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Autonomous prefecture
People's Republic of China prefecture-level subdivision
People's Republic of China prefecture-level subdivision
| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| name | Autonomous Prefecture | |
| map | [[File:China autonomous prefectures.svg | 330px]] |
| category | Second-level administrative division of a unitary state | |
| territory | China | |
| start_date | ||
| current_number | 30 | |
| number_date | 1983 | |
| caption | Current autonomous prefectures (yellow) |
Autonomous prefectures () are one type of autonomous administrative division in China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being, most commonly, the historic home of significant minorities. The official name of an autonomous prefecture includes the most significant minority in that region, sometimes two, rarely three. For example, a prefecture with a large number of Kazakhs (Kazak in official naming system) may be called a Kazak Autonomous Prefecture. Like all other prefectural level divisions, autonomous prefectures are divided into county level divisions. There is one exception: Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture contains two prefectures of its own. Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.
Autonomous administrative divisions
]]
The PRC's autonomous administrative divisions may be found in the first (or top) to third levels of its national administrative divisions thus:
| Level | Type | Chinese | Pinyin | Number as of June 2005 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province (1) | Autonomous regions | 自治区 | zh | 5 |
| Prefecture (2) | Autonomous prefectures | 自治州 | zh | 30 |
| County (3) | Autonomous counties | 自治县 | zh | 117 |
| Autonomous banners | 自治旗 | zh | 3 |
List of autonomous prefectures
| Province | Name | Simplified Chinese and Pinyin | Designated minority | Local name | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gansu | Linxia | 临夏回族自治州 | |||
| zh | Hui | (*The Hui speak Chinese*) Xiao'erjing: | Linxia city | ||
| Gansu | Gannan | 甘南藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Kan-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Hezuo (Hzö) city | ||
| Guizhou | Qiandongnan | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Miao and Dong | Hmu: Qeef Dongb Naif Dol Yat Hmub Zid Zid Zeb | |||
| Dong: Qeenc Dongs Nanc Nyenc Miiul Nyenc Gaeml Zil Zl Zous | Kaili (Kad Linx) city | ||||
| Guizhou | Qiannan | 黔南布依族苗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Bouyei and Miao | Bouyei: Qianfnanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz ziqziqzouy | |||
| Hmu: Qeef Naif Dol Yat Dol Hmub Zid Zid Zeb | Duyun city | ||||
| Guizhou | Qianxinan | 黔西南布依族苗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Bouyei and Miao | Bouyei: Qianfxiynanf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqzouy | |||
| Hmu: Qeef Xib Naif Dol Yat Dol Hmub Zid Zid Zeb | Xingyi city | ||||
| Hubei | Enshi | 恩施土家族苗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tujia and Miao | Tujia: Eng Shiv Bif Ziv Kar hev Bef Kar zouf xengv zuvз | |||
| Hmong: Ee Si Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb | Enshi city | ||||
| Hunan | Xiangxi | 湘西土家族苗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tujia and Miao | Tujia: Xiз’angv Xif Bif Ziv Kar hev Bef Kar zouf xengv zuvз | |||
| Hmong: Xyaa Xyi Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb | Jishou city | ||||
| Jilin | Yanbian | 延边朝鲜族自治州 | |||
| zh | Korean | (*Yeonbyeon Joseonjok Jachiju*) | Yanji (Yeongil) city | ||
| Qinghai | Haibei | 海北藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Mtsho-byang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Haiyan County | ||
| Qinghai | Hainan | 海南藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Mtsho-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Gonghe County | ||
| Qinghai | Huangnan | 黄南藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Rma-lho Bod-rigs rang skyong khul*) | Tongren city | ||
| Qinghai | Golog | 果洛藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Mgo-log Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Maqên County | ||
