1917 as the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Byelorussia () following the Russian Revolution of 1917 as part of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks) led by Vladimir Lenin on December 30–31, 1918 with 17,800 members. It was important in creating the Byelorussian Soviet Republic in January 1919. From February 1919 until 1920 it functioned as a single organisation together with the Communist Party of Lithuania, known as the Communist Party (bolsheviks) of Lithuania and Belorussia. It was renamed to the Communist Party of Byelorussia in 1952.

The CPB was a communist party, organized on democratic centralism. This principle, introduced by Lenin, entails democratic and open discussion of policy issues within the party, followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies. The highest body within the CPB was the Party Congress, which convened every five years. When Congress was not in session, the Central Committee was the highest body. Because the Central Committee met twice a year, most day-to-day duties and responsibilities were vested in the Politburo, (previously the Presidium), the Secretariat. The party leader was the head of government and held the office of either General Secretary, Premier or head of state, or two of the three offices concurrently, but never all three at the same time. The party leader was the de facto chairman of the CPB Politburo and chief executive of the Republic. Ideologically, the CPB embraced Marxism–Leninism, a fusion of the original ideas of German philosopher and economic theorist Karl Marx, and Lenin, became formalized by Joseph Stalin as the party's guiding ideology and would remain so throughout the rest of its existence.

With debate raging regarding Belarusian independence, Byelorussian representatives in Petrograd were far more willing to accept Joseph Stalin's plans for establishing an autonomous Byelorussian Authority. Byelorussian Communist Party First Secretary Alexander Miasnikian, however, initially having held control of Minsk, was seemingly unwilling to share collective influence regarding the future affairs of Byelorussia. This internal conflict resulted in Byelorussian nationalist leadership attempting to establish power by calling the All-Byelorussian National Congress, in which 1872 delegates were gathered to discuss the future of the nation. While contingents of the organization voted in the Rada, a council of representatives for Byelorussia, the Communist Party played an active role in suppressing the Rada, causing them to go underground.

The 1930s saw the Communist Party of Byelorussia targeted most heavily by Stalin's purges. The vast majority of high-profile figures were arrested and removed, while an additional 40% of all members were also removed (Marples 1999, 8-9) Having taken place during Stalin's infamous purges, much of the socially and culturally significant gains that the occurred—such as the return of exiled individuals, a resurrection of language, among other cultural developments that had begun in the 1920s—had become halted, affecting Byelorussian culture and society for some significant time. 1937 especially saw the highest rate of purges throughout the Party, but arrests and removals of key figures continued well into the 1940s. These formative years tended to halt specific social developments pushed by the Communist Party, hindering much for the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

July 28, 1990, from Art. 6 of the Constitution of the Byelorussian SSR, the provision on the monopoly of the Communist Party of Byelorussia on power was excluded.

From August 25, 1991, to February 3, 1993, the activities of the Communist Party of Belarus were suspended.

On April 25, 1993, at the XXXII (extraordinary) congress of the Communist Party of Belarus, it was decided to join the party in the Party of Communists of Belarus (PCB).

