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Carbon dioxide (data page)

Chemical data page

Chemical data page

and save the page -- This page provides supplementary chemical data on carbon dioxide.

Material Safety Data Sheet ==

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. MSDS for solid carbon dioxide is available from Pacific Dry Ice, inc.

Structure and properties ==

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, *n*D
Dielectric constant, εr
Average energy per C=O bond
Bond length
Bond angle
Magnetic susceptibility
Surface tension
Viscosity of liquid
at equilibrium pressure

Thermodynamic properties ==

Phase behaviorSolid propertiesLiquid propertiesGas properties
Triple point216.58 K, 518.5 kPa
Critical point304.18 K, 7.38 MPa
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, Δfus*H*ourl=http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp?GasID=26title=Gas Encyclopaediapublisher=Air Liquideaccessdate=1 June 2007archive-date=23 November 2016archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123090821/http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp?GasID=26url-status=dead}}
Entropy change
of fusion, Δfus*S*40 J/(mol·K) at triple point
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, Δvap*H*o15.326 kJ/mol at 215.7 K (348 J/g)
Std entropy change
of vaporization, Δvap*S*o70.8 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δf*H*osolid−427.4 kJ/mol
doi = 10.1063/1.1749929title = Carbon Dioxide. The Heat Capacity and Vapor Pressure of the Solid. The Heat of Sublimation. Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Values of the Entropyyear = 1937last1 = Giauquefirst1 = W. F.last2 = Eganfirst2 = C. J.journal = The Journal of Chemical Physicsvolume = 5issue = 1pages = 45–54bibcode = 1937JChPh...5...45G}}
*S*osolid51.07 J/(mol·K)
Heat capacity, *cp*
Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δf*H*oliquid−393.5kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
*S*oliquid213.7J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, *cp*80—150 J/(mol·K) at 220—290 K
Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δf*H*ogas−393.52 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
*S*ogas213.79 J/(mol·K)
title=Ideal Gas Heat Capacity of CARBON DIOXIDE 화학공학소재연구정보센터(CHERIC) 연구정보 KDB Pure Component Propertiesurl=https://www.cheric.org/research/kdb/hcprop/showcoef.php?prop=CPGwebsite=www.cheric.org}} *cp*
Heat capacity ratio
*γ* = *cp*/*cv*
van der Waals' constantsa = 363.96 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.04267 liter per mole
Equilibrium with carbon monoxide

It is used for smoking effects in different scenes.

Solubility in water at various temperatures

17 °C0.9560.1845

|

60 °C0.3590.0576

|- |}

  • ‡Second column of table indicates solubility at each given temperature in volume of CO2 as it would be measured at 101.3 kPa and 0 °C per volume of water.
  • The solubility is given for "pure water", i.e., water which contain only CO2. This water is going to be acidic. For example, at 25 °C the pH of 3.9 is expected (see carbonic acid). At less acidic pH values, the solubility will increase because of the pH-dependent speciation of CO2.

Vapor pressure of solid and liquid

**T in °C**−134.3(s)−119.5(s)−108.6(s)−100.2(s)−85.7(s)−78.2(s)−69.1(s)−56.7−39.5−18.95.922.4
**P in mm Hg**110401004007601520380076001520030400
**P in atm (2sf, derived from mm Hg)**0.00130.0130.0530.130.531.02.05.0102040
**P in kPa (derived from mm Hg / atm)**0.131.35.31353101.325202.65506.6251013.252026.54053

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. Annotation "(s)" indicates equilibrium temperature of vapor over solid. Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid. For kPa values, where datum is whole numbers of atmospheres exact kPa values are given, elsewhere 2 significant figures derived from mm Hg data.

Phase diagram

Liquid/vapor equilibrium thermodynamic data

The table below gives thermodynamic data of liquid CO2 in equilibrium with its vapor at various temperatures. Heat content data, heat of vaporization, and entropy values are relative to the liquid state at 0 °C temperature and 3483 kPa pressure. To convert heat values to joules per mole values, multiply by 44.095 g/mol. To convert densities to moles per liter, multiply by 22.678 cm3 mol/(L·g). Data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. pages 2560–2561, except for critical temperature line (31.1 °C) and temperatures −30 °C and below, which are taken from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. page 1463.

