78th United States Congress

Major events

Main article: 1943 in the United States, 1944 in the United States, 1945 in the United States

• World War II continued (1941–1945)
• June 6, 1944: Battle of Normandy
• November 7, 1944: General elections:
  • President Roosevelt was re-elected to a fourth term.
  • Senate Democrats kept their majority despite 1-seat net loss.
  • House Democrats increased their majority with a 20-seat net gain.

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation#78th United States Congress

• December 17, 1943: Magnuson Act (Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act of 1943), Sess. 1, ch. 344,
• February 3, 1944: Mustering-out Payment Act, Sess. 2, ,
• June 6, 1944: Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 (G.I. Bill), Sess. 2, ch. 268, ,
• June 27, 1944: Veterans' Preference Act, Sess. 2, ch. 287, ,
• July 1, 1944: Public Health Service Act, Sess. 2, ch. 373,
• Contract Settlement Act of 1944, , Sess. 2, an act to provide for the settlement of claims arising from terminated war contracts
• December 22, 1944: Pick-Sloan Flood Control Act, Sess. 2, ch. 665, ,

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leaders

Senate

• President: Henry A. Wallace (D)
• President pro tempore: Carter Glass (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: Alben W. Barkley
• Majority Whip: J. Lister Hill
• Democratic Caucus Secretary: Francis T. Maloney

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Charles L. McNary, until February 25, 1944
  • Wallace H. White Jr., after February 25, 1944
• Minority whip: No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization."
• Republican Conference Secretary: Wallace H. White Jr., until February 25, 1944
  • Harold Hitz Burton (from February 25, 1944)
• National Senatorial Committee Chair: John G. Townsend Jr.

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: John W. McCormack
• Majority whip: Robert Ramspeck
• Democratic Caucus Chairman: Harry R. Sheppard
• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Patrick H. Drewry

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Joseph W. Martin Jr.
• Minority whip: Harry Lane Englebright, until May 13, 1943
  • Leslie C. Arends, from May 13, 1943
• Republican Conference Chairman: Roy O. Woodruff
• Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Charles A. Halleck

Members

Senate

Main article: List of United States senators in the 78th Congress

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1944; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1946; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1948.

[[List of United States senators from Alabama|Alabama]]

: 2. John H. Bankhead II (D) : 3. J. Lister Hill (D)

[[List of United States senators from Arizona|Arizona]]

: 1. Ernest McFarland (D) : 3. Carl Hayden (D)

[[List of United States senators from Arkansas|Arkansas]]

: 2. John L. McClellan (D) : 3. Hattie Caraway (D)

[[List of United States senators from California|California]]

: 1. Hiram W. Johnson (R) : 3. Sheridan Downey (D)

[[List of United States senators from Colorado|Colorado]]

: 2. Edwin C. Johnson (D) : 3. Eugene Millikin (R)

[[List of United States senators from Connecticut|Connecticut]]

: 1. Francis T. Maloney (D) : 3. John A. Danaher (R)

[[List of United States senators from Delaware|Delaware]]

: 1. James M. Tunnell (D) : 2. C. Douglass Buck (R)

[[List of United States senators from Florida|Florida]]

: 1. Charles O. Andrews (D) : 3. Claude Pepper (D)

[[List of United States senators from Georgia|Georgia]]

: 2. Richard Russell Jr. (D) : 3. Walter F. George (D)

[[List of United States senators from Idaho|Idaho]]

: 2. John Thomas (R) : 3. D. Worth Clark (D)

[[List of United States senators from Illinois|Illinois]]

: 2. Charles W. Brooks (R) : 3. Scott W. Lucas (D)

[[List of United States senators from Indiana|Indiana]]

: 1. Raymond E. Willis (R) : 3. Frederick Van Nuys (D), until January 25, 1944 :: Samuel D. Jackson (D), January 28, 1944 – November 13, 1944 :: William E. Jenner (R), from November 14, 1944

[[List of United States senators from Iowa|Iowa]]

: 2. George A. Wilson (R) : 3. Guy M. Gillette (D)

[[List of United States senators from Kansas|Kansas]]

: 2. Arthur Capper (R) : 3. Clyde M. Reed (R)

[[List of United States senators from Kentucky|Kentucky]]

: 2. Happy Chandler (D) : 3. Alben Barkley (D)

[[List of United States senators from Louisiana|Louisiana]]

: 2. Allen J. Ellender (D) : 3. John H. Overton (D)

[[List of United States senators from Maine|Maine]]

: 1. Ralph Owen Brewster (R) : 2. Wallace H. White Jr. (R)

[[List of United States senators from Maryland|Maryland]]

: 1. George L. P. Radcliffe (D) : 3. Millard Tydings (D)

[[List of United States senators from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]

: 1. David I. Walsh (D) : 2. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R), until February 3, 1944 :: Sinclair Weeks (R), February 8, 1944 – December 19, 1944 :: Leverett Saltonstall (R), from December 19, 1944

[[List of United States senators from Michigan|Michigan]]

: 1. Arthur H. Vandenberg (R) : 2. Homer S. Ferguson (R)

[[List of United States senators from Minnesota|Minnesota]]

: 1. Henrik Shipstead (R) : 2. Joseph H. Ball (R)

[[List of United States senators from Mississippi|Mississippi]]

