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Adenosine diphosphate ribose

ADPR Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose

Adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is an ester molecule formed into chains by the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase. ADPR is created from cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) by the CD38 enzyme using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a cofactor.

ADPR binds to and activates the TRPM2 ion channel. ADPR is the most potent agonist of the TRPM2 channel. cADPR also binds to TPRM2, and the action of both molecules is synergistic, with both molecules enhancing the action of the other molecule in activating the TRPM2 channel. Researchers are not sure how the Adenosine diphosphate reacts with the TRPM2 channel, but the ribose sugar may play a role in activating the TRPM2 ion channel.

Researchers believe that co-targeting DNA-dependent protein kinase and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase-1 does not promote apoptosis or mitotic catastrophe of cancer cells after radiation.

References

References

  1. (2019). "Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and Related Precursors as Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Degenerative Diseases: Rationale, Biochemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Outcomes". [[Antioxidants & Redox Signaling]].
  2. (September 2004). "TRPM2 channel opening in response to oxidative stress is dependent on activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase". Br. J. Pharmacol..
  3. (2019). "Roles of NAD + and Its Metabolites Regulated Calcium Channels in Cancer". [[Molecules]].
  4. Lee HC. (2011). "Cyclic ADP-ribose and NAADP: fraternal twin messengers for calcium signaling". Science China Life Sciences.
  5. (2019). "Synthesis of Terminal Ribose Analogues of Adenosine 5′-Diphosphate Ribose as Probes for the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel TRPM2". The Journal of Organic Chemistry.
  6. (2014-02-01). "Co-targeting Deoxyribonucleic Acid–Dependent Protein Kinase and Poly(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Promotes Accelerated Senescence of Irradiated Cancer Cells". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics.
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nucleotides organophosphates nadh-dehydrogenase-inhibitors
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