Combined Task Force 151

History

The CTF 151 was established on 12 January 2009 as a response to piracy attacks in Somalia, "with a specific piracy mission-based mandate under the authority of UNSCRs 1816, 1838, 1846, 1851 and 1897". The CTF 150 mainly dealt with maritime security and counter terrorism. Piracy was considered more of a law enforcement mission. Their mandate has been "based upon the range of counter-piracy UNSCRs". The pirates forced the ship's crew to the south, to a coastal area that was not as receptive. Admiral Mcknight had a conversation with Jatin Dua and the Navy SEALS rescued two hostages who were being held in an inland camp. The SEALS killed about nine pirates.

In January 2012, six Somali pirates launched an attack on the bulk cargo ship the MV Sunshine about one hundred miles off the coast of Oman. This was referred to as a by-the-book approach; The pirates used AK-47s, a rocket propelled grenade launcher, a grappling hook and attempted to affix a ladder onto the boat. The pirates threw their weapons overboard so the boarding team could not arrest them. They gave the pirates food and water, finally turning them loose. The Somalis did not realize that a helicopter from the USS Mobile Bay was keeping track of their movements. The pirates headed back to the Iranian dhow. The USS Kidd was able to track the Al Mulahi and noticed some Middle Easterners were aboard. The New York Times reported a standoff, afterwards the Somalis were still hidden and the Iranian captain spoke with the Americans.

Formation

Between 2002 and 2004, a first naval coalition in charge of fighting terrorism in the area was dubbed Task Force 151.

On 8 January 2009, at the United States Fifth Fleet headquarters in Manama, Bahrain, Vice Admiral William E. Gortney, USN, announced the formation of CTF-151 to combat the piracy threat off Somalia, with Rear Admiral Terence E. McKnight in command. The was designated as the first flagship of Combined Task Force 151, serving as an afloat forward staging base (AFSB) for the following force elements:

• Fourteen-member U.S. Navy visit, board, search and seizure (VBSS) team.
• United States Coast Guard Deployable Operations Group, comprising around two dozen Maritime Safety and Security Team (MSST) 91104 members and one of the eight-member Law Enforcement Detachments (LEDETs): Law Enforcement Detachment 405.
• Scout Sniper Platoon, 2nd Battalion, 6th Marine Regiment, 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit cross-decked from the .
• 3rd Platoon (Golf Company, 26th MEU), a military police detachment, and intelligence personnel.
• Fleet Surgical Team 8 with level-two surgical capability to deal with trauma, surgical, critical care and medical evacuation needs.
• Approximately 75 Marines with six AH-1 SuperCobra (AH-1Ws) and two UH-1N Huey helicopters from Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 264 (HMM-264) of the 26th MEU cross-decked from the USS Iwo Jima.
• Three HH-60H helicopters from Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron 3 (HS-3) cross-decked from the .

Initially, CTF-151 consisted of the San Antonio, , and , with additional warships expected to join this force.{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=aXR8.j52hcpo&refer=uk

On 5 April 2009, United States Rear Admiral Michelle J. Howard, assumed command of CTF-151 and Expeditionary Strike Group 2. On 29 May, the Australian Government pledged its support, re-tasking the frigate from duties in the Persian Gulf to the task force, as well as Lockheed P-3 Orion maritime patrol aircraft.

Task measures

The measures carried out by the task force include: Upholding an active 24-hour lookout, the removal of access ladders, reporting apprehensive actions to proper authorities, the use of deck lighting, razor wire, netting, fire hoses, electrical fencing, and surveillance and detection equipment, defending the lowest points of access, engaging in evasive maneuvering and speed through pirate attacks, and joining group transits.

The CMF established the Maritime Security Patrol Area (MSPA) in the Gulf of Aden in August 2008 to provision international efforts to battle piracy. The coalition efforts involved CTF-150 assets patrolling the area with aircraft and ships. However, the charter for CTF-150, which was established at the beginning of Operation Enduring Freedom, was for the conduct of Maritime Security Operations in the Gulf of Oman, Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Such operations included the deterrence of threatening activities, such as weapons trafficking and drug smuggling.

