8 Flora

Discovery and naming

Flora was discovered by J. R. Hind on 18 October 1847. It was his second asteroid discovery after 7 Iris.

The name Flora was proposed by John Herschel, from Flora, the Latin goddess of flowers and gardens, wife of Zephyrus (the personification of the West wind), and mother of Spring. The Greek equivalent is Chloris, who has her own asteroid, 410 Chloris, but in Greek 8 Flora is also called 8 Chloris (8 Χλωρίς).

The old iconic symbol for 8 Flora has been variously rendered as [[File:Flora symbol (fixed width).svg|12px|class=skin-invert]], [[File:Flora symbol (simple, fixed width).svg|12px|class=skin-invert]], etc. It was added to Unicode 17.0 as U+1CEC2 𜻂 ([[File:Flora symbol (fixed width).svg|12px|class=skin-invert]]).{{cite web | access-date = September 9, 2025

Characteristics

Lightcurve analysis indicates that Flora's pole points towards ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (16°, 160°) with a 10° uncertainty. This gives an axial tilt of 78°, plus or minus ten degrees.

Flora is the parent body of the Flora family of asteroids, and by far the largest member, comprising about 80% of the total mass of this family. Nevertheless, Flora was almost certainly disrupted by the impact(s) that formed the family, and is probably a gravitational aggregate of most of the pieces.

Flora's spectrum indicates that its surface composition is a mixture of silicate rock (including pyroxene and olivine) and nickel-iron metal. Flora, and the whole Flora family generally, are good candidates for being the parent bodies of the L chondrite meteorites. This meteorite type comprises 35% of meteorites impacting the Earth.

Observational history

During an observation on 25 March 1917, 8 Flora was mistaken for the 15th-magnitude star TU Leonis, which led to that star's classification as a U Geminorum cataclysmic variable star. Flora had come to opposition on 1917 February 13, 40 days earlier. This mistake was uncovered only in 1995.{{cite journal| bibcode=1996A&A...312..496S| title=TU Leonis = (8) Flora: the non-existence of a U Geminorum star| last=Schmadel| first=L. D.|author2= Schmeer, P.|author3= Börngen, F.| journal=Astron. Astrophys.| volume= 312| pages= 496|date=August 1996}}

On 26 July 2013, Flora at magnitude 8.8 occulted the star 2UCAC 22807162 over parts of South America, Africa, and Asia.

Notes

References

References

1. P. Vernazza et al. (2021) VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis. ''Astronomy & Astrophysics'' 54, A56
2. 
   {{val. 6.62. 0.84. {{val. 3.33. 0.42
3. Binsel, Richard P.; Gehrels, Tom and Matthews, Mildred Shapley (editors); ''Asteroids II''; published 1989 by University of Arizona Press; pp. 1038-1040. {{ISBN. 0-8165-1123-3
4. "JAS: The Brightest Asteroids".
5. (18 September 2023). "Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols". Unicode.
6. Nesvorný, D.. (2002). "The Flora Family: A Case of the Dynamically Dispersed Collisional Swarm?". Icarus.
7. (2022). "The Catalogue of Meteorites". Natural History Museum.
8. "IAUC 6174".
9. "(8) Flora / 2UCAC 22807162 event on 2013 Jul 26, 00:18 UT".
10. Donald H. Menzel. (1983). "A Field Guide to the Stars and Planets". [[Houghton Mifflin]].