First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Byelorussia

No.PictureName
(Birth–Death)Took officeLeft officePolitical partyFirst Secretary of the Central CommitteeCommunist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"1Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"2Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"3Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"4Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"5Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"7Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"8Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"9Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"10Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"11Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"12Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"13Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"14Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"15Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"16Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"17Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"18Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"19Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"20Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"21Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"22Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"23Communist Party of the Soviet Union}}; color:white;"24
[[File:Myasnikyan.jpg105x105px]]**Alexander Miasnikian**
(1886–1925)19181919CPB
[[File:Vincas Mickevicius-Kapsukas around 1918-1919.jpg105x105px]]**Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas**
(1880–1935)19191919CPB
[[File:Emblem of the Byelorussian SSR (1919-1927).svg105x105px]]**Yefim Genkin**
(1880–1935)11 November 19201920CPB
[[File:Vilhelms Vilis Knoriņš.jpg105x105px]]**Vilhelm Knorin**
(1890–1939)25 November 1920May 1922CPB/CPSU
[[File:Vaclav boguckiy kompartiya.jpg105x105px]]**Waclaw Bogucki**
(1890–1939)May 19224 February 1924CPB/CPSU
[[File:Asatkin an.jpg105x105px]]**Aleksandr Osatkin-Vladimirsky**
(1885–1937)4 February 192414 May 1924CPB/CPSU
[[File:Aleksandr Ivanovich Krinitsky.jpg105x105px]]**Alexander Krinitsky**
(1894–1937)September 19247 May 1927CPB/CPSU
[[File:Vilhelms Vilis Knoriņš.jpg105x105px]]**Vilhelm Knorin**
(1890–1939)7 May 19274 December 1928CPB/CPSU
[[File:Ян Барысавіч Гамарнік, 1928 год.jpg105x105px]]**Yan Gamarnik**
(1894–1937)4 December 19283 January 1930CPB/CPSU
[[File:К. В. Гей.jpg105x105px]]**Konstantin Gey**
(1896–1939)3 January 193018 January 1932CPB/CPSU
[[File:Гикало, Николай Фёдорович.jpg105x105px]]**Nikolay Gikalo**
(1897–1938)18 January 193218 March 1937CPB/CPSU
[[File:Sharangovich.jpg105x105px]]Vasily Sharangovich
(1897–1938)18 March 193717 July 1937CPB/CPSU
[[File:Yakov Yakovlev. People's Commissar for Agriculture. USSR 1929.jpg105x105px]]**Yakov Yakovlev**
(1896–1938)27 July 19378 August 1937CPB/CPSU
[[File:Volkov AA.jpg105x105px]]**Aleksei Volkov**
(1890–1942)11 August 193718 June 1938CPB/CPSU
[[File:Anefo_910-7476_Ponomanrenko,.jpg105x105px]]**Panteleimon Ponomarenko**
(1902–1984)18 June 19387 March 1947CPB/CPSU
[[File:Emblem of the Byelorussian SSR (1938-1949).svg105x105px]]**Nikolai Gusarov**
(1905–1985)7 March 194731 May 1950CPB/CPSU
[[File:Nikolai Patolichev.jpg105x105px]]**Nikolai Patolichev**
(1908–1989)31 May 195028 July 1956CPB/CPSU
[[File:Kirill Mazurov.jpg105x105px]]**Kirill Mazurov**
(1914–1989)28 July 195630 March 1965CPB/CPSU
[[File:Masherov.jpg105x105px]]**Pyotr Masherov**
(1918–1980)30 March 19654 September 1980CPB/CPSU
**Tikhon Kiselyov**
(1917–1983)15 October 198011 January 1983CPB/CPSU
[[File:Emblem of the Byelorussian SSR (1981-1991).svg105x105px]]**Nikolay Slyunkov**
(1929–2022)13 January 19836 February 1987CPB/CPSU
**Yefrem Sokolov**
(1926–2022)6 February 198730 November 1990CPB/CPSU
**Anatoly Malofeyev**
(1933–2022)30 November 199025 April 1993CPB/CPSU

References

References

  1. [http://www.marxists.org/glossary/orgs/c/o.htm Glossary of Organisations: Co]
  2. {{usurped
  3. [http://www.knowbysight.info/1_BELOR/14790.asp Коммунистическая партия Белоруссии]
  4. SUKIENNICKI, WIKTOR. (1965). "Stalin and Byelorussia's "Independence"". The Polish Review.
  5. Dakin, Mary I.. (December 1999). "David R. Marples, Belarus: A Denationalized Nation. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1999, xv, 139 pp. + chronology, bibliography, index.". Nationalities Papers.
  6. [http://pravo.kulichki.com/zak/year1990/doc48308.htm Закон Белорусской ССР от 28 июля 1990 г. №212-XII "Об изменениях и дополнениях Конституции (Основного Закона Белорусской ССР)"]
  7. [https://belzakon.net/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%91/1994/96685 Постановление Верховного Совета Белорусской ССР от 25 августа 1991 г. № 1016-XII от 25 августа 1991 года "О временном приостановлении деятельности КПБ—КПСС на территории Белорусской ССР"]
  8. [http://pravo.kulichki.com/zak/year1993/doc45192.htm Постановление Верховного Совета Республики Беларусь от 3 февраля 1993 г. № 2161-XII "О признании утратившим силу Постановления Верховного Совета Республики Беларусь "О временном приостановлении деятельности КПБ - КПСС на территории Республики Беларусь"]
  9. [http://kpb.su/ Коммунистическая партия Белоруссии (КПБ)]
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political-parties-of-the-russian-revolution political-parties-established-in-1918 political-parties-disestablished-in-1993 defunct-political-parties-in-belarus parties-of-one-party-systems comintern-sections communist-parties-in-belarus branches-of-the-communist-party-of-the-soviet-union 1918-establishments-in-belarus 1993-disestablishments-in-belarus communist-parties-in-the-soviet-union political-parties-in-the-byelorussian-soviet-socialist-republic
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