: 1. Theodore G. Bilbo (D) : 2. James Eastland (D)

[[List of United States senators from Missouri|Missouri]]

: 1. Harry S. Truman (D) : 3. Bennett Champ Clark (D)

[[List of United States senators from Montana|Montana]]

: 1. Burton K. Wheeler (D) : 2. James E. Murray (D)

[[List of United States senators from Nebraska|Nebraska]]

: 1. Hugh A. Butler (R) : 2. Kenneth S. Wherry (R)

[[List of United States senators from Nevada|Nevada]]

: 1. James G. Scrugham (D) : 3. Patrick A. McCarran (D)

[[List of United States senators from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]

: 2. Styles Bridges (R) : 3. Charles W. Tobey (R)

[[List of United States senators from New Jersey|New Jersey]]

: 1. William Warren Barbour (R), until November 22, 1943 :: Arthur Walsh (D), November 26, 1943 – December 7, 1944 :: Howard Alexander Smith (R), from December 7, 1944 : 2. Albert W. Hawkes (R)

[[List of United States senators from New Mexico|New Mexico]]

: 1. Dennis Chávez (D) : 2. Carl Hatch (D)

[[List of United States senators from New York|New York]]

: 1. James M. Mead (D) : 3. Robert F. Wagner (D)

[[List of United States senators from North Carolina|North Carolina]]

: 2. Josiah William Bailey (D) : 3. Robert R. Reynolds (D)

[[List of United States senators from North Dakota|North Dakota]]

: 1. William Langer (R-NPL) : 3. Gerald Nye (R)

[[List of United States senators from Ohio|Ohio]]

: 1. Harold Hitz Burton (R) : 3. Robert A. Taft (R)

[[List of United States senators from Oklahoma|Oklahoma]]

: 2. Edward H. Moore (R) : 3. Elmer Thomas (D)

[[List of United States senators from Oregon|Oregon]]

: 2. Charles L. McNary (R), until February 25, 1944 :: Guy Cordon (R), from March 4, 1944 : 3. Rufus C. Holman (R)

[[List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]

: 1. Joseph F. Guffey (D) : 3. James J. Davis (R)

[[List of United States senators from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]

: 1. Peter G. Gerry (D) : 2. Theodore F. Green (D)

[[List of United States senators from South Carolina|South Carolina]]

: 2. Burnet R. Maybank (D) : 3. Ellison D. Smith (D), until November 17, 1944 :: Wilton E. Hall (D), from November 20, 1944

[[List of United States senators from South Dakota|South Dakota]]

: 2. Harlan J. Bushfield (R) : 3. John Chandler Gurney (R)

[[List of United States senators from Tennessee|Tennessee]]

: 1. Kenneth McKellar (D) : 2. Tom Stewart (D)

[[List of United States senators from Texas|Texas]]

: 1. Tom T. Connally (D) : 2. W. Lee O'Daniel (D)

[[List of United States senators from Utah|Utah]]

: 1. Abe Murdock (D) : 3. Elbert D. Thomas (D)

[[List of United States senators from Vermont|Vermont]]

: 1. Warren Austin (R) : 3. George Aiken (R)

[[List of United States senators from Virginia|Virginia]]

: 1. Harry F. Byrd (D) : 2. Carter Glass (D)

[[List of United States senators from Washington|Washington]]

: 1. Monrad Wallgren (D) : 3. Homer Bone (D), until November 13, 1944 :: Warren G. Magnuson (D), from December 14, 1944

[[List of United States senators from West Virginia|West Virginia]]

: 1. Harley M. Kilgore (D) : 2. Chapman Revercomb (R)

[[List of United States senators from Wisconsin|Wisconsin]]

: 1. Robert M. La Follette Jr. (P) : 3. Alexander Wiley (R)

[[List of United States senators from Wyoming|Wyoming]]

: 1. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) : 2. Edward V. Robertson (R)

]]

House of Representatives

Main article: List of United States representatives in the 78th Congress

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

[[List of United States representatives from Alabama|Alabama]]

: . Frank W. Boykin (D) : . George M. Grant (D) : . Henry B. Steagall (D), until November 22, 1943 :: George W. Andrews (D), from March 14, 1944 : . Sam Hobbs (D) : . Joe Starnes (D) : . Pete Jarman (D) : . Carter Manasco (D) : . John J. Sparkman (D) : . John P. Newsome (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Arizona|Arizona]]

: . John R. Murdock (D) : . Richard F. Harless (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Arkansas|Arkansas]]

: . Ezekiel C. Gathings (D) : . Wilbur Mills (D) : . J. William Fulbright (D) : . William Fadjo Cravens (D) : . Brooks Hays (D) : . William F. Norrell (D) : . Oren Harris (D)

[[List of United States representatives from California|California]]

: . Clarence F. Lea (D) : . Harry L. Englebright (R), until May 13, 1943 :: Clair Engle (D), from August 31, 1943 : . J. Leroy Johnson (R) : . Thomas Rolph (R) : . Richard J. Welch (R) : . Albert E. Carter (R) : . John H. Tolan (D) : . Jack Z. Anderson (R) : . Bertrand W. Gearhart (R) : . Alfred J. Elliott (D) : . George E. Outland (D) : . Jerry Voorhis (D) : . Norris Poulson (R) : . Thomas F. Ford (D) : . John M. Costello (D) : . Will Rogers Jr. (D), until May 23, 1944 : . Cecil R. King (D) : . William Ward Johnson (R) : . Chester E. Holifield (D) : . John Carl Hinshaw (R) : . Harry R. Sheppard (D) : . John R. Phillips (R) : . Edouard V. M. Izac (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Colorado|Colorado]]