Temp.
°C*Pvap*
Vapor
pressure
kPa*Hliq*
Heat
content
liquid
J/g*Hvap*
Heat
content
vapor
J/gΔvap*H*o
Heat of
vapor-
ization
J/g*ρvap*
Density
of vapor
g/cm3*ρliq*
Density
of liquid
g/cm3*Sliq*
Entropy
liquid
J/mol-°C*Svap*
Entropy
vapor
J/mol-°CTemp.
°C*Pvap*
Vapor
pressure
kPa*Hliq*
Heat
content
liquid
J/g*Hvap*
Heat
content
vapor
J/gΔvap*H*o
Heat of
vapor-
ization
J/g*ρvap*
Density
of vapor
g/cm3*ρliq*
Density
of liquid
g/cm3*Sliq*
Entropy
liquid
J/mol-°C*Svap*
Entropy
vapor
J/mol-°C
−56.6518.31.179
−56.0531.81.177
−54.0579.11.169
−52.0629.61.162
−50.0683.41.155
−48.0740.61.147
−46.0801.31.139
−44.0865.61.131
−42.0933.81.124
−40.01005.71.116
−38.01081.91.108
−36.01161.81.100
−34.01246.21.092
−32.01335.11.084
−30.01428.61.075
−28.891521−55.69237.1292.90.038461.0306−9.4843.41
−27.781575−53.76237.3291.00.039871.0276−9.1343.21
−26.671630−51.84237.6289.40.041331.0242−8.7843.01
−25.561686−49.87237.6287.50.042831.0209−8.4542.78
−24.441744−47.91237.8285.70.044401.0170−8.1042.56
−23.331804−45.94237.8283.60.046001.0132−7.7542.36
−22.221866−43.93237.8281.70.047671.0093−7.4042.14
−21.111928−41.92237.8279.60.049381.0053−7.0541.94
−20.001993−39.91237.8277.80.051161.0011−6.6841.71
−18.892059−37.86237.8275.70.053000.9968−6.3141.49
−17.782114−35.82237.6273.60.054890.9923−5.9841.27
−16.672197−33.73237.6271.20.056860.9875−5.6141.05
−15.562269−31.64237.3269.20.058880.9829−5.2640.83
−14.442343−29.54237.3266.90.060980.9782−4.9140.61
−13.332418−27.41237.1264.50.063140.9734−4.5440.39
−12.222495−25.27236.9262.20.065390.9665−4.1740.15
−11.112574−23.09236.7259.70.067710.9639−3.8039.92
−10.002654−20.90236.4257.30.070110.9592−3.4339.68
−8.892738−18.69235.9254.80.072590.9543−3.0639.46
−7.782823−16.45235.7252.20.075160.9494−2.6939.22
−6.672910−14.18235.2249.40.077830.9443−2.3238.98
−5.562999−11.90234.8246.60.080590.9393−1.9438.74
−4.443090−9.977234.3243.80.083470.9340−1.5738.50
−3.893136−8.410234.1242.40.084940.9313−1.3738.37
−2.783230−6.046233.6239.70.087970.9260−0.9838.12
−1.673327−3.648232.9236.60.091110.9206−0.5937.88
−0.563425−1.222232.4233.60.094380.9150−0.2037.62
0.5635261.234231.7230.50.097760.90940.2037.36
1.6736293.728231.0227.30.10130.90360.6137.08
2.7837356.268230.4224.00.10500.89751.0136.83
3.8938438.445229.4220.50.10880.89141.4236.55
5.00395311.46228.5217.00.11280.88501.8336.25
6.11406714.13227.6213.40.11690.87842.2535.98
7.22418216.85226.5209.70.12130.87162.6935.68
8.33430019.63225.4205.80.12580.86453.1235.39
9.44442022.46224.3201.80.13060.85713.5635.07
10.56454425.36223.1197.70.13550.84964.0234.76
11.67467028.33221.8193.40.14080.84184.4834.45
12.78479831.35220.3188.90.14630.83384.9434.11
13.89492934.49218.8184.30.15210.82545.4233.76
15.00506337.30217.2179.50.15830.81685.9233.41
16.11520041.03215.1174.40.16480.80766.4233.02
17.22534044.48213.6169.10.17170.79776.9632.66
18.33548248.03211.5163.50.17910.78717.4932.25
19.44562851.71209.4157.60.18690.77598.0431.83
20.56577655.61207.0151.40.19560.76398.6331.38
21.67592859.66204.3144.70.20540.75089.2430.90
22.78608363.97201.5137.50.21510.73679.8930.39
23.89624068.58198.4129.80.22630.721610.5729.85
25.00640173.51194.8121.30.23870.705811.3129.24
26.11656578.91190.7111.80.25320.689412.1028.60
27.22673384.94186.0101.10.27070.672012.9927.84
28.33690291.88180.488.490.29230.650714.0026.95
29.447081100.4173.172.720.32040.620915.2425.85
30.007164105.6168.462.760.33780.599216.0125.15
30.567253112.3162.350.040.35810.566116.9924.24
31.173910.000.46410.4641