| Qinghai | Yushu | 玉树藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Yul-shul Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Yushu city | ||
| Qinghai | Haixi | 海西蒙古族藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Mongolian & Tibetan | Mongolian: (*Borotal a-yin mongγol ebereen öbertegen zasaqu ǰuu*) | |||
| Tibetan: (*Mtsho-nub Sog-rigs dang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul*) | Delingha (Delhi) city | ||||
| Sichuan | Ngawa | 阿坝藏族羌族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan & Qiang | Tibetan: (*Rnga-ba Bod-rigs dang Chavang-rigs rang skyong khul*) | |||
| Qiangic: Ggabba Shbea Rrmea nyujugvez zhou | Barkam city | ||||
| Sichuan | Garzê | 甘孜藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Dkar-mdzes Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul*) | Kangding (Dartsedo) city | ||
| Sichuan | Liangshan | 凉山彝族自治州 | |||
| zh | Yi | (*Niepsha Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho*) | Xichang (Op Rro) city | ||
| Xinjiang | Kizilsu | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 | |||
| zh | Kyrgyz | Kyrgyz: (*Kızılsuu Kırgız avtonom oblastı*) | Artux city | ||
| Xinjiang | Bortala | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 | |||
| zh | Mongolian | Mongolian: (*Borotala mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu*) | Bole (Bortala) city | ||
| Xinjiang | Changji | 昌吉回族自治州 | |||
| zh | Hui | (*The Hui speak Chinese*) Xiao'erjing: | Changji city | ||
| Xinjiang | Bayingolin | 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 | |||
| zh | Mongolian | Mongolian: (*Bayangol mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu*) | Korla city | ||
| Xinjiang | Ili | ||||
| (Altay) | |||||
| (Tacheng) | 伊犁哈萨克自治州 | ||||
| zh | |||||
| (阿勒泰地区) | |||||
| (zh) | |||||
| (塔城地区) | |||||
| (zh) | Kazakh | Kazakh: ىله قازاق اۆتونومىيالى وبلىسى (*İle Qazaq awtonomïyalıq oblısı*) | |||
| (Kazakh: ئالتاي ۋىلايىتى) (*Altay aymağı*) | |||||
| (Kazakh: تارباعاتاي ايماعى) (*Tarbağatay aymağı*) | Yining (Ghulja) city | ||||
| (Altay city) | |||||
| (Tacheng city) | |||||
| Yunnan | Dehong | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州 | |||
| zh | Dai and Jingpo | Tai Nüa - ᥟᥪᥒᥱ ᥙᥪᥴ ᥓᥝᥲ ᥙᥩᥒ ᥛᥥᥝᥰ ᥖᥭᥰ ᥓᥤᥒ ᥚᥨᥲ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ (*Sakhkung Sam Jinghpo Amyu Madu Uphkang Mungdo*) | |||
| Zaiwa:Sikung Sam Zaizo Byumyu Yumsing Upkang Mau | Mangshi city | ||||
| Yunnan | Nujiang | 怒江傈僳族自治州 | |||
| zh | Lisu | Lisu: ꓠꓳ-ꓟꓵ ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴ ꓫꓵꓽ ꓚꓲꓸ ꓛꓬꓽ ꓗꓪꓼ ꓫꓵꓽ ꓝꓳꓴ (*Nolmut lisu shit jilqait guatshit zhou*) | Lushui city | ||
| Yunnan | Dêqên (Diqing) | 迪庆藏族自治州 | |||
| zh | Tibetan | Tibetan: (*Bde-chen Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul*) | Shangri-La city | ||
| Yunnan | Dali | 大理白族自治州 | |||
| zh | Bai | Bai: Darl•lit Baif•cuf zirl•zirl•zox | Dali city | ||
| Yunnan | Chuxiong | 楚雄彝族自治州 | |||
| zh | Yi | (*Olu Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho*) | Chuxiong city | ||
| Yunnan | Honghe | 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 | |||
| zh | Hani and Yi | Hani: Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel | |||
| (*Hopho Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho*) | Mengzi city | ||||
| Yunnan | Wenshan | 文山壮族苗族自治州 | |||
| zh | Zhuang and Miao | ||||
| Hmong: Veej Sa Tsuaam Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb | Wenshan city | ||||
| Yunnan | Xishuangbanna (Sibsongbanna) | 西双版纳傣族自治州 | |||
| zh | Dai | Jinghong city |
Ethnic composition of autonomous prefectures
:Note: * - denotes as the second titular ethnic group
| Autonomous | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| prefecture | rowspan="2" | Year | |||||
| established | rowspan="2" | Province | colspan="3" | Titular | |||
| ethnic group | colspan="3" | Other | |||||
| minorities | Han % | Total | |||||
| population | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2000 | % 2010 | 2000 | 2010 | |
| Bayingolin Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Mongolian | 3.40 | 3.40 | Uyghur | 31.83 |