: . Lawrence Lewis (D), until December 9, 1943 :: Dean M. Gillespie (R), from March 7, 1944 : . William S. Hill (R) : . John Chenoweth (R) : . Robert F. Rockwell (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Connecticut|Connecticut]]

: . William J. Miller (R) : . John D. McWilliams (R) : . Ranulf Compton (R) : . Clare Boothe Luce (R) : . Joseph E. Talbot (R) : . B. J. Monkiewicz (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Delaware|Delaware]]

: . Earle D. Willey (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Florida|Florida]]

: . J. Hardin Peterson (D) : . Emory H. Price (D) : . Robert L. F. Sikes (D), until October 19, 1944 : . Pat Cannon (D) : . Joe Hendricks (D) : . Robert A. Green (D), until November 25, 1944

[[List of United States representatives from Georgia|Georgia]]

: . Hugh Peterson (D) : . Edward E. Cox (D) : . Stephen Pace (D) : . Albert Sidney Camp (D) : . Robert Ramspeck (D) : . Carl Vinson (D) : . Malcolm C. Tarver (D) : . John S. Gibson (D) : . B. Frank Whelchel (D) : . Paul Brown (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Idaho|Idaho]]

: . Compton I. White (D) : . Henry Dworshak (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Illinois|Illinois]]

: . William L. Dawson (D) : . William A. Rowan (D) : . Fred E. Busbey (R) : . Martin Gorski (D) : . Adolph J. Sabath (D) : . Thomas J. O'Brien (D) : . Leonard W. Schuetz (D), until February 13, 1944 : . Thomas S. Gordon (D) : . Charles S. Dewey (R) : . Ralph E. Church (R) : . Chauncey W. Reed (R) : . Noah M. Mason (R) : . Leo E. Allen (R) : . Anton J. Johnson (R) : . Robert B. Chiperfield (R) : . Everett M. Dirksen (R) : . Leslie C. Arends (R) : . Jessie Sumner (R) : . William H. Wheat (R), until January 16, 1944 :: Rolla C. McMillen (R), from June 13, 1944 : . Sid Simpson (R) : . George Evan Howell (R) : . Calvin D. Johnson (R) : . Charles W. Vursell (R) : . James V. Heidinger (R) : . C. W. Bishop (R) : . Stephen A. Day (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Indiana|Indiana]]

: . Ray Madden (D) : . Charles A. Halleck (R) : . Robert A. Grant (R) : . George W. Gillie (R) : . Forest Harness (R) : . Noble J. Johnson (R) : . Gerald W. Landis (R) : . Charles M. La Follette (R) : . Earl Wilson (R) : . Raymond S. Springer (R) : . Louis Ludlow (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Iowa|Iowa]]

: . Thomas E. Martin (R) : . Henry O. Talle (R) : . John W. Gwynne (R) : . Karl M. LeCompte (R) : . Paul H. Cunningham (R) : . Fred C. Gilchrist (R) : . Ben F. Jensen (R) : . Charles B. Hoeven (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Kansas|Kansas]]

: . William P. Lambertson (R) : . Ulysses S. Guyer (R), until June 5, 1943 :: Errett P. Scrivner (R), from September 14, 1943 : . Thomas Daniel Winter (R) : . Edward Herbert Rees (R) : . Clifford R. Hope (R) : . Frank Carlson (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Kentucky|Kentucky]]

: . Noble J. Gregory (D) : . Beverly M. Vincent (D) : . Emmet O'Neal (D) : . Edward W. Creal (D), until October 13, 1943 :: Chester O. Carrier (R), from November 30, 1943 : . Brent Spence (D) : . Virgil Chapman (D) : . Andrew J. May (D) : . Joe B. Bates (D) : . John M. Robsion (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Louisiana|Louisiana]]

: . F. Edward Hébert (D) : . Paul H. Maloney (D) : . James R. Domengeaux (D), until April 15, 1944 :: . James R. Domengeaux (D), from November 7, 1944 : . Overton Brooks (D) : . Charles E. McKenzie (D) : . James H. Morrison (D) : . Henry D. Larcade Jr. (D) : . A. Leonard Allen (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Maine|Maine]]

: . Robert Hale (R) : . Margaret Chase Smith (R) : . Frank Fellows (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Maryland|Maryland]]

: . David Jenkins Ward (D) : . Harry Streett Baldwin (D) : . Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. (D) : . Daniel Ellison (R) : . Lansdale G. Sasscer (D) : . James Glenn Beall (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]

: . Allen T. Treadway (R) : . Charles Clason (R) : . Philip J. Philbin (D) : . Pehr G. Holmes (R) : . Edith Nourse Rogers (R) : . George J. Bates (R) : . Thomas J. Lane (D) : . Angier Goodwin (R) : . Charles L. Gifford (R) : . Christian Herter (R) : . James Michael Curley (D) : . John W. McCormack (D) : . Richard B. Wigglesworth (R) : . Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Michigan|Michigan]]

