Burqin, Palestine

History

Burqin is an ancient site, situated on a slope, with old stones reused in the town houses.

It was mentioned under the name Burqana, in the 14th century BCE Amarna letters, as one of several cities conquered by the Canaanite warlord Lab'ayu in the Dothan Valley and southern Jezreel Valley.

Pottery sherds from the Early Bronze I, Early Bronze IIB, Late Bronze III, Iron Age I, Iron Age II, late Roman, Byzantine, Umayyad/Abbasid, Medieval and early Ottoman era have been found.

Ottoman era

In 1517, the village was included in the Ottoman Empire with the rest of Palestine, and in the 1596 tax-records it appeared as Bruqin, located in the Nahiya of Jabal Sami of the Liwa of Nablus. The population was 23 households and 4 bachelors, all Muslim. They paid a tax rate of 33.3% on agricultural products, which included wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 7980 akçe.

In 1799, Pierre Jacotin placed the village, named Berkin, nearly straight west of Jenin on his map. In 1838 Edward Robinson placed Burqin as being in the District of Jenin, also called "Haritheh esh-Shemaliyeh".

In 1863, when Victor Guérin visited, he found the village to have about 1,000 inhabitants, all Muslim with the exception of 90 Greek Orthodox Christians. He further noted that "Some 30 excavated cisterns are evidence that this village sits upon an ancient settlement."

In 1870/1871 (1288 AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in the nahiya (sub-district) of al-Sha'rawiyya al-Sharqiyya.

In 1872, Claude Reignier Conder visited Burqin during his surveying work in Palestine. He was met by the local curé and shown the church. It had a stone screen on the east, shutting off three apses.

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Burkin as "A village of Greek Christians, with a small modern church for the Greek rite. It stands on the side of a white hill, with a good well below on the north, and olives near it."

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Burqin had a population of 883; 871 Muslims and 12 Christians males, where all the Christians were Orthodox. This had increased in the 1931 census to a population of 1,086; 1,010 Muslim and 76 Christians, in a total of 227 inhabited houses.

In the 1945 statistics the population were 1,540; 1,430 Muslims and 110 Christians, with a total of 19,447 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 3,902 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 11,219 dunams for cereals, while 36 dunams were built-up (urban) land.

File:Burqin 1943.jpg|Burqin 1943 1:20,000 File:Biddya 1945.jpg|Burqin 1945 1:250,000

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Burqin came under Jordanian rule.

In 1961, the population of Birqin was 2,055.

Post 1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Burqin has been under Israeli occupation. According to the 1967 Census, the settlement had a population of 2,036, of whom 415 originated from Israeli territory.

On 21 July 2015 the 21-year-old Mohammed Ahmed Alauna of Burqin was shot dead during a confrontation with Israel forces who had entered the town on a night-time arrest mission.

Demography

Local origins

Among the residents, some originated from Syria, while others are Christians who migrated from various locations, including Lod, Beit Jala, Tubas, and Transjordan.

People from Burqin

• Hana Shalabi

Tourism

Burqin municipality and the Palestinian tourism ministry are working on making the Byzantine-era Burqin Church (St. George's Church) a popular tourist destination. Facilities in the town will be improved to be able to receive more tourists. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) are funding a project to renovate an old building into a centre for tourists, where they can be offered general lectures and movie screenings before visiting the church and other historical places in the town.

The municipality are talking to UNESCO about listing the town as a World Heritage Site.

References

Bibliography

References

1. (February 2018). "Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017". [[State of Palestine]].
2. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/146/mode/1up 146]
3. [http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf 2007 Locality Population Statistics] {{webarchive. link. (December 10, 2010 . [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]]. p. 105.)
4. Dauphin, 1998, p. 751
5. Goren et al., 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=47piAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA262 p. 262].
6. Zertal, 2004, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt-IvRhCEyYC&pg=PA104 104]–[https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt-IvRhCEyYC&pg=PA105 105]
7. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 128
8. Noted in 1838 by [[Edward Robinson (scholar). Edward Robinson]]; according to Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/n176/mode/1up 159]
9. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/130/mode/1up 2nd app, p. 130], no 8
10. Guérin, 1875, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr04gugoog#page/n248/mode/1up 223]−24
11. Grossman, David. (2004). "Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine". Magnes Press.
12. Conder, 1878, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/tentworkinpales00condgoog#page/n149/mode/1up 117]–118
13. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/46/mode/1up 46]–47
14. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Jenin, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n32/mode/1up 30]
15. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Jenin, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n49/mode/1up 47]
16. Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 67]
17. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p16.jpg 16] {{Webarchive. link. (2018-09-05)
18. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Jinin/Page-054.jpg 54]
19. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Jinin/Page-098.jpg 98]
20. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Jinin/Page-148.jpg 148]
21. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p15.pdf 15]
22. Perlmann, Joel. (November 2011 – February 2012). "The 1967 Census of the West Bank and Gaza Strip: A Digitized Version".
23. [https://archive.today/20210508221257/https://www.haaretz.com/21-year-old-palestinian-killed-in-clashes-with-idf-1.5377674#selection-949.44-949.65 Palestinian Shot Dead by Israeli Forces During West Bank Arrest Mission] [[Ha'aretz]] 22/7/2015
24. Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in '''Shomron studies'''. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 349
25. (1 April 2015). "West Bank hopes to make ancient church popular tourist destination". [[The Jerusalem Post]].