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Assam Legislative Assembly
Unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam
Unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam
| Field | Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | Assam Legislative Assembly | ||||||
| coa_pic | Assam Legislative Assembly logo.png | ||||||
| legislature | [15th Assam Assembly](15th-assam-assembly) | ||||||
| house_type | Unicameral | ||||||
| term_limits | 5 years | ||||||
| body | Assam Legislature | ||||||
| leader1_type | Governor | ||||||
| leader1 | **Lakshman Acharya** | ||||||
| leader2_type | Governor of Assam | ||||||
| election2 | 15 February 2023 | ||||||
| leader3_type | Speaker of the house | ||||||
| leader3 | **Biswajit Daimary** | ||||||
| party3 | BJP | ||||||
| election3 | [21 May 2021](2021-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| leader4_type | Deputy Speaker of the house | ||||||
| leader4 | **Numal Momin** | ||||||
| party4 | BJP | ||||||
| election4 | [21 May 2021](2021-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| leader5_type | Chief Minister | ||||||
| (Leader of the House) | |||||||
| leader5 | **Himanta Biswa Sarma** | ||||||
| party5 | BJP | ||||||
| election5 | [10 May 2021](2021-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| leader6_type | Leader of the Opposition | ||||||
| leader6 | Debabrata Saikia | ||||||
| party6 | INC | ||||||
| election6 | [20 May 2016](2016-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| leader7_type | Deputy Leader of the Opposition | ||||||
| leader7 | Vacant | ||||||
| election7 | 11 June 2024 | ||||||
| members | **126** | ||||||
| structure1 | |||||||
| structure1_res | 300px | ||||||
| political_groups1 | |||||||
| :*}} BJP (67)<ref>{{Cite web | date | 1 January 2022 | title=Assam Congress MLA Sashi Kanta Das who extended support to BJP suspended | access-date=7 April 2022 | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/assam-congress-mla-sashi-kanta-das-who-extended-support-to-bjp-suspended-101641010555121.html | website=Hindustan Times | language=en}} |
| voting_system1 | First past the post | ||||||
| last_election1 | [27 March to 6 April 2021](2021-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| next_election1 | [2026](2026-assam-legislative-assembly-election) | ||||||
| session_room | File:Assam Legislative Assembly complex with New Assembly Hall.jpg | ||||||
| meeting_place | Assam Legislative Assembly complex, | ||||||
| Dispur, Guwahati, Assam, India - 781006. | |||||||
| website | [www.assambidhansabha.org](https://assambidhansabha.org/) | ||||||
| foundation |
(Leader of the House) Government (86) : NDA (86) :* BJP (67) :* AGP (9) :* UPPL (7) :* BPF (3) Official Opposition (25) : INDIA (24) :* INC (22) :* RD (2) :* CPI(M) (1) Other Opposition (15) :* AIUDF (15) Dispur, Guwahati, Assam, India - 781006.
The Assam Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam. It is housed in Dispur, the capital city of Assam, geographically situated in present Western Assam region. The Legislative Assembly comprises 126 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker, currently Biswajit Daimary.
Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Assam through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in April–May 2021, and the next election is scheduled for 2026. The Assembly plays a key role in law-making for the state, handling crucial matters such as state budgets, development policies, and local governance. It has the authority to legislate on issues specified under the State and Concurrent Lists of the Constitution of India.
The Assembly functions through various committees that handle specific issues, including the budget, public accounts, and legislative procedures. The Chief Minister, who is the leader of the majority party in the Assembly, holds executive powers and is the head of the state government. The current Chief Minister is Himanta Biswa Sarma from the BJP, who has been in office since May 2021.
The 2021 election was the BJP securing a simple victory, while the INC emerged as the main opposition party, alongside its allies such as the AIUDF and BPF.
History
According to provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature of Assam province came into existence in 1937. After the Government of India Act 1935 was passed, it paved the way for the formation of Assam Legislative Assembly, and became a bicameral legislature. The strength of the House was 108, where all the members were elected. The Legislative Council (Upper House) was not less than 21 and not more than 22 members.
The first sitting of its lower house, the Assam Legislative Assembly, took place on 7 April 1937 in the Assembly Chamber at Shillong. Shillong was the capital of the composite State of Assam. It had a strength of 108 members. However, the strength of the Assembly was reduced to 71 after the partition of India.
After Indian independence, the Assam Legislative Council was abolished in 1952 and the Assam Legislative Assembly became unicameral. The reconstituted assembly had 108 members with 31 seats reserved for Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes.
In the years that followed, Assam was truncated to several smaller states. And over the years, with the changing geographical boundaries and increase in population, the strength of members has changed from 108 in 1952–57 to 114 in 1967-72 (the third Assembly) and by 1972-78 (the fifth Assembly) it had a strength of 126 members.
Office bearers
Members of the Legislative Assembly
Leaders of Opposition
Official Opposition is a term used to designate the political party which has secured the second largest number of seats in the assembly. In order to get formal recognition, the party must have at least 10% of total membership of the Legislative Assembly. A single party has to meet the 10% seat criterion, not an alliance. Many of the Indian state legislatures also follow this 10% rule while the rest of them prefer single largest opposition party according to the rules of their respective houses.