: . George G. Sadowski (D) : . Earl C. Michener (R) : . Paul W. Shafer (R) : . Clare E. Hoffman (R) : . Bartel J. Jonkman (R) : . William W. Blackney (R) : . Jesse P. Wolcott (R) : . Fred L. Crawford (R) : . Albert J. Engel (R) : . Roy O. Woodruff (R) : . Fred Bradley (R) : . John B. Bennett (R) : . George D. O'Brien (D) : . Louis C. Rabaut (D) : . John D. Dingell Sr. (D) : . John Lesinski Sr. (D) : . George A. Dondero (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Minnesota|Minnesota]]

: . August H. Andresen (R) : . Joseph P. O'Hara (R) : . Richard Pillsbury Gale (R) : . Melvin Maas (R) : . Walter Judd (R) : . Harold Knutson (R) : . Herman Carl Andersen (R) : . William Pittenger (R) : . Harold Hagen (FL), changed to (R) on April 15, 1944

[[List of United States representatives from Mississippi|Mississippi]]

: . John E. Rankin (D) : . Jamie L. Whitten (D) : . William M. Whittington (D) : . Thomas Abernethy (D) : . W. Arthur Winstead (D) : . William M. Colmer (D) : . Dan R. McGehee (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Missouri|Missouri]]

: . Samuel W. Arnold (R) : . Max Schwabe (R) : . William Clay Cole (R) : . C. Jasper Bell (D) : . Roger C. Slaughter (D) : . Marion T. Bennett (R), from January 12, 1943 : . Dewey Short (R) : . William P. Elmer (R) : . Clarence Cannon (D) : . Orville Zimmerman (D) : . Louis E. Miller (R) : . Walter C. Ploeser (R) : . John J. Cochran (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Montana|Montana]]

: . Mike Mansfield (D) : . James F. O'Connor (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Nebraska|Nebraska]]

: . Carl Curtis (R) : . Howard Buffett (R) : . Karl Stefan (R) : . Arthur L. Miller (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Nevada|Nevada]]

: . Maurice J. Sullivan (D)

[[List of United States representatives from New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]

: . Chester Earl Merrow (R) : . Foster Waterman Stearns (R)

[[List of United States representatives from New Jersey|New Jersey]]

: . Charles A. Wolverton (R) : . Elmer H. Wene (D) : . James C. Auchincloss (R) : . D. Lane Powers (R) : . Charles A. Eaton (R) : . Donald H. McLean (R) : . J. Parnell Thomas (R) : . Gordon Canfield (R) : . Harry L. Towe (R) : . Fred A. Hartley Jr. (R) : . Frank Sundstrom (R) : . Robert Kean (R) : . Mary T. Norton (D) : . Edward J. Hart (D)

[[List of United States representatives from New Mexico|New Mexico]]

: . Clinton P. Anderson (D) : . Antonio M. Fernández (D)

[[List of United States representatives from New York|New York]]

: . Leonard W. Hall (R) : . William B. Barry (D) : . Joseph L. Pfeifer (D) : . Thomas H. Cullen (D), until March 1, 1944 :: John J. Rooney (D), from June 6, 1944 : . James J. Heffernan (D) : . Andrew L. Somers (D) : . John J. Delaney (D) : . Donald L. O'Toole (D) : . Eugene J. Keogh (D) : . Emanuel Celler (D) : . James A. O'Leary (D), until March 16, 1944 :: Ellsworth B. Buck (R), from June 6, 1944 : . Samuel Dickstein (D) : . Louis Capozzoli (D) : . Arthur George Klein (D) : . Thomas F. Burchill (D) : . James H. Fay (D) : . Joseph C. Baldwin (R) : . Martin J. Kennedy (D) : . Sol Bloom (D) : . Vito Marcantonio (AL) : . Joseph A. Gavagan (D), until December 30, 1943 :: James H. Torrens (D), from February 29, 1944 : . Walter A. Lynch (D) : . Charles A. Buckley (D) : . James M. Fitzpatrick (D) : . Ralph A. Gamble (R) : . Hamilton Fish III (R) : . Jay Le Fevre (R) : . William T. Byrne (D) : . Dean P. Taylor (R) : . Bernard W. Kearney (R) : . Clarence E. Kilburn (R) : . Francis D. Culkin (R), until August 4, 1943 :: Hadwen C. Fuller (R), from November 2, 1943 : . Fred J. Douglas (R) : . Edwin Arthur Hall (R) : . Clarence E. Hancock (R) : . John Taber (R) : . W. Sterling Cole (R) : . Joseph J. O'Brien (R) : . James W. Wadsworth Jr. (R) : . Walter G. Andrews (R) : . Joseph Mruk (R) : . John Cornelius Butler (R) : . Daniel A. Reed (R) : . Matthew J. Merritt (D) : . Winifred C. Stanley (R)

[[List of United States representatives from North Carolina|North Carolina]]

: . Herbert Covington Bonner (D) : . John H. Kerr (D) : . Graham A. Barden (D) : . Harold D. Cooley (D) : . John Hamlin Folger (D) : . Carl T. Durham (D) : . J. Bayard Clark (D) : . William O. Burgin (D) : . Robert L. Doughton (D) : . Cameron A. Morrison (D) : . Alfred L. Bulwinkle (D) : . Zebulon Weaver (D)

