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Adipokine

Type of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue

Type of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue

The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek adipo-, fat; cytos-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue. Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome, a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. The first adipokine to be discovered was leptin in 1994. Since that time, hundreds of adipokines have been discovered.

Members include:

  • Leptin
  • Adiponectin
  • Apelin
  • chemerin
  • interleukin-6 (IL-6)
  • monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)
  • plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
  • retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)
  • tumor necrosis factor
  • visfatin
  • omentin
  • vaspin (SERPINA12)
  • progranulin
  • CTRP-4

Interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10) have been shown to be associated with excessive body weight.

Notes

References

  1. (May 2016). "The role of adipokines in chronic inflammation". ImmunoTargets and Therapy.
  2. (2011). "Adipokines: BioFactors from white adipose tissue. A complex hub among inflammation, metabolism, and immunity". BioFactors.
  3. (2012). "Adipokines: a treasure trove for the discovery of biomarkers for metabolic disorders". Proteomics: Clinical Applications.
  4. Guo L, Li Q, Wang W, Yu P, Pan H, Li P, Sun Y, Zhang J. Endocr Res. 2009; 34(4):142–154.
  5. MacDougald1, Ormond A. and Burant, Charles F. (September 2007) "The Rapidly Expanding Family of Adipokines" ''Cell Metabolism'' 6: pp. 159–161
  6. Monzillo, Lais U. (2003) "Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Adipokine Levels in Obese Subjects with Insulin Resistance" ''Obesity Research'' 11(9): pp. 1048–1054
  7. Christiansen T., Richelsen B., and Bruun J.M. (2005) "Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is produced in isolated adipocytes, associated with adiposity and reduced after weight loss in morbid obese subjects" ''International Journal of Obesity'' 29: pp. 146–150
  8. (2021). "Metabolic Messengers: tumour necrosis factor". [[List of Nature Research journals#N.
  9. Sharabiani, MT. (May 2011). "Immunologic profile of excessive body weight". Biomarkers.
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