46th Air Defense Missile Squadron

History

Airlift Operations

The squadron was first activated under the 317th Transport Group (later 317th Troop Carrier Group), an element of Air Transport Command (later I Troop Carrier Command) in May 1942 The group and squadron equipped with Douglas C-47 Skytrains and trained at several airfields in Texas, the midwest and the southeast. It also performed various airlift missions as part of its training. The squadron deployed to Australia, arriving in January 1943 as an element of Fifth Air Force. It made numerous flights in unarmed planes over the Owen Stanley Range transporting reinforcement and supplies to Wau, Papua New Guinea, where enemy forces were threatening a valuable Allied airdrome, for which it was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation. It performed paratroop drops at Nadzab (the first airborne operation in the Southwest Pacific) and Noemfoor in New Guinea; Tagaytay, Luzon, and Corregidor and Aparri in the Philippines. Also performed cargo airlift, supply and evacuation, and other assigned missions along the northern coast of New Guinea; the Dutch East Indies and in the Philippines as part of MacArthur's island hopping offensive against the Japanese in the Southwest Pacific. This included supplying guerillas in Mindanao, Cebu, and Panay. In April 1945, it bombed Carabao Island with drums of napalm.

The squadron deployed to Okinawa in August 1945 after the Japanese capitulation and became part of the American occupation forces. It replaced its C-47s with longer range Curtiss C-46 Commando aircraft and moved to Japan and the Korean peninsula during late 1945. Its initial post-war missions included the evacuation of former Allied prisoners of war; later primarily cargo transport missions in the occupied areas of Japan and Korea during the postwar era. The squadron inactivated in 1949 in Japan due to budget constraints; its aircraft being assigned to other units as part of the consolidation.

Cold War Air Defense

The squadron was activated as the 46th Air Defense Missile Squadron (BOMARC) in 1959 at McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, and stood alert during the Cold War, with IM-99A (later CIM-10) BOMARC surface to air antiaircraft missiles starting in September 1959. The squadron was tied into a Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) direction center which could use analog computers to process information from ground radars, picket ships and airborne aircraft to accelerate the display of tracking data at the direction center to quickly direct the missile site to engage hostile aircraft.

On 7 June 1960, a Bomarc and its Mark 40 nuclear warhead was destroyed by fire caused by an exploding helium tank that scattered fragments in all directions. Part of the response to this incident was to reduce the pressure on the tanks. Until a permanent fix was devised a year later, this removed all Bomarcs from alert, since it would take hours to bring the tanks up to operating pressure.

In October 1962, the squadron upgraded to the CIM-10B model of the Bomarc.

It trained personnel and prepared for operation of the BOMARC surface-to-air missiles; operated and maintained BOMARC missiles and associated equipment, trained personnel, and maintained a capability to intercept and destroy hostile aircraft until 1 October 1972. The squadron was inactivated on 31 October 1972, one of the last two BOMARC missile squadrons inactivated.

The BOMARC missile site was located 4 mi east-southeast of McGuire Air Force Base at . Although geographically separated from the base, it was an off base facility of McGuire and the squadron received administrative and logistical support from McGuire.

Consolidation

The 46th Troop Carrier Squadron and the 46th Air Defense Missile Squadron were consolidated on 19 September 1985 as the 46th Tactical Missile Squadron while remaining inactive.

Lineage

46th Troop Carrier Squadron

• Constituted as the 46th Transport Squadron on 30 May 1942 : Activated on 15 June 1942 : Redesignated as the 46th Troop Carrier Squadron on 4 July 1942 : Redesignated as the 46th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium on 10 August 1948 : Inactivated on 1 April 1949
• Consolidated with the 46 Air Defense Missile Squadron on 19 September 1985

46th Air Defense Missile Squadron : Constituted as the 46th Air Defense Missile Squadron (BOMARC) on 10 December 1958 : Activated on 1 January 1959 : Inactivated on 31 October 1972

• Consolidated with the 46 Troop Carrier Squadron on 19 September 1985

Assignments

• 317th Transport Group (later 317th Troop Carrier Group), 15 June 1942
• Fifth Air Force, 18 August 1948 – 1 April 1949 (attached to 317th Troop Carrier Wing), 18 August 1948, 6146th Station Group, 1 October 1948, 374th Troop Carrier Group, 5 March 1949 - 1 April 1949
• New York Air Defense Sector, 1 January 1959
• 21st Air Division, 1 April 1966
• 35th Air Division, 1 December 1967 – 1 October 1972

Stations

• Duncan Field, Texas, 15 June 1942
• Bowman Field, Kentucky, 19 June 1942;
• Lawson Field, Georgia, 10 October 1942
• Laurinburg-Maxton Airport, North Carolina, 3–12 December 1942
• Garbutt Field, Australia, 23 January 1943
• Port Moresby Airfield Complex, Papua New Guinea, 1 October 1943
• Finschhafen Airfield, Papua New Guinea, 19 April 1944
• Hollandia Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 5 July 1944
• Tanauan Airfield, Leyte, Philippines, 19 November 1944
• Clark Field, Luzon, Philippines, March 1945
• Kadena Airfield, Okinawa, 19 August 1945
• Seoul Airport, Korea, 19 October 1945
• Tachikawa Airfield, Japan, 19 January 1946
• Kimpo Airfield, Korea, 10 July 1946
• Matsushima Air Field, Japan, 1 August 1948
• Tachikawa Air Base, Japan, 1 October 1948 – 1 April 1949
• McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, 1 January 1959 – 1 October 1972

Awards and campaigns

Aircraft and missiles

• Douglas C-47 Skytrain, 1942–1945
• Curtiss C-46 Commando, 1945–1949
• Boeing IM-99 (later CIM-10) BOMARC, 1959-1972

References

Notes

; Explanatory notes

; Citations

Bibliography

References

1. (24 September 2009). "Lineage & Honors Statement 46th Tactical Missile Squadron". Air Force Historical Research Agency.
2. Maurer, ''Combat Squadrons'', p. 205
3. as the [[group (military aviation unit)
4. Cornett & Johnson, p. 150
5. Air Defense Command Historical Data 1946-1973, Air Defense Command Office of History, Vol. II, p. 157
6. Winkler & Webster, p. 39
7. Winkler & Webster, p. 3
8. BOMARC and Nuclear Armament, pp. 35-38
9. The BOMARC B had a solid fuel booster, longer range and a higher maximum altitude than the BOMARC A.BOMARC and Nuclear Armament, Appendix I
10. Mueller, p. 412