[[List of United States representatives from North Dakota|North Dakota]]

: . William Lemke (R-NPL) : . Usher L. Burdick (R-NPL)

[[List of United States representatives from Ohio|Ohio]]

: . Charles H. Elston (R) : . William E. Hess (R) : . Harry P. Jeffrey (R) : . Robert Franklin Jones (R) : . Cliff Clevenger (R) : . Edward O. McCowen (R) : . Clarence J. Brown (R) : . Frederick Cleveland Smith (R) : . Homer A. Ramey (R) : . Thomas A. Jenkins (R) : . Walter E. Brehm (R) : . John M. Vorys (R) : . Alvin F. Weichel (R) : . Edmund Rowe (R) : . Percy W. Griffiths (R) : . Henderson H. Carson (R) : . J. Harry McGregor (R) : . Earl R. Lewis (R) : . Michael J. Kirwan (D) : . Michael A. Feighan (D) : . Robert Crosser (D) : . Frances P. Bolton (R) : . George H. Bender (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Oklahoma|Oklahoma]]

: . Wesley E. Disney (D) : . John Conover Nichols (D), until July 3, 1943 :: William G. Stigler (D), from March 28, 1944 : . Paul Stewart (D) : . Lyle Boren (D) : . A. S. Mike Monroney (D) : . Jed J. Johnson (D) : . Victor Wickersham (D) : . Ross Rizley (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Oregon|Oregon]]

: . James W. Mott (R) : . Lowell Stockman (R) : . Homer D. Angell (R) : . Harris Ellsworth (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]

: . James A. Gallagher (R) : . James P. McGranery (D), until November 17, 1943 :: Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R), from January 18, 1944 : . Michael J. Bradley (D) : . John E. Sheridan (D) : . C. Frederick Pracht (R) : . Francis J. Myers (D) : . Hugh Scott (R) : . James Wolfenden (R) : . Charles L. Gerlach (R) : . J. Roland Kinzer (R) : . John W. Murphy (D) : . Thomas B. Miller (R) : . Ivor D. Fenton (R) : . Daniel K. Hoch (D) : . Wilson D. Gillette (R) : . Thomas E. Scanlon (D) : . J. William Ditter (R), until November 21, 1943 :: Samuel K. McConnell Jr. (R), from January 18, 1944 : . Richard M. Simpson (R) : . John C. Kunkel (R) : . Leon H. Gavin (R) : . Francis E. Walter (D) : . Chester H. Gross (R) : . James E. Van Zandt (R), until September 24, 1943 :: D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R), from November 2, 1943 : . J. Buell Snyder (D) : . Grant Furlong (D) : . Louis E. Graham (R) : . Harve Tibbott (R) : . Augustine B. Kelley (D) : . Robert L. Rodgers (R) : . Samuel A. Weiss (D) : . Herman P. Eberharter (D) : . James A. Wright (D) : . William I. Troutman (R), until January 2, 1945

[[List of United States representatives from Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]

: . Aime Forand (D) : . John E. Fogarty (D), until December 7, 1944

[[List of United States representatives from South Carolina|South Carolina]]

: . L. Mendel Rivers (D) : . Hampton P. Fulmer (D), until October 19, 1944 :: Willa L. Fulmer (D), from November 7, 1944 : . Butler B. Hare (D) : . Joseph R. Bryson (D) : . James P. Richards (D) : . John L. McMillan (D)

[[List of United States representatives from South Dakota|South Dakota]]

: . Karl E. Mundt (R) : . Francis Case (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Tennessee|Tennessee]]

: . B. Carroll Reece (R) : . John Jennings Jr. (R) : . Estes Kefauver (D) : . Albert Gore Sr. (D), until December 4, 1944 : . Jim Nance McCord (D) : . Percy Priest (D) : . W. Wirt Courtney (D) : . Tom J. Murray (D) : . Jere Cooper (D) : . Clifford Davis (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Texas|Texas]]

: . Wright Patman (D) : . Martin Dies Jr. (D) : . Lindley Beckworth (D) : . Sam Rayburn (D) : . Hatton W. Sumners (D) : . Luther Alexander Johnson (D) : . Nat Patton (D) : . Albert Thomas (D) : . Joseph J. Mansfield (D) : . Lyndon B. Johnson (D) : . William R. Poage (D) : . Fritz G. Lanham (D) : . Ed Gossett (D) : . Richard M. Kleberg (D) : . Milton H. West (D) : . R. Ewing Thomason (D) : . Sam M. Russell (D) : . Eugene Worley (D) : . George H. Mahon (D) : . Paul J. Kilday (D) : . O. C. Fisher (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Utah|Utah]]

: . Walter K. Granger (D) : . J. W. Robinson (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Vermont|Vermont]]

: . Charles A. Plumley (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Virginia|Virginia]]

: . S. Otis Bland (D) : . Winder R. Harris (D), until September 15, 1944 :: Ralph Hunter Daughton (D), from November 7, 1944 : . Dave E. Satterfield Jr. (D) : . Patrick H. Drewry (D) : . Thomas G. Burch (D) : . Clifton A. Woodrum (D) : . A. Willis Robertson (D) : . Howard W. Smith (D) : . John W. Flannagan Jr. (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Washington|Washington]]

