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Albert Einstein Peace Prize

Former peace prize

Former peace prize

The Albert Einstein Peace Prize was a peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. The Foundation dates from 1979, the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein, and evokes the Russell–Einstein Manifesto which urges nuclear disarmament. It was established, with the sponsorship of the trustees of Einstein's estate, by William M. Swartz (1912–87) a wealthy businessman and the grandfather of activist Aaron Swartz. William M. Swartz was involved in the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and established the Foundation in part to support Pugwash. Prize winners, mainly active in nuclear disarmament, receive(d) $50,000.

The last known Albert Einstein Peace Prize was awarded in 1992, to Joseph Rotblat and Hans Bethe at a conference marking the fiftieth anniversary of Chicago Pile-1. Subsequent evidence, including public obituaries and the absence of publicized activity or awards since a 1992 conference, suggests the Foundation became inactive or defunct after that time and has not awarded new prizes after 1992.

YearWinnerNotesRefs
1980Alva MyrdalFor "her outspoken insistence on action by the great powers toward control over their nuclear competition and for her major contributions to the achievement of the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1969, and agreements prohibiting the deployment of nuclear weapons on the seabed and in space."
1981George F. Kennan"For his continuing efforts to reduce tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and the world in general." Kennan had not heard of the prize when informed he had won it. His conferral ceremony was attended by members of the Reagan administration and Anatoly Dobrynin.
1982McGeorge Bundy, Robert McNamara, Gerard C. SmithJoint award for opposing pre-emptive nuclear strikesjournal=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientistsurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=5AUAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PP2date=June 1988title=William Swartz; 1912–1987volume=5number=5page=2}}
1983Joseph Bernardinfor his part in drafting the U.S. bishops' pastoral letter calling for new arms agreementsjournal=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientistsurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=0QUAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA11date=February 1984page=11title=Pacem in terris: twenty years laterfirst=Josephlast=Bernardinvolume=40issue=2doi=10.1080/00963402.1984.11459175url-access=subscription}}
1984Pierre Trudeaufor working to promote disarmament
1985Willy Brandturl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311142015/https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9802E1DB1339F937A35753C1A963948260BRIEFING;date=2007-03-11 }}" in The New York Times October 4, 1985. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
1986Olof PalmeAwarded posthumously for "wide-ranging efforts on behalf of peace"url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-L4yAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bu8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2740%2C4410781title=Palme honoureddate=September 30, 1986work=Ottawa Citizenpage=A10access-date=10 January 2016}}
1988Andrei Sakharov{{cite web
1990Mikhail Gorbachev
1992Joseph Rotblat and Hans BetheConferred at a conference marking the fiftieth anniversary of Chicago Pile-1.

References

References

  1. Cousins, Norman. (14 December 1979). "Letter from the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation to Joshua Lederberg". [[United States National Library of Medicine]].
  2. Guy, Sandra. (15 January 2013). "Aaron Swartz was 'killed by government,' father says at funeral". Sun-Times.
  3. Heise, Kenan. (November 13, 1987). "William Swartz, Peace Agency Founder". [[Chicago Tribune]].
  4. (January–February 1988). "William M. Swartz, 1912–1987". Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc..
  5. Yang, Wesley. (February 8, 2013). "The Life and Afterlife of Aaron Swartz". New York Magazine.
  6. Mitchell-Greene, Bonnie L.. (2008-09-05). "Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, and Conflict". Academic Press.
  7. "Mapping 72 Peace Prize Award Programs Around the World".
  8. "[http://www.boston.com/globe/search/stories/nobel/1980/1980al.html NAMES & FACES]" in [[Boston Globe]] March 14, 1980. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
  9. (May 1980). "Recipient of the first Albert Einstein Peace Prize of $50,000 is...Alva Myrdal for her service to her country and to the world". Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc..
  10. Krebs, Albin and [[Robert McG. Thomas. Thomas, Robert McG.]]: "[https://www.nytimes.com/1981/03/17/nyregion/notes-on-people-kennan-wins-peace-prize.html NOTES ON PEOPLE; Kennan Wins Peace Prize]" in [[The New York Times]] March 17, 1981. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
  11. (May 1981). "Recipient of the second Albert Einstein Peace Prize". Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc..
  12. (2013-04-23). "A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race: Weapons, Strategy, and Politics". ABC-CLIO.
  13. (June 1988). "William Swartz; 1912–1987". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
  14. (October 2, 1982). "Briefing: How High Is High?". The New York Times.
  15. (October 8, 1982). "McNamara Urges Shift In U.S. Atomic Strategy". The New York Times.
  16. Bernardin, Joseph. (February 1984). "Pacem in terris: twenty years later". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
  17. Whitaker, Reg. (2 June 2017). "Pierre Elliott Trudeau". [[Historica Canada]].
  18. (1984). "The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1985". Newspaper Enterprise Association, Inc..
  19. link. (2007-03-11 " in [[The New York Times]] October 4, 1985. Retrieved June 6, 2006.)
  20. (September 30, 1986). "Palme honoured". Ottawa Citizen.
  21. ROSENTHAL, ANDREW. (June 2, 1990). "Summit in Washington; Bush and Gorbachev sign major accords on missiles, chemical weapons and trade". The New York Times.
  22. [http://www.pugwash.org/about/history.htm Pugwash Online]. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
  23. (December 1992). "Einstein Peace Prize Award". Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc..
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