Rescue of Captain Richard Phillips

In 2009, there was a pirate attack on the Maersk Alabama. The rescue personnel included SEAL Team Six. On 7 April 2009 there was an advisory issued by the U.S. Maritime Administration stating that ships stay six hundred miles off the coast of Somalia due to an increase of piracy. The Somali pirates mainly targeted the Gulf of Aden because most vessels traveling towards the Suez Canal were there. However, with CTF 151, the Chinese, Russians, and Operation Atalanta all concentrated in that area, pirates were compelled to look elsewhere. On 1 April 2009 the Maersk Alabama headed toward the Gulf of Aden. Captain Phillips was unaware of the pirates on the way . Captain Phillips and his crew were eventually surrounded by three pirate skiffs with their mother ship in pursuit, eight miles behind. Phillips eventually hit the silent alarm button that signaled a search and rescue team to come. At one point it was reported that there was a standoff between the ship's crew and the pirates. They eventually called for a prisoner exchange and Phillips was among the first to be released onto a lifeboat.

Success

Vice Admiral Bill Gortney stated that because of proactive measures taken by certain merchant mariners, the piracy events in the region have been reduced. He also cautioned that the "efforts of coalition and international navies won't solve the problem of piracy."

List of Commanders

• Canada Commodore Roger Girouard, RCN as Task Force 151
• USA Rear Admiral Terence E. McKnight, USN
• USA Rear Admiral Michelle Howard, USN
• USA Rear Admiral Scott Eugene Sanders, USN
• Turkey Rear Admiral Caner Bener, TN
• Singapore Rear Admiral Bernard Miranda, RSN
• South Korea Rear Admiral Lee Beom-rim, ROKN
• Turkey Rear Admiral Sinan Ertuğrul, TN
• Pakistan Commodore Abdul Aleem, PN
• Singapore Rear Admiral Harris Chan Weng Yip, RSN
• NZ Captain Jim Gilmour, RNZN
• Pakistan Rear Admiral Kaleem Shaukat, PN
• Denmark Commodore Aage Buur Jensen, Danish Navy
• Thailand Rear Admiral Tanin Likitawong, RTN
• South Korea Rear Admiral Anho Chung, ROKN
• Turkey Rear Admiral Oguz Karaman, TN
• Pakistan Commodore Muhammad Hisham, PN
• Singapore Rear Admiral Giam Hock Koon, RSN
• Pakistan Commodore Muhammad Ihsan Qadir, PN
• UK Commodore Jeremy Blunden LVO, RN
• Denmark Commodore Aage Buur Jensen, Danish Navy 2nd Term
• Pakistan Commodore Ali Abbas SI(M), PN
• South Korea Rear Admiral Cho Young Joo, ROKN
• New Zealand Commodore Tony Millar, MNZM, RNZN
• Thailand Rear Admiral Pakorn Wanich, RTN
• Pakistan Commodore Asif Hameed Siddiqui, PN
• Japan Rear Admiral Hiroshi Ito, JMSDF
• Turkey Captain Ayhan Bay, TN
• Pakistan Rear Admiral Zahid Ilyas, PN
• Singapore Rear Admiral Cheong Kwok Chien, RSN
• South Korea Rear Admiral Nam Dong Woo, ROKN
• Pakistan Commodore Muhammad Shuaib SI (M), Pakistan Navy
• Japan Rear Admiral Tatsuya Fukuda, JMSDF
• Turkey Rear Admiral Emre Sezenler, TN
• Bahrain Commodore Yusuf Almannaei, RBNF
• Japan Rear Admiral Daisuke Kajimoto, JMSDF
• Singapore Rear Admiral Saw Shi Tat, RSN
• Kuwait Captain Ali Al Rashidi, Kuwait Naval Force
• Kuwait Captain Alajmi, Kuwait Naval Force
• South Korea Rear Admiral Byeong-Ju Yu, ROKN
• Kuwait Captain Khaled Hasan Al Kandari, Kuwait Naval Force
• Japan Rear Admiral Yoshiyasu Ishimaki, JMSDF
• Turkey Rear Admiral Nejat Inanir, TN
• Pakistan Commodore Abdul Munib, Pakistan Navy
• Brazil Rear Admiral André Luiz Andrade Felix, Brazilian Navy
• Kuwait
• Pakistan Commodore Ahmed Hussain, Pakistan Navy
• Brazil
• South Korea Rear Admiral Ko Seung-bum, ROKN
• PHL Capt. Mateo G. Carido, Philippine Navy
• Brazil Rear Admiral Antonio Braz de Souza, Brazilian Navy
• Turkey Rear Admiral Rüştü Sezer, TN
• Pakistan Commodore Sohail Ahmed Azmie, Pakistan Navy (Current)

Command history

The Task Force has been headed by different countries participating.

References

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