: . Warren G. Magnuson (D), until December 14, 1944 : . Henry M. Jackson (D) : . Fred B. Norman (R) : . Hal Holmes (R) : . Walt Horan (R) : . John M. Coffee (D)

[[List of United States representatives from West Virginia|West Virginia]]

: . A. C. Schiffler (R) : . Jennings Randolph (D) : . Edward G. Rohrbough (R) : . Hubert S. Ellis (R) : . John Kee (D) : . Joe L. Smith (D)

[[List of United States representatives from Wisconsin|Wisconsin]]

: . Lawrence H. Smith (R) : . Harry Sauthoff (P) : . William H. Stevenson (R) : . Thad F. Wasielewski (D) : . Howard J. McMurray (D) : . Frank Bateman Keefe (R) : . Reid F. Murray (R) : . LaVern Dilweg (D) : . Merlin Hull (P) : . Alvin O'Konski (R)

[[List of United States representatives from Wyoming|Wyoming]]

: . Frank A. Barrett (R)

Non-voting members

: . Anthony Dimond (D) : . Joseph Rider Farrington (R) : . Joaquín Miguel Elizalde (I), until August 9, 1944 :: Carlos P. Romulo (Lib.), from August 10, 1944 : . Bolívar Pagán (Socialist)

Changes in membership

Senate

SORT by the date the seat became vacant

|- | New Jersey (1) | nowrap | William Warren Barbour (R) | Died November 22, 1943. Successor was appointed until an election. | nowrap | Arthur Walsh (D) | November 26, 1943

|- | Indiana (3) | nowrap | Frederick Van Nuys (D) | Died January 25, 1944. Successor was appointed until an election. | nowrap | Samuel D. Jackson (D) | January 28, 1944

|- | Massachusetts (2) | nowrap | Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R) | Resigned February 3, 1944, to go on active duty in the US Army. Successor was appointed until a special election. | nowrap | Sinclair Weeks (R) | February 8, 1944

|- | Oregon (2) | nowrap | Charles L. McNary (R) | Died February 25, 1944. Successor was appointed and subsequently won special election | nowrap | Guy Cordon (R) | March 4, 1944

|- | Washington (3) | nowrap | Homer Bone (D) | Resigned November 13, 1944, to become Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. Successor was appointed to finish the term, having just been elected to the next term. | nowrap | Warren Magnuson (D) | December 14, 1944

|- | Indiana (3) | nowrap | Samuel D. Jackson (D) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected. | nowrap | William E. Jenner (R) | November 7, 1944

|- | South Carolina (3) | nowrap | Ellison D. Smith (D) | Died November 17, 1944. | nowrap | Wilton E. Hall (D) | November 20, 1944

|- | New Jersey (1) | nowrap | Arthur Walsh (D) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected. | nowrap | Howard Alexander Smith (R) | December 7, 1944

|- | Massachusetts (2) | nowrap | Sinclair Weeks (R) | Appointee was not a candidate to finish the term. Successor was elected. Successor chose not to take the seat until the next Congress, but was nevertheless duly elected and qualified. | nowrap | Leverett Saltonstall (R) | January 4, 1945

|}

House of Representatives

Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy

--

|- | | Vacant | | Marion T. Bennett (R)

| | | Harry L. Englebright (R) | | Clair Engle (D)

| | | Ulysses S. Guyer (R) | | Errett P. Scrivner (R)

| | | John C. Nichols (D) | | William G. Stigler (D)

| | | Francis D. Culkin (R) | | Hadwen C. Fuller (R)

| | | James E. Van Zandt (R) | | D. Emmert Brumbaugh (R)

| | | Edward W. Creal (D) | | Chester O. Carrier (R)

| | | James P. McGranery (D) | | Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (R) |- | | | J. William Ditter (R) | | Samuel K. McConnell Jr. (R) |- | | | Henry B. Steagall (D) | | George W. Andrews (D)

| | | Lawrence Lewis (D) | | Dean M. Gillespie (R)

| | | Joseph A. Gavagan (D) | | James H. Torrens (D)

| | | William H. Wheat (R) | | Rolla C. McMillen (R)

| | | Leonard W. Schuetz (D) |- | | | Thomas H. Cullen (D) | | John J. Rooney (D)

| | | James A. O'Leary (D) | | Ellsworth B. Buck (R)

| | | James Domengeaux (D) | | James Domengeaux (D)

| | | Harold Hagen (FL) | | Harold Hagen (R)

| | | Will Rogers Jr. (D) |- | | Joaquín Miguel Elizalde | Carlos P. Romulo

| | | Winder R. Harris (D) | | Ralph Hunter Daughton (D)

| | | Robert L. F. Sikes (D) |- | | | Hampton P. Fulmer (D) | | Willa L. Fulmer (D)

| | | Robert A. Green (D) |- | | | Albert Gore Sr. (D) |- | | | John E. Fogarty (D) |- | | | Warren Magnuson (D) |- | | | William I. Troutman (R) |}