Spectral data ==

UV-VisIRNMRMS
λmax? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε?
last1=Martinfirst1=P. E.last2=Barkerfirst2=E. F.title=The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Dioxidejournal=Physical Reviewvolume=41issue=3year=1932pages=291–303issn=0031-899Xdoi=10.1103/PhysRev.41.291bibcode=1932PhRv...41..291M}}2347 and 667 cm−1
Proton NMRnot applicable
Carbon-13 NMRlast1=Reichfirst1=H. J.title=C-13 Chemical Shiftsurl=http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/handouts/nmr-c13/cdata.htmwebsite=Organic Chem Infopublisher=University of Wisconsinaccessdate=31 May 2015ref=reich13Cnmrarchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302024127/http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/handouts/nmr-c13/cdata.htmarchive-date=2 March 2015url-status=dead}}
Masses of main fragments

Notes

References

References

  1. "Refractive index of gases". NPL.
  2. Darwent, B. deB. (1970). "Bond Dissociation Energies in Simple Molecules" Nat. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) 31, 52 pages.
  3. "CCCBDB listing of experimental data page 2".
  4. Anderson, Kelly E.. (2009-03-12). "Bond Angle Distributions of Carbon Dioxide in the Gas, Supercritical, and Solid Phases". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A.
  5. ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'', 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
  6. "Gas Encyclopaedia". Air Liquide.
  7. "Carbon dioxide 화학공학소재연구정보센터(CHERIC) {{!}} 연구정보 {{!}} KDB {{!}} Pure Component Properties".
  8. (1937). "Carbon Dioxide. The Heat Capacity and Vapor Pressure of the Solid. The Heat of Sublimation. Thermodynamic and Spectroscopic Values of the Entropy". The Journal of Chemical Physics.
  9. "Liquid Heat Capcity of CARBON DIOXIDE 화학공학소재연구정보센터(CHERIC) {{!}} 연구정보 {{!}} KDB {{!}} Pure Component Properties".
  10. ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'', 10th ed, pp. 1525–1528.
  11. "Ideal Gas Heat Capacity of CARBON DIOXIDE 화학공학소재연구정보센터(CHERIC) {{!}} 연구정보 {{!}} KDB {{!}} Pure Component Properties".
  12. ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'', 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524.
  13. ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'', 10th ed. pp. 1573–1576.
  14. ''Lange's Handbook of Chemistry'', 10th ed., p. 1100
  15. "Pure Component Properties". Chemical Engineering Research Information Center.
  16. (1932). "The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Dioxide". Physical Review.
  17. (2019). "Carbon dioxide absorption spectroscopy with a mid-infrared silicon photonic waveguide". Optics Letters.
  18. Reichle, Henry G.. (May 1969). "The Effect of Several Infrared Transparent Broadening Gases on the Absorption of Infrared Radiation in the 15 μm Band of Carbon Dioxide". High Altitude Engineering Laboratory.
  19. "C-13 Chemical Shifts". University of Wisconsin.
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