| Bortala Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Mongolian | 5.64 | 5.66 | Uyghur | 12.53 |
| Changji Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Hui | 11.55 | 9.52 | Kazakh | 7.98 |
| Chuxiong Prefecture | 1958 | Yunnan | Yi | 26.31 | 26.70 | Lisu | 2.03 |
| Dali Prefecture | 1956 | Yunnan | Bai | 32.80 | 32.19 | Yi | 12.94 |
| Dehong Prefecture | 1953 | Yunnan | Dai | 30.14 | 28.88 | Jingpo* | 11.53 |
| Dêqên (Diqing) Prefecture | 1957 | Yunnan | Tibetan | 33.12 | 32.36 | Lisu | 27.78 |
| Enshi Prefecture | 1983 | Hubei | Tujia | 45.00 | 47.50 | Miao* | 5.45 |
| Gannan Prefecture | 1953 | Gansu | Tibetan | 51.44 | 54.64 | Hui | 6.43 |
| Garzê Prefecture | 1950 | Sichuan | Tibetan | 78.37 | 78.29 | Yi | 2.56 |
| Golog Prefecture | 1954 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 91.63 | 91.86 | Hui | 1.11 |
| Haibei Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 24.15 | 24.36 | Hui | 30.58 |
| Hainan Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 62.77 | 66.31 | Hui | 6.97 |
| Haixi Prefecture | 1954 | Qinghai | Mongol | 7.23 | 5.53 | Tibetan* | 12.16 |
| Honghe Prefecture | 1957 | Yunnan | Hani | 16.60 | 17.55 | Yi* | 23.57 |
| Huangnan Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 66.32 | 68.55 | Mongol | 13.54 |
| Ili Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Kazakh | 21.53 | Uyghur | ||
| Kizilsu Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Kyrgyz | 28.32 | 27.32 | Uyghur | 63.98 |
| Liangshan Prefecture | 1952 | Sichuan | Yi | 44.43 | 49.13 | Tibetan | 1.49 |
| Linxia Prefecture | 1956 | Gansu | Hui | 31.59 | Dongxiang | ||
| Ngawa Prefecture | 1953 | Sichuan | Tibetan | 53.72 | 54.50 | Qiang* | 18.28 |
| Nujiang Prefecture | 1954 | Yunnan | Lisu | 47.13 | 48.21 | Bai | 26.97 |
| Qiandongnan Prefecture | 1956 | Guizhou | Miao | 41.48 | 41.57 | Dong* | 31.40 |
| Qiannan Prefecture | 1956 | Guizhou | Buyei | 32.46 | 31.22 | Miao* | 13.37 |
| Qianxinan Prefecture | 1982 | Guizhou | Buyei | 30.04 | 27.56 | Miao* | 7.51 |
| Wenshan Prefecture | 1958 | Yunnan | Miao | 12.94 | 13.68 | Zhuang* | 30.04 |
| Xiangxi Prefecture | 1957 | Hunan | Tujia | 42.73 | Miao* | ||
| Xishuangbanna (Sibsongbanna) Prefecture | 1953 | Yunnan | Dai | 29.89 | 27.89 | Hani | 18.73 |
| Yanbian Prefecture | 1952 | Jilin | Korean | 36.26 | 32.45 | Manchu | 2.58 |
| Yushu Prefecture | 1951 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 96.49 | Hui |
Former autonomous prefectures of China
- Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (1952–1988) in Guangdong, abolished because of the establishment of Hainan Province.
- Hedong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
- Xihaigu Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1953–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Guyuan Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
- Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture (sub-provincial level, 1953–1955) in Guangxi Province, abolished because of the establishment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
- Bayinhot Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1956) in Gansu, included today's Dengkou County and Alxa League. The autonomy abolished after it merged into Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Administrative prefecture level units with a population of 30% or more of ethnic minorities
:Excluding prefecture level units of autonomous regions in 2000.
- Hebei: Chengde (Han - 55.32%, Manchu - 39.87%)
- Liaoning: Benxi (Han - 66.84%, Manchu - 30.22%), Dandong (Han - 64.11%, Manchu - 32.99%)
- Hunan: Zhangjiajie (Tujia - 68.40%, Han - 22.81%), Huaihua (Han - 61.33%, Dong - 17.42%, Miao - 15.63%)
- Guizhou: Anshun (Han - 61.6%, Buyei - 16.92%, Miao - 14.27%), Tongren (Tujia - 37.81%, Han - 31.76%, Miao - 14.87%, Dong - 11.41%)
- Yunnan: Yuxi (Han - 68,18%, Yi - 19,32%), Pu'er (Han - 40,92%, Hani - 16,98%, Yi - 16.58%, Lahu - 11.47%), Lijiang (Han - 42.71%, Nakhi 20.51%, Yi - 18.68%, Lisu - 9.62%), Lincang (Han - 61.22%, Dai - 15.77%, Lahu and Va - 9.76%)
- Qinghai: Haidong (Han - 56.33%, Hui - 20.38%, Tibetan - 9.2%, Tu - 8.06%)
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