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Arthralgia

Joint pain

Field	Value
name	Joint Pain
field	Rheumatology
causes	Varied
diagnosis	Health care provider interview of patient and performing physical exam(s)
treatment	Based on underlying cause(s)

Arthralgia () literally means 'joint pain'. Specifically, arthralgia is a symptom of injury, infection, illness (in particular arthritis), or an allergic reaction to medication.

According to MeSH, the term arthralgia should only be used when the condition is non-inflammatory, and the term arthritis should be used when the condition is inflammatory.

Causes

The causes of arthralgia are varied and range, from a joints perspective, from degenerative and destructive processes such as osteoarthritis and sports injuries to inflammation of tissues surrounding the joints, such as bursitis. These might be triggered by other things, such as infections or vaccinations.

Cause	Mono- or
polyarticular	Speed of onset
Rheumatoid arthritis	author1=Agabegi	first=Elizabeth D.	url=https://archive.org/details/stepuptomedicine0000agab	title=Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series)	author2=Agabegi	first2=Steven S.	publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins	year=2008	isbn=978-0-7817-7153-5	location=Hagerstwon, Maryland	pages=Table 6–8	url-access=registration}}	doi = 10.1002/art.1780370606	last1 = Chan	first1 = K. W.	last2 = Felson	first2 = D. T.	last3 = Yood	first3 = R. A.	last4 = Walker	first4 = A. M.	title = The lag time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis	journal = Arthritis and Rheumatism	volume = 37	issue = 6	pages = 814–820	year = 1994	pmid = 8003053}}
Systemic lupus erythematosus	Polyarticular	Months
Viral arthritis	Polyarticular
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Reactive arthritis	Polyarticular
Rheumatic fever	Polyarticular
Lyme disease	Polyarticular
Gonococcal arthritis	Polyarticular
Drug-induced arthritis	Polyarticular
Ligamentous laxity	Polyarticular
Osteoarthritis	Monoarticular
Gout attack	Monoarticular	Hours
Pseudogout	Monoarticular
Behcet's disease	Monoarticular
Physical trauma	Monoarticular	Immediate
Septic arthritis	Monoarticular	last1=Schaider	first1=Jeffrey	title=Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (Harwood-Nuss))	last2=Wolfson	first2=Allan B.	last3=Hendey	first3=Gregory W.	last4=Ling	first4=Louis	last5=Rosen	first5=Carlo L.	publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins	year=2009	isbn=978-0-7817-8943-1	location=Hagerstwon, Maryland	page=}}
Hemarthrosis	Monoarticular
5HT2-antagonists
Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves interviewing the patient and performing physical exams. When attempting to establish the cause of the arthralgia, the emphasis is on the interview. The patient is asked questions intended to narrow the number of potential causes. Given the varied nature of these possible causes, some questions may seem irrelevant. For example, the patient may be asked about dry mouth, light sensitivity, rashes or a history of seizures. Answering yes or no to any of these questions limits the number of possible causes and guides the physician toward the appropriate exams and lab tests.

Treatment

Treatment depends on a specific underlying cause. The underlying cause will be treated first and foremost. The treatments may include joint replacement surgery for severely damaged joints, immunosuppressants for immune system dysfunction, antibiotics when an infection is the cause, and discontinuing medication when an allergic reaction is the cause. When treating the primary cause, pain management may still play a role in treatment.

References

"Arthralgia Definition". MedicineNet.com.
Hardin. "Arthralgia". Clinical Methods – The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations.
Philp. "Allergic Drug Reactions – Systemic Allergic Drug Reactions". Clinical Methods - The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations.
"MeSH".
Hardin. "Table 161.1. Some Common Regional Rheumatic Syndromes". Clinical Methods – The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations.
McVittie. "Information from CDC and FDA on the Safety of Gardasil Vaccine". supplement to your [[Biologic License Application.
(2008). "Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series)". Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
(1994). "The lag time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis and Rheumatism.
(2010). "SLE diagnosis and treatment: When early is early". Autoimmunity Reviews.
"Ehlers-Danlos syndrome – Symptoms and causes".
(2009). "Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine (Harwood-Nuss))". Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
(November 2005). "Mirtazapine-induced arthralgia". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
"Henoch-Schonlein purpura (video)".
"Symptomatic Extraarticular Features of the Connective Tissue Diseases and the Spondyloarthropathies". Clinical Methods – The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations.
"Pain Management". Arthritis Action.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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