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Arzachel (crater)

Crater on the Moon

Field	Value
image	Arzachel crater 4108 h1 4108 h2.jpg
caption	Mosaic of Lunar Orbiter 4 images
coordinates
diameter	96 km
depth	3.6 km
colong	3
eponym	Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī

The crater area in a Selenochromatic format Image (Si) with selenochriomatic landmarks. 1, 2, 3: Jaws Of Hell4: Arzachel lipstick

Arzachel is a relatively young lunar impact crater located in the highlands in the south-central part of the visible Moon, close to the zero meridian (the visible center of the Moon). It lies to the south of the crater Alphonsus, and together with Ptolemaeus further north the three form a prominent line of craters to the east of Mare Nubium. The smaller Alpetragius lies to the northwest, and Thebit is to the southwest along the edge of the mare.

Description

Arzachel is remarkably clear in its structure and a favorite telescope viewing subject for advanced amateur astronomers. The rim of Arzachel shows little sign of wear and has a detailed terrace structure on the interior, especially on the slightly higher eastern rim. There is a rough outer rampart that joins a ridge running from the north rim to southern rim of Alphonsus.

The rugged central peak of Arzachel is prominent, rising 1.5 kilometers above the floor, and is somewhat offset to the west with a bowed curve from south to north-northeast. The floor is relatively flat, except for some irregularities in the southwestern quadrant of the crater. There is a rille system named the Rimae Arzachel that runs from the northern wall to the southeast rim. A small crater lies prominently in the floor to the east of the central peak, with a pair of smaller craterlets located nearby.

Arzachel is a crater of Lower (Early) Imbrian age.

Names

Arzachel is a Latinization of the name of the Arab astronomer and mathematician Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī. Like many of the craters on the Moon's near side, Arzachel was named by Giovanni Riccioli, whose 1651 nomenclature system has become standardized. Earlier lunar cartographers had given the feature different names: Michael van Langren's 1645 map calls it "Annae, Reg. Fran.", after Anne, the Regent of France, and Johannes Hevelius called it "Mons Cragus" after one of the Mount Craguses of the ancient world.

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Arzachel.

Arzachel	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
A	18.0° S	1.5° W	10 km
B	17.0° S	2.9° W	8 km
C	17.4° S	3.7° W	6 km
D	20.2° S	2.1° W	8 km
H	18.7° S	2.0° W	5 km
K	18.3° S	1.6° W	4 km
L	20.0° S	0.1° E	8 km
M	20.6° S	0.9° W	3 km
N	20.4° S	2.2° W	3 km
T	17.7° S	1.3° W	3 km
Y	18.2° S	4.3° W	4 km

References

{{cite book | author-link2 = Ewen Whitaker
{{cite web | access-date = 2007-08-05
{{cite book | author-link1 = Ben Bussey | author-link2 = Paul Spudis
{{cite book
{{cite web | access-date = 2007-10-24 | archive-date = 2012-02-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120208141804/http://host.planet4589.org/astro/lunar/ | url-status = dead
{{cite book | author-link = Patrick Moore
{{cite book
{{cite book | author-link = Antonín Rükl
{{cite book | author-link = Thomas William Webb
{{cite book | author-link = Ewen Whitaker
{{cite book

References

[https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1348 The geologic history of the Moon]. [[USGS]] Professional Paper 1348. By [[Don Wilhelms. Don E. Wilhelms]], John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987. Table 10.2.
{{gpn. 412
Ewen A. Whitaker, ''Mapping and Naming the Moon'' (Cambridge University Press, 1999), p.211.
Ewen A. Whitaker, ''Mapping and Naming the Moon'' (Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 197.
Ewen A. Whitaker, ''Mapping and Naming the Moon'' (Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 203.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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