Committees

Senate

• Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: Ellison D. Smith; Ranking Member: Charles L. McNary then Arthur Capper)
• Appropriations (Chairman: Carter Glass; Ranking Member: Gerald P. Nye)
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Scott W. Lucas; Ranking Member: Charles W. Tobey)
• Banking and Currency (Chairman: Robert F. Wagner; Ranking Member: Charles W. Tobey)
• Campaign Expenditures Investigation, 1944 (Special) (Chairman: Theodore F. Green)
• Centralization of Heavy Industry in the United States (Select)
• Civil Service (Chairman: Sheridan Downey; Ranking Member: William Langer)
• Civil Service Laws (Special)
• Claims (Chairman: Allen J. Ellender; Ranking Member: Arthur Capper)
• Commerce (Chairman: Josiah W. Bailey; Ranking Member: Charles L. McNary)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: Pat McCarran; Ranking Member: Arthur Capper)
• Education and Labor (Chairman: Elbert D. Thomas; Ranking Member: Robert M. La Follette Jr.)
  • Wartime Health and Education
• Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Hattie W. Caraway; Ranking Member: Clyde M. Reed)
• Expenditures in Executive Departments (Chairman: J. Lister Hill; Ranking Member: James J. Davis)
• Finance (Chairman: Walter F. George; Ranking Member: Robert M. La Follette Jr.)
• Foreign Relations (Chairman: Tom Connally; Ranking Member: Hiram W. Johnson)
• Fuel Situation in the Middle West (Special)
• Gasoline and Fuel Oil Shortages (Special)
• Immigration (Chairman: Richard B. Russell; Ranking Member: Hiram W. Johnson)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: Elmer Thomas; Ranking Member: Robert M. La Follette Jr.)
• Interoceanic Canals (Chairman: Bennett Champ Clark; Ranking Member: Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.)
• Interstate Commerce (Chairman: Burton K. Wheeler; Ranking Member: Wallace H. White Jr.)
• Irrigation and Reclamation (Chairman: John H. Bankhead II; Ranking Member: Charles L. McNary then Hiram W. Johnson)
• Investigate the National Defense Program (Special)
• Judiciary (Chairman: Pat McCarran; Ranking Member: Warren R. Austin)
• Library (Chairman: Alben W. Barkley; Ranking Member: Charles L. McNary then Owen Brewster)
• Manufactures (Chairman: John H. Overton; Ranking Member: Robert M. La Follette Jr.)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: Robert R. Reynolds; Ranking Member: Warren R. Austin)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: Joseph F. Guffey; Ranking Member: James J. Davis)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: David I. Walsh; Ranking Member: James J. Davis)
• Patents (Chairman: Homer T. Bone; Ranking Member: Wallace H. White)
• Pensions (Chairman: James M. Tunnell; Ranking Member: Henrik Shipstead)
• Petroleum Resources (Special)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Kenneth McKellar; Ranking Member: James J. Davis)
• Post-War Economic Policy and Planning (Special) (Chairman: Walter F. George)
• Printing (Chairman: Carl Hayden; Ranking Member: William Langer)
• Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Theodore F. Green; Ranking Member: Warren R. Austin)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Francis Maloney; Ranking Member: W. Warren Barbour)
• Public Lands and Surveys (Chairman: Carl A. Hatch; Ranking Member: Gerald P. Nye)
• Rules (Chairman: Harry F. Byrd; Ranking Member: Arthur H. Vandenberg)
• Senatorial Campaign Expenditures (Special) (Chairman: Ernest W. McFarland)
• Small Business Enterprises (Special) (Chairman: James E. Murray)
• Territories and Insular Affairs (Chairman: Millard E. Tydings; Ranking Member: Gerald P. Nye)
• Whole
• Wildlife Resources (Special) (Chairman: Bennett Champ Clark)
• Wool Production (Special) (Chairman: Joseph C. O'Mahoney)

