Surf Wiki
Save to docs
general/cerebrum

From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Cerebral peduncle

Stalks between cerebrum and brainstem

Stalks between cerebrum and brainstem

FieldValue
NameCerebral peduncle
Latinpedunculus cerebri
ImageGray689.png
CaptionSuperficial dissection of brain-stem. Ventral view. ("cerebral peduncle" visible in red at center-right)
Image2cn3nucleus-en.svg
Caption2Obtuse section (perpendicular to the brainstem) through superior colliculus showing path of oculomotor nerve (crus cerebri labeled at lower left).

The cerebral peduncles (In Latin, ped- means 'foot'.) are the two stalks that attach the cerebrum to the brainstem. They are structures at the front of the midbrain which arise from the ventral pons and contain the large ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts that run to and from the cerebrum from the pons. Mainly, the three common areas that give rise to the cerebral peduncles are the cerebral cortex, the spinal cord and the cerebellum. The region includes the tegmentum, crus cerebri and pretectum. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known as the basis pedunculi, while the large ventral bundle of efferent fibers is referred to as the cerebral crus (crus means ‘leg’ in Latin.) or the pes pedunculi (pes means 'foot' in Latin.).

The cerebral peduncles are located on either side of the midbrain and are the frontmost part of the midbrain, and act as the connectors between the rest of the midbrain and the thalamic nuclei and thus the cerebrum. As a whole, the cerebral peduncles assist in refining motor movements, learning new motor skills, and converting proprioceptive information into balance and posture maintenance. Important fiber tracts that run through the cerebral peduncles are the corticospinal, corticopontine, and corticobulbar tracts. Damage to the cerebral peduncles results in unrefined motor skills, imbalance, and lack of proprioception.

Structure

The descending upper fibers from the internal capsule continue on through the midbrain and are then seen as the fibers in the cerebral peduncles. The corticopontine fibers are found in the outer and inner third of the cerebral peduncle, these are the cortical input to the pontine nuclei. The corticobulbar and corticospinal fibers are found in the middle third of the cerebral peduncle. The corticospinal tract exits the internal capsule and is seen in the mid portion of the cerebral peduncles.

Cranial nerves

Cranial nerve III (oculomotor nerve) appears ventrally between the two cerebral peduncles in the interpeduncular fossa. Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve) wraps around the lowest part of the cerebral peduncle.

Additional images

File:Gray677.png|Scheme showing the connections of several parts of the brain File:Gray684.png|Deep dissection of brain-stem (lateral view) File:Gray705.png|Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum File:Gray720.png|Median sagittal section of brain File:Gray773.png|The left optic nerve and the optic tracts File:Gray792.png|Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ File:Human brainstem anterior view 2 description.JPG|Human brainstem anterior view

References

References

  1. (2012). "Human anatomy". McGraw-Hill.
  2. Saladin, Kenneth. (2010). "Anatomy & Physiology The Unity of Form and Function". McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc..
  3. "Review of Clinical and Functional Neuroscience". Swenson 2006.
  4. "Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy". CRC Press LLC.
  5. "Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy". CRC Press LLC.
  6. "Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy". CRC Press LLC.
  7. "Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy". CRC Press LLC.
  8. "Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy". CRC Press LLC.
Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

cerebrum central-nervous-system-pathways
Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Cerebral peduncle — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report