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Araucaria moist forests

Ecoregion in Brazil and Argentina

Field	Value
name	Araucaria moist forests
image	Araucaria Parna aparados da serra.jpg
image_caption	Araucaria moist forest in Aparados da Serra National Park, Brazil.
map	Araucaria moist forests WWF.png
map_size	240
map_caption	Araucaria moist forests ecoregion as defined by WWF.
biome	Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
biogeographic_realm	Neotropical
country	Brazil
country1	Argentina
state	São Paulo
state1	Paraná
state2	Santa Catarina
state3	Rio Grande do Sul
state4	Misiones Province
border	Alto Paraná Atlantic forests
border1	Cerrado
border2	Serra do Mar coastal forests
border3	Uruguayan savanna
bird_species	440
{{cite book	last1	Hoekstra	first1 = J. M.	last2 = Molnar	first2 = J. L.	last3 = Jennings	first3 = M.	last4 = Revenga	first4 = C.	last5 = Spalding	first5 = M. D.	last6 = Boucher	first6 = T. M.	last7 = Robertson	first7 = J. C.	last8 = Heibel	first8 = T. J.	last9 = Ellison	first9 = K.	title = The Atlas of Global Conservation: Changes, Challenges, and Opportunities to Make a Difference	publisher = University of California Press	year = 2010	isbn = 978-0-520-26256-0	url = https://archive.org/details/atlasofglobalcon0000unse	url-access = registration }}
mammal_species	141
habitat_loss	87.0
habitat_loss_ref
protected	4.757
protected_ref
area	216100

The Araucaria moist forests, officially classified as mixed ombrophilous forest (Portuguese: "Floresta Ombrófila Mista") in Brazil, are a montane subtropical moist forest ecoregion. The forest ecosystem is located in southern and in few areas of southeastern Brazil and parts of northeastern Argentina. The ecoregion is a southern portion of the Atlantic Forest. The ecoregion also includes select areas of open field called "campos de cima da serra" or "coxilhas" (highland fields).

Setting

The moist forests cover an area of 216100 km2, encompassing a region of mountains and plateaus in the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, and extending into Misiones Province of Argentina.

The ecoregion lies above 500 m, rising to 1600 m elevation on the high slopes of the Serra Geral.

The ecoregion is bounded by the Alto Paraná Atlantic forests to the north, west, and south, the Cerrado savannas and shrublands to the northeast, The Serra do Mar coastal forests to the east, and the Uruguayan savanna to the southwest.

Climate

The Araucaria moist forests have an oceanic temperate climate (Cfb), with frequent frosts during the winter months and considerable snowfalls (generally light) in the highest areas. Annual precipitation is high, ranging from 1300 to, without a dry season.

Flora

The ecoregion mostly consists of evergreen subtropical moist forests, with a canopy made up of the broadleaved trees Ocotea pretiosa, O. catharinense, and O. porosa (Lauraceae), Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Myrtaceae), and Mimosa scabrella and Parapiptadenia rigida (both Leguminosae). The conifer Brazilian araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia) forms an emergent layer, growing up to 45 m in height. The forests are significant from an evolutionary perspective, as a relict of mixed coniferous and broadleaved forests that were once much more widespread, and are home to many taxa characteristic of the Antarctic flora.

Fauna

The ecoregion is home to several threatened species endemic to the Atlantic forests, including the brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba) and the red-spectacled parrot (Amazona pretrei). The Araucaria moist forests is recognized as an important endemic bird area.

Conservation and threats

The Araucaria moist forests are within the Atlantic Forest Biome (Mata Atlântica), which is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot by Conservation International, and as a Global 200 ecoregion by the World Wildlife Fund.

4.757% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Protected areas include Aparados da Serra National Park, Araucárias National Park, Campos Gerais National Park, Guaricana National Park, Iguaçu National Park, São Joaquim National Park, Serra Geral National Park, and Serra do Itajaí National Park.

References

SOS MATA ATLÂNTICA. 1998. Atlas da evolução dos remanescentes florestais e ecossistemas associados no domínio da Mata Atlântica no período 1990-1995. Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica, Instituto Socioambiental e Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, São Paulo.
[https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/60101 Araucaria moist forests]. DOPA Explorer. Accessed 5 November 2022.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

atlantic-forest neotropical-tropical-and-subtropical-moist-broadleaf-forests ecoregions-of-argentina ecoregions-of-brazil forests-of-brazil flora-of-the-atlantic-forest environment-of-são-paulo-(state) environment-of-paraná-(state) environment-of-santa-catarina-(state) environment-of-rio-grande-do-sul geography-of-misiones-province

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