Leaders of Opposition
| # | Assembly | Name | Portrait | Took office | Left office | Constituency | Party | Chief Minister | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gopinath Bordoloi | [[File:Gopinath Bordoloi.jpg | 70x70px]] | Kamrup Sadar South | Indian National Congress | Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah | ||||||
| 2 | Gaurishankar Bhattacharyya | 1972 | 1978 | Borbhag | Peoples Democratic Party of Assam | Sarat Chandra Sinha | ||||||
| ? | ? | ? | 1978 | 1979 | ? | Indian National Congress | Golap Borbora | |||||
| 1979 | 1979 | ? | Indian National Congress | Jogendra Nath Hazarika | ||||||||
| 1980 | 1981 | ? | Janata Party | Anwara Taimur | ||||||||
| 1981 | 1983 | ? | Janata Party | Kesab Chandra Gogoi | ||||||||
| ? | ? | ? | 1983 | 1985 | ? | ? | Hiteswar Saikia | |||||
| 3 | Golok Rajbanshi | 1985 | 1990 | Rangapara | Indian National Congress | Prafulla Kumar Mahanta | ||||||
| 4 | Prafulla Kumar Mahanta | [[File:The former Chief Minister of Assam, Shri Prafulla Kumar Mahanta calling on the Minister of State for Culture and Tourism (Independent Charge), Dr. Mahesh Sharma, in New Delhi on July 20, 2017 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | 1991 | 1996 | Barhampur | Asom Gana Parishad | Hiteswar Saikia | ||||
| ? | ? | 1996 | 2001 | ? | Indian National Congress | Prafulla Kumar Mahanta | ||||||
| 4 | [11th Assam Assembly](11th-assam-assembly) | Brindaban Goswami | [[File:M. Venkaiah Naidu with a delegation of Ministers and MLAs of Asom Gana Parishad led by the Minister of Agriculture, Horticulture & Food Processing, Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, UDD and T&CP, Assam, Shri Atul Bora.jpg | 70px | thumb | B.Goswami in Left Side | left]] | 2001 | 2006 | Tezpur | Asom Gana Parishad | Tarun Gogoi |
| [12th Assam Assembly](12th-assam-assembly) | 2006 | 2006 | ||||||||||
| 5 | Chandra Mohan Patowary | [[File:Chandra Mohan Patowary.jpg | 81x81px]] | 2006 | 2010 | Dharmapur | ||||||
| (3) | Prafulla Kumar Mahanta | [[File:The former Chief Minister of Assam, Shri Prafulla Kumar Mahanta calling on the Minister of State for Culture and Tourism (Independent Charge), Dr. Mahesh Sharma, in New Delhi on July 20, 2017 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | 2010 | 2011 | Barhampur | ||||||
| [13th Assam Assembly](13th-assam-assembly) | ? | ? | 2011 | 2016 | ? | ? | ||||||
| 6 | [14th Assam Assembly](14th-assam-assembly) | Debabrata Saikia | [[File:Leader of the Opposition, Shri Debabrata Saikia in Prime Minister’s Office.jpg | 70px]] | 6-June-2016 | 5-Jan-2021 | Nazira | Indian National Congress | Sarbananda Sonowal | |||
| [15th Assam Assembly](15th-assam-assembly) | 21-May-2021 | *Incumbent* | Nazira | Indian National Congress | Himanta Biswa Sarma |
Deputy Leader of Opposition
| # | Assembly | Name | Portrait | Term starts | Constituency | Party | Chief Minister | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Renuka Devi Barkataki | [[File:Renuka_Devi_Barkataki_official_portrait.gif | 102x102px]] | 1972-1978 | Peoples Democratic Party of Assam | Sarat Chandra Sinha | ||
| 2 | [14th Assam Assembly](14th-assam-assembly) | Rakibul Hussain | [[File:Rockybul_Hussain,_the_State_President,_Shri_Bhubaneshwar_Kalita_and_the_Convener_of_19th_Commonwealth_Games,_Alka_Lamba_with_the_Queen's_Baton,_during_the_Queen's_Baton_Relay_2010_started_from_Nehru_Stadium,_in_Guwahati.jpg | 70x70px]] | 2016-2021 | Samaguri | Indian National Congress | Sarbananda Sonowal |
| [15th Assam Assembly](15th-assam-assembly) | 2021-2024 | Himanta Biswa Sarma | ||||||
| 3 | 2024-incumbent |
References
References
- (1 January 2022). "Assam Congress MLA Sashi Kanta Das who extended support to BJP suspended".
- "A Brief Historical Profile of Assam Legislative Assembly". assambidhansabha.org.
- (21 May 2021). "BJP legislator Biswajit Daimary becomes new Assam assembly speaker". Times of India.
- Rao, V. Venkata. (1987). "Government and Politics in North East India". The Indian Journal of Political Science.
- "Assam Legislative Assembly - History".
- (2016-06-06). "Debabrata Saikia appointed Leader of Opposition in Assam Assembly".
- (2021-01-05). "Congress MLA loses status of leader of opposition in Assam assembly". Hindustan Times.
- ANI. "Congress elects Debabrata Saikia as leader of opposition in Assam Assembly".
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