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Ashur-bel-nisheshu

Field	Value
name	Ashur-bel-nisheshu
title	Issi'ak Assur
succession	King of Assur
reign	1417–1409 BC
predecessor	Ashur-nirari II
successor	Ashur-rim-nisheshu
father	Ashur-nirari II
issue	Ashur-rim-nisheshu, Eriba-Adad I

Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu, (,Nassouhi King List, Istanbul A. 116 (Assur 8836), iii 11–12.Khorsabad King List, IM 60017 (excavation nos.: DS 828, DS 32-54), iii 5–6.SDAS King List, tablet IM 60484, ii 38.) and meaning “(the god) Aššur (is) lord of his people,” was the ruler of Assyria 1417–1409 BC or 1407–1398 BC (short chronology), the variants due to uncertainties in the later chronology. He succeeded his father, Aššur-nērārī II, to the throne and is best known for his treaty with Kassite king Karaindaš.

Biography

Schroeder's line art for one of Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu’s memorial cones.<ref group=i name=cone>Cone VAT 7442, first published KAH 2 no. 22 (1922).</ref>

As was the practice during this period of the Assyrian monarchy, he modestly titled himself “vice-regent”, or išši'ak Aššur, of the god Ashur. The Synchronistic Chronicle**Synchronistic Chronicle (ABC 21), tablet K4401a, i 1–4. records his apparently amicable territorial treaty with Karaindaš, king of Babylon, and recounts that they “took an oath together concerning this very boundary.”,. This treaty, made independently, indicates the Mitanni Empire influence over Assyria was waning. His numerous clay cone inscriptions (line art for an example pictured) celebrate his re-facing of Puzur-Aššur III’s wall of the “New City” district of Assur.

Contemporary legal documents detail sales of land, houses, and slaves and payment in lead. The Assyrian credit system was fairly sophisticated, with loans issued for commodities such as barley and lead, interest coming due when repayment was delayed. The security posted for loans could include property, the person of the debtor or indeed his children.

There is a discrepancy in the data about his son and eventual successor. The Assyrian King List gives his immediate successor, Aššur-rā’im-nišēšu, as his son, but Aššur-rā’im-nišēšu's own contemporary inscriptionCone VAT? 2764, first published KAH 1 no. 63 (1911). names his father as Aššur-nērārī II, suggesting that he may have been a brother of Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu. The confusion is further compounded with the Khorsabad Kinglist and the SDAS Kinglist identifying Eriba-Adad I, who ascended the throne eighteen years later, as his son

Inscriptions

References

Chen, Fei. (2020). "Study on the Synchronistic King List from Ashur". BRILL.
K. Åkerman. (1998). "The Prosopography of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Volume 1, Part I: A". The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project.
A. K. Grayson. (1972). "Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Volume 1". Otto Harrassowitz.
A. K. Grayson. (1975). "Assyrian and Babylonian chronicles". J. J. Augustin.
C. J. Gadd. (1975). "The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume II, Part 2, History of the Middle East and the Aegean Region, 1380 – 1000 BC". Cambridge University Press.
J. A. Brinkman. (1973). "Comments on the Nasouhi Kinglist and the Assyrian Kinglist Tradition". Orientalia.

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