House of Representatives

• Accounts (Chairman: John J. Cochran; Ranking Member: James Wolfenden)
• Agriculture (Chairman: Hampton P. Fulmer; Ranking Member: Clifford R. Hope)
• Appropriations (Chairman: Clarence Cannon; Ranking Member: John Taber)
• Banking and Currency (Chairman: Brent Spence; Ranking Member: Jesse P. Wolcott)
• Census (Chairman: A. Leonard Allen; Ranking Member: J. Roland Kinzer)
• Civil Service (Chairman: Robert Ramspeck; Ranking Member: Edith Nourse Rogers)
• Claims (Chairman: Dan R. McGehee; Ranking Member: J. Parnell Thomas)
• Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Andrew Somers; Ranking Member: Chauncey W. Reed)
• Conservation of Wildlife Resources (Select) (Chairman: A. Willis Robertson)
• Disposition of Executive Papers (Chairman: Alfred J. Elliott; Ranking Member: Bertrand W. Gearhart)
• District of Columbia (Chairman: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: Everett M. Dirksen)
• Education (Chairman: Graham A. Barden; Ranking Member: George A. Dondero)
• Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress (Chairman: Eugene Worley; Ranking Member: Ralph A. Gamble)
• Elections No.#1 (Chairman: C. Jasper Bell; Ranking Member: Clarence E. Hancock)
• Elections No.#2 (Chairman: Ed Gossett; Ranking Member: Francis D. Culkin then Stephen A. Day)
• Elections No.#3 (Chairman: Hugh Peterson; Ranking Member: Charles A. Plumley)
• Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Arthur G. Klein; Ranking Member: Charles Aubrey Eaton)
• Expenditures in the Executive Departments (Chairman: Carter Manasco; Ranking Member: Charles L. Gifford)
• Flood Control (Chairman: William M. Whittington; Ranking Member: Harry Lane Englebright then Charles R. Clason)
• Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Sol Bloom; Ranking Member: Charles Aubrey Eaton)
• Immigration and Naturalization (Chairman: Samuel Dickstein; Ranking Member: Noah M. Mason)
• Indian Affairs (Chairman: James F. O'Connor; Ranking Member: Fred C. Gilchrist)
• Insular Affairs (Chairman: C. Jasper Bell; Ranking Member: Richard J. Welch)
• Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: Clarence F. Lea; Ranking Member: Charles A. Wolverton)
• Labor (Chairman: Mary Teresa Norton; Ranking Member: Richard J. Welch)
• Memorials (Chairman: John R. Murdock; Ranking Member: Allen T. Treadway)
• Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chairman: S. Otis Bland; Ranking Member: Richard J. Welch)
• Military Affairs (Chairman: Andrew J. May; Ranking Member: Walter G. Andrews)
• Invalid Pensions (Chairman: John Lesinski; Ranking Member: Robert A. Grant)
• Investigate Acts of Executive Agencies Beyond their Scope of Authority (Select) (Chairman: N/A)
• Investigate the Federal Communications Commission (Select) (Chairman: Edward E. Cox)
• Irrigation and Reclamation (Chairman: Compton I. White; Ranking Member: Dewey Jackson Short)
• Judiciary (Chairman: Hatton W. Sumners; Ranking Member: Ulysses S. Guyer then Clarence E. Hancock)
• Mines and Mining (Chairman: Joe L. Smith; Ranking Member: Harry Lane Englebright then John M. Robsion)
• Investigate the Seizure of Montgomery Ward and Company (Select) (Chairman: N/A)
• Naval Affairs (Chairman: Carl Vinson; Ranking Member: Melvin J. Maas)
• Patents (Chairman: Frank W. Boykin; Ranking Member: Fred A. Hartley Jr.)
• Pensions (Chairman: Charles A. Buckley; Ranking Member: Fred J. Douglas)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Thomas G. Burch; Ranking Member: Fred A. Hartley Jr.)
• Post-War Military Policy (Select) (Chairman: Clifton A. Woodrum)
• Post-War Economic Policy and Planning (Special) (Chairman: N/A; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Printing (Chairman: Pete Jarman; Ranking Member: N/A)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Fritz G. Lanham; Ranking Member: Pehr G. Holmes)
• Public Lands (Chairman: J. Hardin Peterson; Ranking Member: Harry Lane Englebright)
• Revision of Laws (Chairman: Eugene J. Keogh; Ranking Member: Earl C. Michener)
• Rivers and Harbors (Chairman: Joseph J. Mansfield; Ranking Member: Albert E. Carter)
• Roads (Chairman: J.W. Robinson; Ranking Member: Jesse P. Wolcott)
• Rules (Chairman: Adolph J. Sabath; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish III)
• Small Business (Select) (Chairman: Wright Patman; Ranking Member: Usher L. Burdick)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories (Chairman: Robert A. Green; Ranking Member: Usher L. Burdick)
• War Claims (Chairman: Edward J. Hart; Ranking Member: Clare E. Hoffman)
• Ways and Means (Chairman: Robert L. Doughton; Ranking Member: Allen T. Treadway)
• World War Veterans' Legislation (Chairman: John E. Rankin; Ranking Member: Edith Nourse Rogers)
• Whole

Joint committees

• Commemorate the Centennial of the Telegraph
• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
• The Library (Chairman: Sen. Alben W. Barkley)
• Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures (Chairman: Sen. Harry F. Byrd; Vice Chairman: Rep. Robert L. Doughton)
• Organization of Congress
• Printing (Chairman: Sen. Carl Hayden; Vice Chairman: Rep. Pete Jarman)
• Selective Service Deferments
• Taxation (Chairman: Sen. Walter F. George; Vice Chairman: Rep. Robert L. Doughton)

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

[[List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress|Legislative branch agency]] directors

• Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver
• Comptroller General of the United States: Lindsay C. Warren
• Librarian of Congress: Archibald MacLeish, until 1944
• Public Printer of the United States: Augustus E. Giegengack

Senate

• Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris (Methodist)
• Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins
• Secretary: Edwin A. Halsey
• Librarian: Ruskin McArdle
• Secretary for the Majority: Leslie Biffle
• Secretary for the Minority: Carl A. Loeffler
• Sergeant at Arms: Chesley W. Jurney, until January 31, 1943
  • Wall Doxey, from February 1, 1943

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery (Methodist)
• Clerk: South Trimble
• Doorkeeper: Joseph J. Sinnott, until January 27, 1943
  • Ralph R. Roberts, from February 5, 1943
• Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
• Postmaster: Finis E. Scott
• Reading Clerks: George J. Maurer (D) and Alney E. Chaffee (R)
• Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney

Notes

References

References

1. Riddick, Floyd M.. (1945). "The Second Session of the Seventy-eighth Congress". American Political Science Review.
2. "Party Whips". Senate.gov.